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Clinical and Experimental Hypertension... Dec 2023Although great progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in recent years, its morbidity and mortality are still...
Sestrin2 levels in patients with anxiety and depression myocardial infarction was up-regulated and suppressed inflammation and ferroptosis by LKB1-mediated AMPK activation.
Although great progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in recent years, its morbidity and mortality are still relatively high. In this study, we explain that the function of Sestrin2 gene in Anxiety and Depression Myocardial infarction and its possible mechanism. 26 patients with Anxiety and Depression Myocardial infarction (ADMI) and 26 normal volunteers were collected from our hospital. All mice anaesthetized using 50 mg/kg of pentobarbital sodium and the left anterior descending arteries (LAD) were ligated to induce myocardial infarction. H9c2 cells were stimulated with 5% oxygen (O2) and 5% carbon dioxide (CO2) and 90% N2 for 24 h. The serum expression of Sestrin2 in patients with ADMI was up-regulated. Sestrin2 gene up-regulation reduced collagen I/II and KEAP1 mRNA expressions, and increased GPX4 and Nrf2 mRNA expressions in vitro model of AMI. Down-regulation of Sestrin2 increased collagen I/II and KEAP1 mRNA expressions, and decreased GPX4 and Nrf2 mRNA expressions in vitro model of AMI. These data confirmed that Sestrin2 reduced inflammation and ferroptosis in model of ADMI by LKB1-mediated AMPK activation. This infers that Sestrin2 is potential target to be used in the treatment of premature AMI.
Topics: Mice; Animals; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1; Ferroptosis; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Depression; Myocardial Infarction; Anxiety; Inflammation; Collagen; RNA, Messenger
PubMed: 37183711
DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2023.2205049 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology Oct 2023Although lettuce is traditionally known to have hypnotic and sedative effects, to date, only a few studies have documented its sleep-promoting effects and elucidated the...
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Although lettuce is traditionally known to have hypnotic and sedative effects, to date, only a few studies have documented its sleep-promoting effects and elucidated the related mechanisms.
AIM OF THE STUDY
We aimed to investigate the sleep-promoting activity of Heukharang lettuce leaf extract (HLE) with increased lactucin content, known as a sleep-promoting substance in lettuce, in animal models.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
To evaluate the effect of HLE on sleep behavior, analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG), gene expression of brain receptors, and activation mechanisms using antagonists were investigated in rodent models.
RESULTS
High-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that HLE contained lactucin (0.78 mg/g of extract) and quercetin-3-glucuronide (1.3 mg/g of extract). In the pentobarbital-induced sleep model, the group administered 150 mg/kg of HLE showed a 47.3% increase in sleep duration time as compared to the normal group (NOR). The EEG analysis showed that the HLE significantly increased non-rapid eye movement (NREM), where delta waves were improved by 59.5% when compared to the NOR, resulting in increased sleep time. In the caffeine-induced arousal model, HLE significantly decreased the awake time increased by caffeine administration (35.5%) and showed a similar level to NOR. In addition, HLE increased the gene and protein expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor type A (GABA), GABA type B, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1A. In particular, in comparison to the NOR, the group administered 150 mg/kg HLE showed an increase in expression levels of GABA and protein by 2.3 and 2.5 times, respectively. When the expression levels were checked using GABA receptor antagonists, HLE showed similar levels to NOR, as the sleep duration was reduced by flumazenil (45.1%), a benzodiazepine antagonist.
CONCLUSIONS
HLE increased NREM sleep and significantly improved sleep behavior due to its action on the GABA receptors. The collective findings suggest that HLE can be used as a novel sleep-enhancing agent in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
Topics: Animals; Receptors, GABA-A; Lactuca; Caffeine; Plant Extracts; Sleep; Hypnotics and Sedatives; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
PubMed: 37149068
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116602 -
Journal of Atherosclerosis and... Sep 2023Central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) was closely related to hypertension-related organ damage rather than peripheral systolic blood pressure (pSBP). We aimed to...
Estimation of Central Systolic Blood Pressure from Peripheral Pressure Waves using a Novel Second Systolic Pressure-Based Method in Normal and Heritable Hypercholesterolemic Rabbits.
AIM
Central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) was closely related to hypertension-related organ damage rather than peripheral systolic blood pressure (pSBP). We aimed to estimate cSBP from pSBP without generalized transfer function in normal and Kurosawa and Kusanagi-hypercholesterolemic (KHC) rabbits aged 12 months.
METHODS
Two catheter-tip transducers were advanced into the ascending aorta (AA) and distal end of the right brachial artery (Br) through the right common carotid and right radial arteries, respectively, under pentobarbital anesthesia. Pressure waves in response to the intravenous administration of angiotensin II and sodium nitroprusside were simultaneously recorded in AA and Br under regular cardiac pacing.
RESULTS
The first (pSBP) and second peaks (pSBP) of the brachial blood pressure and their average (pSBP) were significantly correlated with cSBP, despite Murgo's wave pattern of central pressure waves in both rabbit groups. In Bland-Altman plot and its modification as a function of the peripheral augmentation index (pAI) analyses, the differences between pSBP and cSBP decreased, and those between pSBP and cSBP increased significantly in their average- or pAI-dependent manner, with undeniable mean biases in both rabbit groups. When the same analyses for SBP were performed instead, the mean bias was around zero, with reduced variance in the two rabbit groups. The observed pressure or pAI-dependent systematic biases for pSBP and pSBP disappeared, representing the precise feature of pSBP as a cSBP estimate.
CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that pSBP could be more precise than pSBP as a cSBP estimate, irrespective of blood pressure levels, pAI, or the presence of atherosclerosis.
Topics: Animals; Rabbits; Blood Pressure; Hypertension; Blood Pressure Determination; Aorta; Angiotensin II
PubMed: 36642536
DOI: 10.5551/jat.63793