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Planta Medica Jun 2024Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an evolving treatment strategy against human pathogenic microbes such as the species, including the emerging pathogen ....
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an evolving treatment strategy against human pathogenic microbes such as the species, including the emerging pathogen . Using a modified EUCAST protocol, the light-enhanced antifungal activity of the natural compound parietin was explored. The photoactivity was evaluated against three separate strains of five yeasts, and its molecular mode of action was analysed via several techniques, i.e., cellular uptake, reactive electrophilic species (RES), and singlet oxygen yield. Under experimental conditions ( = 428 nm, H = 30 J/cm, PI = 30 min), microbial growth was inhibited by more than 90% at parietin concentrations as low as c = 0.156 mg/L (0.55 µM) for and , c = 0.313 mg/L (1.10 µM) for , c = 0.625 mg/L (2.20 µM) for , and c = 1.250 mg/L (4.40 µM) for . Mode-of-action analysis demonstrated fungicidal activity. Parietin targets the cell membrane and induces cell death via ROS-mediated lipid peroxidation after light irradiation. In summary, parietin exhibits light-enhanced fungicidal activity against all species tested (including ) and , covering three of the four critical threats on the WHO's most recent fungal priority list.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus neoformans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Candida auris; Light; Candida; Reactive Oxygen Species; Photochemotherapy; Anthraquinones; Photosensitizing Agents
PubMed: 38843798
DOI: 10.1055/a-2249-9110 -
Journal of Nanobiotechnology Jun 2024Adoptive cellular immunotherapy as a promising and alternative cancer therapy platform is critical for future clinical applications. Natural killer (NK) cells have...
Adoptive cellular immunotherapy as a promising and alternative cancer therapy platform is critical for future clinical applications. Natural killer (NK) cells have attracted attention as an important type of innate immune regulatory cells that can rapidly kill multiple adjacent cancer cells. However, these cells are significantly less effective in treating solid tumors than in treating hematological tumors. Herein, we report the synthesis of a FeO-PEG-CD56/Avastin@Ce6 nanoprobe labeled with NK-92 cells that can be used for adoptive cellular immunotherapy, photodynamic therapy and dual-modality imaging-based in vivo fate tracking. The labeled NK-92 cells specifically target the tumor cells, which increases the amount of cancer cell apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, the in vivo results indicate that the labeled NK-92 cells can be used for tumor magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence imaging, adoptive cellular immunotherapy, and photodynamic therapy after tail vein injection. These data show that the developed multifunctional nanostructure is a promising platform for efficient innate immunotherapy, photodynamic treatment and noninvasive therapeutic evaluation of breast cancer.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Humans; Female; Killer Cells, Natural; Animals; Photochemotherapy; Mice; Polyethylene Glycols; Cell Line, Tumor; CD56 Antigen; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Apoptosis; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude
PubMed: 38840120
DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02599-x -
Lasers in Medical Science Jun 2024The aim of this study was to compare two types of light irradiation devices for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). A 660-nm light-emitting diode (LED) and a... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The aim of this study was to compare two types of light irradiation devices for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). A 660-nm light-emitting diode (LED) and a 665-nm laser diode (LD) were used for light irradiation, and 0.1 mg/L TONS 504, a cationic chlorin derivative, was used as the photosensitizer. We evaluated the light attenuation along the vertical and horizontal directions, temperature rise following light irradiation, and aPDT efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus under different conditions: TONS 504 only, light irradiation only, and TONS 504 with either LED (30 J/cm) or LD light irradiation (continuous: 30 J/cm; pulsed: 20 J/cm at 2/3 duty cycle, 10 J/cm at 1/3 duty cycle). Both LED and LD light intensities were inversely proportional to the square of the vertical distance from the irradiated area. Along the horizontal distance from the nadir of the light source, the LED light intensity attenuated according to the cosine quadrature law, while the LD light intensity did not attenuate within the measurable range. Following light irradiation, the temperature rise increased as the TONS 504 concentration increased in the order of pulsed LD < continuous LD < LED irradiation. aPDT with light irradiation only or TONS 504 only had no antimicrobial effect, while aPDT with TONS 504 under continuous or pulsed LD light irradiation provided approximately 3 log reduction at 30 J/cm and 20 J/cm and approximately 2 log reduction at 10 J/cm. TONS 504-aPDT under pulsed LD light irradiation provided anti-microbial effect without significant temperature rise.
