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Acta Odontologica Scandinavica Jun 2024The objectives of this study were to evaluate how laypersons and orthodontists evaluate and rank aesthetic parameters of an implant-supported crown (ISC) on the canine...
INTRODUCTION
The objectives of this study were to evaluate how laypersons and orthodontists evaluate and rank aesthetic parameters of an implant-supported crown (ISC) on the canine position (ISC-C) and lateral position (ISC-L).
METHODS
A digital survey of 11 cases, 5 ISC-C, 5 ISC-L and 1 control case without ISC, was distributed to 207 laypersons and 296 orthodontists. All cases included one extraoral photograph and three intraoral photographs. The respondents were asked to identify the ISC and to evaluate the aesthetic parameters regarding colour of the implant (CI), shape of the implant (SI) and gingival colour around ISC (GCI). Differences within and between the groups were tested using Chi-2-test and Independent-Samples t-test.
RESULTS
All invited laypersons and 184 orthodontists (62% response rate) answered the survey. Orthodontists (89%) more correctly identified the ISC, regardless of its position, than laypersons (50%) (p < 0.001). Both laypersons (54%) and orthodontists (23%) rated higher proportions of acceptance of CI, SI and GCI in favour for the ISC-L than ISC-C (laypersons: 40%, orthodontists: 10%) (p < 0.001). Assessing each parameter separately, orthodontists rated higher for ISC-L, compared to the ISC-C (p < 0.001). In general, laypersons and orthodontist ranked tooth colour (mean, standard deviation [SD]:8.0,1.5 and 9.0, 1.0) and tooth shape (mean, SD: 8.0, 1.7 and 8.8, 1.2) as aesthetically higher than the gingival colour (mean, SD: 7.2, 2.2 and 8.0, 1.7) (p > 0.001). Conclusion: Laypersons and orthodontists consider the ISC-L as aesthetically more preferable, compared to the ISC-C.
Topics: Humans; Orthodontists; Esthetics, Dental; Female; Adult; Male; Maxilla; Cuspid; Surveys and Questionnaires; Crowns; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38864178
DOI: 10.2340/aos.v83.40738 -
Cureus May 2024Silver amalgam, glass ionomer, resin-modified glass ionomer, compomers, light polymerized hybrid composite resin, and hybrid glass ionomer are among the most frequent...
INTRODUCTION
Silver amalgam, glass ionomer, resin-modified glass ionomer, compomers, light polymerized hybrid composite resin, and hybrid glass ionomer are among the most frequent restorative materials used as cavity-based or post-endodontics. Thus, to meet the needs of both patients and dentists, Cention N reimagines the traditional filling by integrating bulk placement, ion release, and durability into a dual-curing, aesthetically pleasing solution. Hoewver, we do not have enough information from studies comparing this hybrid restorative material's shear bond strengths to dentin to draw any firm conclusions. Cention N, zirconomer, and Vitremer are three hybrid tooth-colored restorative materials that were evaluated for their shear bond strength to dentin. This research aimed to compare and evaluate these materials.
METHODOLOGY
The purpose of this research was to use a universal Instron machine to measure the shear bond stress of three distinct hybrid tooth-colored restorative materials in relation to dentin. The research samples consisted of 45 extracted lower first premolars from humans. The teeth were then assigned into three groups of 15 samples each according to different color acrylic resin blocks, namely, group A (pink acrylic blocks), which had Cention in cement; group B (white acrylic blocks), which has zirconomer cement; and group C (violet acrylic blocks), which had Vitremer cement.
RESULTS
There was no statistically significant difference between the three groups and the normal distribution, as shown by the negligible values in the tests involving the three groups. Put simply, each of the three categories exhibits data that follows a normal distribution. This allows for further data analysis to be conducted using the parametric test of significance.
CONCLUSION
The shear bond strength of hybrid glass ionomer restorative materials has to be further investigated in both laboratory and living organism settings.
PubMed: 38864074
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60123 -
BMC Medical Education Jun 2024The COVID-19 pandemic rapidly altered dental practice, training, and education. This study investigates the pandemic's impacts on the clinical training experiences of...
