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Alternative Therapies in Health and... Jun 2024To explore the effect of rapid rehabilitation nursing in patients with brucellar spondylitis during the perioperative period.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the effect of rapid rehabilitation nursing in patients with brucellar spondylitis during the perioperative period.
METHODS
A total of 68 patients with brucellar spondylitis who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from August 2019 to May 2022 and met the inclusion criteria were enrolled as study subjects. The patients were divided into a conventional group and a rehabilitation group with 34 cases each according to different nursing methods. The conventional group received routine nursing intervention and the rehabilitation group received perioperative rapid rehabilitation nursing intervention. The clinical data of patients were recorded, and the length of hospital stay, nursing intervention effect, pain perception, kyphotic Cobb angle changes, perioperative complications, and the satisfaction scores of patients were compared between the two groups.
RESULTS
The hospitalization time of patients in the rehabilitation group was significantly shorter and the clinical effective rate was significantly higher in the rehabilitation group than that of the conventional group, P < .05. The VAS scores of the rehabilitation group were significantly lower than the conventional group at each time point, P < .05. The total incidence of complications and the kyphotic Cobb angle at 3 days and 2 weeks post-operation of the rehabilitation group was significantly lower than the conventional group, P < .05; while the patient satisfaction was significantly higher in the rehabilitation group, P < .05.
CONCLUSION
Rapid recovery nursing intervention for patients with brucellar spondylitis has a definite effect in the perioperative period, which can effectively reduce the pain experience of patients, improve the treatment effect, shorten the hospitalization time of patients, reduce the occurrence of perioperative complications, improve patient satisfaction, and promote the functional recovery of patients. The findings are significant and warrant the clinical promotion and application of fast recovery nursing intervention in the perioperative period of brucellar spondylitis.
PubMed: 38904618
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Medicine 2024This study aimed to investigate the influence of potential placebo and nocebo effects on pain perception of percutaneous needle electrolysis (PNE) in individuals with...
Placebo and nocebo effects of percutaneous needle electrolysis and dry-needling: an intra and inter-treatment sessions analysis of a three-arm randomized double-blinded controlled trial in patients with patellar tendinopathy.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate the influence of potential placebo and nocebo effects on pain perception of percutaneous needle electrolysis (PNE) in individuals with patellar tendinopathy.
METHODS
In this secondary analysis of a three-arm randomized double-blinded controlled trial, intra and inter-session pain perception data from 48 sporting participants with patellar tendinopathy between 18 and 45 years were investigated. Participants were divided into 3 parallel groups: "no-sham group" [PNE intervention], "single-sham group" [sham PNE by using dry needling], and "double-sham group" [sham PNE by using sham needles]. Every group received 4 sessions of the needling therapies targeting the patellar tendon over 8 weeks and was instructed to perform a unilateral eccentric exercise program of the quadriceps muscle on the affected side. Clinical and needle-related pain was assessed before, during, and after each treatment session using a visual analog scale.
RESULTS
No differences were found between groups intra- or inter-session in terms of pain reduction ( = 0.424) despite clinical pain decreased in all groups since the first treatment session ( < 0.001). Furthermore, although the double-sham group showed a lower percentage of participants reporting needle-related pain during needle intervention ( = 0.005), the needle-related pain intensity after needle intervention was similar between groups ( = 0.682). Moreover, there were no group differences for the duration of pain sensation after any needle intervention ( = 0.184), extending in many cases beyond 24 h.
CONCLUSION
Needling therapies for individuals with patellar tendinopathy are prone to elicit placebo effects regarding clinical pain and nocebo effects regarding needling-related pain. Clinicians and physical therapists treating musculoskeletal pain conditions should consider the added value and potential mechanisms of action before routinely using needle techniques.