Topics: Photochemotherapy; Staphylococcus aureus; Photosensitizing Agents; Humans; Lasers, Semiconductor; Porphyrins; Temperature
PubMed: 38839711
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04103-1 -
Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry Sep 2024A strategy for cancer treatment was implemented, based on chemo-photodynamic therapy, utilizing a novel formulation, low-cost system called Cas-ZnONPs. This system...
A strategy for cancer treatment was implemented, based on chemo-photodynamic therapy, utilizing a novel formulation, low-cost system called Cas-ZnONPs. This system consisted of the incorporation of Casiopeina III-ia (CasIII-ia), a hydrophilic copper coordination compound with well-documented anti-neoplastic activity, on Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) with apoptotic activity and lipophilicity, allowing them to permeate biological barriers. Additionally, ZnONPs exhibited fluorescence, with emission at different wavelengths depending on their agglomeration and enabling real-time tracking biodistribution. Also, ZnONPs served as a sensitizer, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) in situ. In in vitro studies on HeLa and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, a synergistic effect was observed with the impregnated CasIII-ia on ZnONPs. The anticancer activity had an increase in cellular inhibition, depending on the dose of exposure to UV-vis irradiation. In in vivo studies utilized zebrafish models for xenotransplanting stained MDA-MB-231 cells and testing the effectiveness of Cas-ZnONPs treatment. The treatment successfully eliminated cancer cells, both when combined with Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) and when used alone. However, a significantly higher concentration (50 times) of Cas-ZnONPs was required in the absence of PDT. This demonstrates the potential of Cas-ZnONPs in cancer treatment, especially when combined with PDT.
Topics: Humans; Photochemotherapy; Animals; Zebrafish; Antineoplastic Agents; Zinc Oxide; HeLa Cells; Reactive Oxygen Species; Photosensitizing Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Nanoparticles; Apoptosis; Coordination Complexes; Copper
PubMed: 38823065
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112623 -
Frontiers in Chemistry 2024This study investigated the effect of photodynamic therapy on chronic periodontitis patients and then evaluated the microbial, immunological, periodontal, and clinical... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
This study investigated the effect of photodynamic therapy on chronic periodontitis patients and then evaluated the microbial, immunological, periodontal, and clinical outcomes. The significant effects of photodynamic therapy obtained by and studies have made it a popular treatment for periodontal diseases in recent years. Photodynamic therapy is a novel bactericidal strategy that is stronger, faster, and less expensive than scaling and root planing.
METHOD
This study registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021267008) and retrieved fifty-three randomized controlled trials by searching nine databases (Medline, Embase, Scopus, Open Gray, Google Scholar, ProQuest, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov) from 2008 to 2023. Of 721 records identified through database searches following title and full-text analysis, and excluding duplicate and irrelevant publications, 53 articles were included in this systematic review. Fifty of the 53 eligible studies fulfilled all the criteria in the Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI's) Checklist for RCTs; the remaining articles met 9-12 criteria and were considered high quality.
RESULTS
The present study showed that photodynamic therapy in adjunct to scaling and root planing has the potential to improve periodontal parameters such as clinical attachment loss or gain, decrease in bleeding on probing, and probing pocket depth. In addition, photodynamic therapy decreases the rate of periodontal pathogens and inflammation markers, which, in turn, reduces the progression of periodontitis.
CONCLUSION
Photodynamic therapy is considered a promising, adjunctive, and low-cost therapeutic method that is effective in tissue repair, reducing chronic periodontitis, reducing inflammation, and well-tolerated by patients.
PubMed: 38817441
DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1384344 -
Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark... May 2024Due to its non-invasive and widely applicable features, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been a prominent treatment approach against cancer in recent years. However, its...