BACKGROUND
The COVID-19 pandemic rapidly altered dental practice, training, and education. This study investigates the pandemic's impacts on the clinical training experiences of dental and dental hygienist trainees at the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).
METHODS
Using data from post-doctoral general practice dentists, dental specialists, and dental hygienist trainees who completed the VA Trainee Satisfaction Survey before and during COVID-19, we performed logistic regression and thematic content analyses to determine whether COVID-19 was associated with training satisfaction and likelihood of considering future VA employment.
RESULTS
While post-doctoral dentist and dental specialty trainees did not report significant differences, dental hygienist trainees reported increased overall satisfaction and an increased likelihood to consider future VA employment during the pandemic compared to before the pandemic. Similar reasons for dissatisfaction were identified for both the pre-pandemic and pandemic groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Research outside VA indicates the pandemic's association with trainees' intentions to leave health profession education programs. Our results suggest the likely existence of factors that could lead to positive changes for at least some portion of the dental workforce. Future studies should explore those potential factors as some may be replicable in other settings or may apply to other health professions.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; United States; United States Department of Veterans Affairs; Dental Hygienists; Male; Female; Personal Satisfaction; Adult; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2; Surveys and Questionnaires; Dentists
PubMed: 38862948
DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05628-3 -
BDJ Open Jun 2024A healthy diet could help to prevent both oral and systemic diseases, with dentists and nutritionists supplementing their skills. The dental setting, where patients...
AIM
A healthy diet could help to prevent both oral and systemic diseases, with dentists and nutritionists supplementing their skills. The dental setting, where patients periodically refer to seeking oral health care, represents a powerful opportunity for nutritional counselling. To the best of our knowledge, no study is available on patients' attitudes towards dietary counselling in the dental setting. This cross-sectional study investigates patients' attitude towards receiving nutritional support within the dental setting and it elucidates whether a transdisciplinary approach would be well accepted.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A questionnaire was administered to patients attending three different clinics: a private clinic, a hospital dental clinic of the national healthcare system and the private dental practice within the same hospital.
RESULTS
Three hundred thirteen questionnaires were collected. Most dental patients acknowledged receiving nutritional advice from both dentists and nutritionists. The nutritionist within the dental setting was positively perceived, providing useful advice to prevent oral and systemic diseases and also drawing up a diet with periodic follow-ups.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
These findings support the positive attitude of patients towards receiving nutritional counselling within the dental setting. The dental clinics can be pivotal in oral and systemic disease screening and prevention and a multidisciplinary approach is highly encouraged.
PubMed: 38862495
DOI: 10.1038/s41405-024-00229-0 -
Journal of Dentistry Jun 2024The aim of this study was to evaluate the use and reintervention rate of fillings compared to preformed metal crowns in the everyday clinical practice of German dentists.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the use and reintervention rate of fillings compared to preformed metal crowns in the everyday clinical practice of German dentists.
METHODS
In this retrospective, longitudinal analysis, fee codes from the Kassenzahnärztliche Vereinigung Westfalen-Lippe for restorations placed in primary molars between 2012 and 2015 in children until 7 years of age followed for a 7-year period (latest until December 2022) were filtered and analyzed with the Fine and Gray competing risk regression and Cox proportional hazards regression to calculate the risk of reintervention divided into the main outcomes "Successful", "Minor Failure/Repair" and "Major Failure/Endodontic Treatment/Extraction". 367,139 primary molars (one-surface fillings: n = 117,721; two-surface fillings n = 198,815; three-surface fillings n = 36,695; more than three-surface fillings n = 8,267 and preformed metal crowns n = 5,641 were included in this study.