PubMed: 38903823
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1381515 -
SAGE Open Medicine 2024The purpose of this scoping review is to explore research studies on the association between chronic pain and polycystic ovary syndrome to create local (U.S.-based) and... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this scoping review is to explore research studies on the association between chronic pain and polycystic ovary syndrome to create local (U.S.-based) and global recommendations to improve access to and quality of affordable symptom management and treatment options for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
METHODS
The study sections used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews as a checklist reference. The review followed the York methodology by Arksey and O'Malley for the extraction, analysis, and presentation of results in scoping reviews.
RESULTS
Final analysis included two conference abstracts published in peer-reviewed journals and two peer-reviewed articles. The relationship between pain perception and health-related quality of life warrants further investigation in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome as the interconnected pathophysiology of symptoms renders exploring associations between the two factors difficult. A comprehensive understanding of the causes of polycystic ovary syndrome-associated symptoms, particularly those relating to pain perceptions can provide more insight into polycystic ovary syndrome pathophysiology and aid in the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for long-term polycystic ovary syndrome management and care.
CONCLUSION
Future studies are necessary to examine associations between the disease and pathophysiological symptoms for a better quality of life for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
PubMed: 38903491
DOI: 10.1177/20503121241262158 -
Clinical Psychology Review Jun 2024Perception has been conceptualised as an active and adaptive process, based upon incoming sensory inputs, which are modified by top-down factors such as cognitions.... (Review)
Review
Perception has been conceptualised as an active and adaptive process, based upon incoming sensory inputs, which are modified by top-down factors such as cognitions. Visuospatial perception is thought to be scaled based on threat, with highly threatening objects or contexts visually inflated to promote escape or avoidance behaviours. This meta-analytical systematic review quantified the effect and evidence quality of threat-evoked visuospatial scaling, as well as how visuospatial scaling relates to affordances (perceived action capabilities) and behavioural avoidance/escape outcomes. Databases and grey literature were systematically searched inclusive to 10/04/24. Studies were assessed with a customised Risk of Bias form and meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. 12,354 records were identified. Of these, 49 experiments (n = 3027) were included in the review. There was consistent evidence that threat the of height influenced contextual perception (g = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.88) and affordances (g = -0.43, 95% CI: -0.84, -0.03). Threatening objects were viewed as larger (g = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.26, 1.26) and as closer (g = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.42). Bodily threat (pain) yielded conflicting effects on visuospatial perception/affordances. We conclude that threat may influence visuospatial perception and affordances. However, since behavioural measures were poorly reported, their relationship with visuospatial perception/affordances remains elusive.
PubMed: 38901066
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102449 -
Cureus May 2024The medical management of pain is a nuanced challenge influenced by sociocultural, demographic, and ethical factors. This review explores the intricate interplay of... (Review)
Review
The medical management of pain is a nuanced challenge influenced by sociocultural, demographic, and ethical factors. This review explores the intricate interplay of these dimensions in shaping pain perception and treatment outcomes. Sociocultural elements, encompassing cultural beliefs, language, societal norms, and healing practices, significantly impact individuals' pain experiences across societies. Gender expectations further shape these experiences, influencing reporting and responses. Patient implications highlight age-related and socioeconomic disparities in pain experiences, particularly among the elderly, with challenges in managing chronic pain and socioeconomic factors affecting access to care. Healthcare provider attitudes and biases contribute to disparities in pain management across racial and ethnic groups. Ethical considerations, especially in opioid use, raise concerns about subjective judgments and potential misuse. The evolving landscape of placebo trials adds complexity, emphasizing the importance of understanding psychological and cultural factors. In conclusion, evidence-based guidelines, multidisciplinary approaches, and tailored interventions are crucial for effective pain management. By acknowledging diverse influences on pain experiences, clinicians can provide personalized care, dismantle systemic barriers, and contribute to closing knowledge gaps, impacting individual and public health, well-being, and overall quality of life.