BACKGROUND
Due to its non-invasive and widely applicable features, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been a prominent treatment approach against cancer in recent years. However, its widespread application in clinical practice is limited by the dark toxicity of photosensitizers and insufficient penetration of light sources. This study assessed the anticancer effects of a novel photosensitizer 5-(4-amino-phenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin with diethylene-triaminopentaacetic acid (ATPP-DTPA)-mediated PDT (hereinafter referred to as ATPP-PDT) under the irradiation of a 450-nm blue laser on colorectal cancer (CRC) and .
METHODS
After 450-nm blue laser-mediated ATPP-PDT and the traditional photosensitizer 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-PDT treatment, cell viability was detected through Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was quantified by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Western blotting and transcriptome RNA sequencing and functional experiments were used to evaluate cell apoptosis and its potential mechanism. Anti-tumor experiment was performed in nude mice with subcutaneous tumors.
RESULTS
ATPP-DTPA had a marvelous absorption in the blue spectrum. Compared with 5-ALA, ATPP-DTPA could achieve significant killing effects at a lower dose. Owing to generating an excessive amount of ROS, 450-nm blue laser-mediated PDT based on ATPP-DTPA resulted in evident growth inhibition and apoptosis in CRC cells . After transcriptome RNA sequencing and functional experiments, p38 MAPK signaling pathway was confirmed to be involved in the regulation of apoptosis induced by 450-nm blue laser-mediated ATPP-PDT. Additionally, animal studies using xenograft model confirmed that ATPP-PDT had excellent anti-tumor effect and reasonable biosafety .
CONCLUSIONS
PDT mediated by 450-nm blue laser combined with ATPP-DTPA may be a novel and effective method for the treatment of CRC.
Topics: Photochemotherapy; Colorectal Neoplasms; Apoptosis; Animals; Photosensitizing Agents; Humans; Mice, Nude; Reactive Oxygen Species; Mice; Cell Line, Tumor; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Lasers; Cell Survival; Aminolevulinic Acid
PubMed: 38812322
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2905199 -
Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark... Apr 2024The review focuses on the recent knowledge on natural anthraquinones (AQs) of plant origin and their potential for application in an exclusive medicinal curative and... (Review)
Review
The review focuses on the recent knowledge on natural anthraquinones (AQs) of plant origin and their potential for application in an exclusive medicinal curative and palliative method named photodynamic therapy (PDT). Green approach to PDT is associated with photosensitizers (PS) from plants or other natural sources and excitation light in visible spectrum. The investigations of plants are of high research interests due to their unique health supportive properties as herbs and the high percentage availability to obtain compounds with medical value. Up-to-date many naturally occurring compounds with therapeutic properties are known and are still under investigations. Some natural quinones have already been evaluated and clinically approved as anti-tumor agents. Recent scientific interests are beyond their common medical applications but also in directions to their photo-properties as natural PSs. The study presents a systematic searches on the latest knowledge on AQ derivatives that are isolated from the higher plants as photosensitizers for PDT applications. The natural quinones have been recognized with functions of natural dyes since the ancient times. Lately, AQs have been explored due to their biological activity including the photosensitive properties useful for PDT especially towards medical problems with no other alternatives. The existing literature' overview suggests that natural AQs possess characteristics of valuable PSs for PDT. This method is based on an application of a photoactive compound and light arrangement in oxygen media, such that the harmful general cytotoxicity could be avoided. Moreover, the common anticancer and antimicrobial drug resistance has been evaluated with very low occurrence after PDT. Natural AQs have been focused the scientific efforts to further developments because of the high range of natural sources, desirable biocompatibility, low toxicity, minimal side effects and low accident of drug resistance, together with their good photosensitivity and therapeutic capacity. Among the known AQs, only hypericin has been studied in anticancer clinical PDT. Currently, the natural PSs are under intensive research for the future PDT applications for diseases without alternative effective treatments.