RESULTS
Teeth treated with preformed crowns needed significantly less re-interventions. Subdistribution hazard ratio for minor events was 0.117 (95 %-CI: 0.097 to 0.141) and hazard ratio of major events (HR=0.786; 95 %-CI: 0.695 to 0.890) when compared to one-surface fillings in multivariable adjusted analysis. Within 7-year follow-up preformed crowns required less repairs (80.6 % success rate, minor failure 4.4 %, major failure 16.3 %) than the teeth treated with composite fillings (46.2 %-52.6 % success rate, minor failure 27.0 %-39.5 %, major failure 15.5 %-28.4 %, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Within the German healthcare system fillings are the first choice for treating primary molars despite considerably higher reintervention rates. This encourages a discussion on the indication of fillings and the more durable preformed metal crowns to reduce unnecessary reintervention in young children.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
This study gives an unprecedented insight into the German healthcare system regarding the reintervention rates of the most relevant treatment techniques for caries in primary molars.
PubMed: 38857648
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105121 -
Cureus May 2024Bioterrorism involves the deliberate release of harmful biological agents, such as bacteria and viruses, aimed at causing mass casualties within a population. Often... (Review)
Review
Bioterrorism involves the deliberate release of harmful biological agents, such as bacteria and viruses, aimed at causing mass casualties within a population. Often referred to as "poor man's nuclear weapons," chemical and biological weapons pose a significant threat due to their potential for mass destruction. Detecting and preventing bioterrorist attacks is challenging, making them one of the most feared scenarios. Dentistry plays a crucial role in responding to bioterrorism and other catastrophic events, leveraging its personnel and facilities effectively. This paper explores the signs and symptoms of biological agents used in mass destruction, as well as the oral and dental manifestations of both naturally occurring and bioengineered infectious agents. Furthermore, the article stresses the importance of countermeasures against bioterrorism, including deterrence, prevention, surveillance, medical management, and training. Emphasis is placed on implementing surveillance systems, bolstering medical readiness, and conducting training programs to effectively detect, assess, and respond to bioterrorism threats. Ultimately, the article underscores the critical role of dentists and healthcare professionals in collaborative efforts to mitigate the impacts of bioterrorism through proactive measures.
PubMed: 38854341
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59958 -
Journal of the Formosan Medical... Jun 2024Taiwan has implemented a Medical Home Healthcare (MHHC) policy to provide home healthcare services to residents in need. First was the Ordinary Medical Home Healthcare...
Taiwan has implemented a Medical Home Healthcare (MHHC) policy to provide home healthcare services to residents in need. First was the Ordinary Medical Home Healthcare (OMHHC) program in 1997 and then expanded to Integrated Medical Home Healthcare (IMHHC) in 2016. The OMHHC is provided care for residents with tubes at home or in institutions by physicians and nurses, and the IMHHC include additional professions, such as pharmacists and dentists. This study analyzed the longitudinal data from 2013 to 2020 with respect to overall home health services utilizations, and the type of services, and compared the differences between areas with and without healthcare shortages. Our results showed that the IMHHC program enhanced the accessibility of home healthcare to those in needs, especially those in healthcare shortage areas. However, some services in the IMHHC program may still have low utilization rates. It is necessary to investigate the potential barriers for residents to access those services.
PubMed: 38851913
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.06.002 -
Journal of Dentistry Jun 2024Dentists' diagnostic accuracy in detecting periapical radiolucency varies considerably. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the accuracy of... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Dentists' diagnostic accuracy in detecting periapical radiolucency varies considerably. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) for detecting periapical radiolucency.
DATA
Studies reporting diagnostic accuracy and utilizing AI for periapical radiolucency detection, published until November 2023, were eligible for inclusion. Meta-analysis was conducted using the online MetaDTA Tool to calculate pooled sensitivity and specificity. Risk of bias was evaluated using QUADAS-2.
SOURCES
A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Xplore databases. Studies reporting diagnostic accuracy and utilizing AI tools for periapical radiolucency detection, published until November 2023, were eligible for inclusion.