PubMed: 38899250
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60692 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2024Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is known as an immense challenge in oral healthcare, which can result in compromised oral health, pain, and uncomfortable treatment. The... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is known as an immense challenge in oral healthcare, which can result in compromised oral health, pain, and uncomfortable treatment. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of essential-oil vaporization on acute anxiety of patients in dental practices. Four dental practices used five weekly cycles of vaporization with each scent: Orange (Citrus sinensis), Swiss Pine (Pinus cembra), Good Mood (blended essential oils: Citrus sinensis, Citrus aurantifolia, Citrus limon, Osmanthus fragrance (5%)), Forest Walk (blended essential oils: Abies grandis, Pinus cembra, Myrtus communis c. t. 1,8-cineol, Abies alba, Citrus paradisi, Abies sibirica, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Vetiveria zizanoides), and water. Acute anxiety was the primary outcome (state-trait-anxiety inventory (STAI-S)). Secondary outcomes were trait anxiety (STAI-T), dental anxiety (Kleinknecht dental fear survey), and pain perception in treatment (numeric rating scale). Across all patients (n = 486), STAI-S was slightly higher in the control group (40.7 ± 11.6) than in the intervention groups (38.4 ± 10.5). Post-hoc analyses revealed that the effect is only robust for the subgroup of female patients (n = 296, p = 0.044). We also conducted a post-hoc additional analysis on a subpopulation with an increased level of STAI-T ≥ 42 (n = 131 patients). For this group the difference in acute anxiety between the control group (51.1 ± 11.9, n = 30) vs. the intervention groups (46.8 ± 9.6, n = 118) was significant (T = 4.39, p = 0.0379). The results of the study indicate a promising potential of essential-oil vaporization to alleviate dental anxiety, particularly in the subgroups of patients with a high level of trait anxiety, and particularly in female patients. The calming effects of the essential-oil vaporization were also highlighted by the anecdotical statements of the dental-practice staff. The anxiety-reducing role of essential-oil vaporization alone and as one part of combined techniques to counter DFA should be further explored using multi-perspective methodological approaches in research.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Oils, Volatile; Adult; Dental Anxiety; Middle Aged; Aromatherapy; Volatilization; Single-Blind Method; Young Adult
PubMed: 38898054
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63657-w -
Frontiers in Neuroscience 2024In neural prostheses, intensity modulation of a single channel (i.e., through a single stimulating electrode) has been achieved by increasing the magnitude or width of...
In neural prostheses, intensity modulation of a single channel (i.e., through a single stimulating electrode) has been achieved by increasing the magnitude or width of each stimulation pulse, which risks eliciting pain or paraesthesia; and by changing the stimulation rate, which leads to concurrent changes in perceived frequency. In this study, we sought to render a perception of tactile intensity and frequency independently, by means of temporal pulse train patterns of fixed magnitude, delivered non-invasively. Our psychophysical study exploits a previously discovered frequency coding mechanism, where the perceived frequency of stimulus pulses grouped into periodic bursts depends on the duration of the inter-burst interval, rather than the mean pulse rate or periodicity. When electrical stimulus pulses were organised into bursts, perceived intensity was influenced by the number of pulses within a burst, while perceived frequency was determined by the time between the end of one burst envelope and the start of the next. The perceived amplitude was modulated by 1.6× while perceived frequency was varied independently by 2× within the tested range (20-40 Hz). Thus, the sensation of intensity might be controlled independently from frequency through a single stimulation channel without having to vary the injected electrical current. This can form the basis for improving strategies in delivering more complex and natural sensations for prosthetic hand users.
PubMed: 38894940
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1125597 -
Journal of Pain Research 2024Pain leads to activation of the autonomic nervous system and thus, among other things, to pupillary reflex dilation (PRD). Previous studies have already confirmed a...
BACKGROUND
Pain leads to activation of the autonomic nervous system and thus, among other things, to pupillary reflex dilation (PRD). Previous studies have already confirmed a correlation between the perception of pain and the pupillary reaction, measured using pupillometry. However, the previous study populations were under the influence of medication for analgesia in perioperative setting or suffered from pain. This study examines the relationship between pupillary reaction and pain perception in healthy controls and addresses the question of whether endogenous pain inhibition, clinically tested by conditioned pain modulation (CPM), can be quantified using pupillometry.
METHODS
Forty-two healthy volunteers (21 females, 21 males, mean age 27.9 ± 5.8 years, range 20-39 years) were included in this study. The PRD, as a measure of the pupillary reaction (variance from the base diameter in percent), was investigated during baseline, heat application and during CPM testing and results compared to the reported pain intensity on the numerical rating scale (NRS).
RESULTS
The volunteers showed higher variances under painful conditions compared to the measurement at rest corresponding to higher sympathetic activity during pain. Volunteers with a higher variance, ie a stronger pupillary reaction, gave higher pain ratings than subjects with a lower pupil variance. However, there was no correlation between the NRS and PRD. PRD and pain ratings during CPM were significantly lower compared to heat pain application alone. However, there was no correlation between the calculated CPM effect and the PRD.
CONCLUSION
Pupillometry is capable of objectively reflecting the pain response, eg pain relief through CPM testing. However, the CPM effect calculated from the subjective pain ratings and the objective PRD measurements is not associated suggesting that both measure different aspects of pain perception. It must be discussed whether the CPM effect can be the correct measure for the functionality of the pain system.
PubMed: 38894860
DOI: 10.2147/JPR.S461906 -
Iranian Journal of Public Health Feb 2024We aimed to evaluate the impact of pain on patients during Hysterosalpingography (HSG). (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
We aimed to evaluate the impact of pain on patients during Hysterosalpingography (HSG).
METHODS
PubMed, PMC and other journals were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTS) on HSG. Appropriate articles were selected for inclusion and reasonable exclusion according to keywords. Following a thorough review of the relevant literature, the process of literature screening was conducted in accordance with the aforementioned criteria. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the risk of bias assessment tool developed by the Cochrane Collaboration. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4.1 software.
RESULTS
Twelve studies were included, including 1530 cases in the experimental group and 1545 cases in the control group. The literature summarizes the basic information of patients during HSG and makes statistics on the differences in visual analog scale (VAS) and pain perception. The findings from the HSG examination revealed a lack of significant association between patients' pain sensation and their age and BMI. However, the duration of pregnancy in patients decreased following HSG treatment (95%CI (-18.84 to -3.58), =0.004).Compared with conventional testing, HSG could effectively reduce the pregnancy time of patients (95%CI (-18.84, -3.58), =0.004), reduce the VAS of patients (95%CI (-4.73, -1.51), =0.0001), and increase the number of patients without pain (95%CI (1.80, 10.43), =0.001).
CONCLUSION
During the HSG examination, acceptable pain avoidance is generated and can be relieved over time. At present, there is no effective alternative method, so the patient should cooperate with the doctor to complete the examination, to relieve the pain.
PubMed: 38894833
DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i2.14912 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Substance P (SP) plays a crucial role in pain modulation, with significant implications for major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress... (Review)
Review
Substance P (SP) plays a crucial role in pain modulation, with significant implications for major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Elevated SP levels are linked to heightened pain sensitivity and various psychiatric conditions, spurring interest in potential therapeutic interventions. In chronic pain, commonly associated with MDD and anxiety disorders, SP emerges as a key mediator in pain and emotional regulation. This review examines SP's impact on pain perception and its contributions to MDD, anxiety disorders, and PTSD. The association of SP with increased pain sensitivity and chronic pain conditions underscores its importance in pain modulation. Additionally, SP influences the pathophysiology of MDD, anxiety disorders, and PTSD, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target. Understanding SP's diverse effects provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying these psychiatric disorders and their treatment. Further research is essential to explore SP modulation in psychiatric disorders and develop more effective treatment strategies.
Topics: Humans; Chronic Pain; Substance P; Depressive Disorder, Major; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Anxiety Disorders; Animals; Mental Disorders
PubMed: 38892091
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115905