STUDY SELECTION
We identified 210 articles, of which 24 met the criteria for inclusion in the review. All but one study used one type of convolutional neural network. The body of evidence comes with an overall unclear to high risk of bias and several applicability concerns. Four of the twenty-four studies were included in a meta-analysis. AI showed a pooled sensitivity and specificity of 0.94 (95 % CI = 0.90-0.96) and 0.96 (95 % CI = 0.91-0.98), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
AI demonstrated high specificity and sensitivity for detecting periapical radiolucencies. However, the current landscape suggests a need for diverse study designs beyond traditional diagnostic accuracy studies. Prospective real-life randomized controlled trials using heterogeneous data are needed to demonstrate the true value of AI.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Artificial intelligence tools seem to have the potential to support detecting periapical radiolucencies on imagery. Notably, nearly all studies did not test fully fledged software systems but measured the mere accuracy of AI models in diagnostic accuracy studies. The true value of currently available AI-based software for lesion detection on both 2D and 3D radiographs remains uncertain.
PubMed: 38851523
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105104 -
Juntendo Iji Zasshi = Juntendo Medical... 2023To investigate the effects of interventions provided by a multidisciplinary team consisting of anesthesiologists, dentists, pharmacists, and nurses at a Preoperative...
Introduction of a Multidisciplinary Preoperative Clinic at Juntendo University Hospital - A Retrospective Observational Study Focusing on Effects of Preoperative Interventions on Clinical Outcomes.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the effects of interventions provided by a multidisciplinary team consisting of anesthesiologists, dentists, pharmacists, and nurses at a Preoperative Clinic (POC) on postoperative outcomes.
METHODS
We retrospectively investigated patients who underwent preoperative evaluation at the POC at Juntendo University Hospital between May and July, 2019. Patients were divided into intervention and non-intervention groups according to whether they received intervention(s) at the POC or not. Postoperative outcomes were compared between the groups, before and after propensity score (PS) matching.
RESULTS
We investigated 909 patients who completed POC evaluation and underwent surgery. Patients in the intervention group (n = 455 [50.1%]) received at least one intervention delivered, in the order of higher delivery frequencies, by dentists, pharmacists, nurses, and anesthesiologists. Before PS matching, the intervention group was associated with older age, more frequent cardiovascular comorbidities, and higher ASA-PS grades than the non-intervention group, while neither frequencies nor severities of postoperative complications differed between the groups. These outcomes did not differ between 382 PS-matched pairs with comparable risk factors either.
CONCLUSIONS
Before PS matching, postoperative outcomes did not differ between the groups, although the intervention group was associated with higher risks. These suggested that POC interventions could have improved postoperative outcomes in the higher-risk intervention group to the same level as in the non-intervention group. However, such potential beneficial effects of interventions could not be proven after PS matching. Further studies are required to elucidate effects of POC interventions on postoperative outcomes.
PubMed: 38845727
DOI: 10.14789/jmj.JMJ23-0023-OA -
BDJ Open Jun 2024Professionalism is a dynamic construct that requires constant revision based on contemporary practices and attitudes.
BACKGROUND
Professionalism is a dynamic construct that requires constant revision based on contemporary practices and attitudes.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to cross-culturally adapt an already validated English questionnaire assessing patient perceptions of professionalism among dentists, into the Malay language.
METHODS
An original 24-item questionnaire was cross-cultural adapted in the Malaysian context through two phases. Phase I included content and face validity from experts' evaluation which was followed by translation into the Malay language. Phase II involved psychometric assessment including construct validity and reliability analysis.
RESULTS
Expert evaluation indicated that all items demonstrated excellent content validity for the characteristics of relevance (CVI = 0.75-1.00 Kappa = 0.72-1.00) and clarity (CVI = 0.75-1.00 and Kappa= 0.72-1.00). A total of 300 dental patients completed the questionnaire. EFA was done on the first dataset and the second dataset was subjected to CFA which showed composite reliability (CR) ranging between 0.741 and 0.897 indicating acceptable reliability among items. The final questionnaire had 20 items with 3 domains; Patient expectation of a dental care provider, Ethics and Dentist's professional responsibilities, Patient communication and confidentiality.
CONCLUSION
This study has successfully validated the questionnaire for patient perception of professionalism in the Malaysian context.
PubMed: 38844761
DOI: 10.1038/s41405-024-00234-3