Topics: Anthraquinones; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Humans; Plants
PubMed: 38812303
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2905168 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Jul 2024Lung cancer is one of the common forms of cancer that affects both men and women and is regarded as the leading cause of cancer related deaths. It is characterized by...
Lung cancer is one of the common forms of cancer that affects both men and women and is regarded as the leading cause of cancer related deaths. It is characterized by unregulated cell division of altered cells within the lung tissues. Green nanotechnology is a promising therapeutic option that is adopted in cancer research. Dicoma anomala (D. anomala) is one of the commonly used African medicinal plant in the treatment of different medical conditions including cancer. In the present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using D. anomala MeOH root extract. We evaluated the anticancer efficacy of the synthesized AgNPs as an individual treatment as well as in combination with pheophorbide a (PPBa) mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) in vitro. UV-VIS spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used to confirm the formation of D.A AgNPs. Post 24 h treatment, A549 cells were evaluated for ATP proliferation, morphological changes supported by LIVE/DEAD assay, and caspase activities. All experiments were repeated four times (n=4), with findings being analysed using SPSS statistical software version 27 set at 0.95 confidence interval. The results from the present study revealed a dose-dependent decrease in cell proliferation in both individual and combination therapy of PPBa mediated PDT and D.A AgNPs on A549 lung cancer cells with significant morphological changes. Additionally, LIVE/DEAD assay displayed a significant increase in the number of dead cell population in individual treatments (i.e., IC's treated A549 cells) as well as in combination therapy. In conclusion, the findings from this study demonstrated the anticancer efficacy of green synthesized AgNPs as a mono-therapeutic drug as well as in combination with a chlorophyll derivative PPBa in PDT. Taken together, the findings highlight the therapeutic potential of green nanotechnology in medicine.
Topics: Humans; Silver; Metal Nanoparticles; A549 Cells; Lung Neoplasms; Plant Extracts; Apoptosis; Green Chemistry Technology; Chlorophyll; Photochemotherapy; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival
PubMed: 38810403
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116845 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2024Numerous failures in melanoma treatment as a highly aggressive form of skin cancer with an unfavorable prognosis and excessive resistance to conventional therapies are...
PURPOSE
Numerous failures in melanoma treatment as a highly aggressive form of skin cancer with an unfavorable prognosis and excessive resistance to conventional therapies are prompting an urgent search for more effective therapeutic tools. Consequently, to increase the treatment efficiency and to reduce the side effects of traditional administration ways, herein, it has become crucial to combine photodynamic therapy as a promising therapeutic approach with the selectivity and biocompatibility of a novel colloidal transdermal nanoplatform for effective delivery of hybrid cargo with synergistic effects on melanoma cells.
METHODS
The self-assembled bilosomes, co-stabilized with L-α-phosphatidylcholine, sodium cholate, Pluronic P123, and cholesterol, were designated, and the stability of colloidal vesicles was studied using dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering, also provided in cell culture medium (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium). The hybrid compounds - a classical photosensitizer (Methylene Blue) along with a complementary natural polyphenolic agent (curcumin), were successfully co-loaded, as confirmed by UV-Vis, ATR-FTIR, and fluorescent spectroscopies. The biocompatibility and usefulness of the polymer functionalized bilosome with loaded double cargo were demonstrated in vitro cyto- and phototoxicity experiments using normal keratinocytes and melanoma cancer cells.
RESULTS
The in vitro bioimaging and immunofluorescence study upon human skin epithelial (A375) and malignant (Me45) melanoma cell lines established the protective effect of the PEGylated bilosome surface. This effect was confirmed in cytotoxicity experiments, also determined on human cutaneous (HaCaT) keratinocytes. The flow cytometry experiments indicated the enhanced uptake of the encapsulated hybrid cargo compared to the non-loaded MB and CUR molecules, as well as a selectivity of the obtained nanocarriers upon tumor cell lines. The phyto-photodynamic action provided 24h-post irradiation revealed a more significant influence of the nanoplatform on Me45 cells in contrast to the A375 cell line, causing the cell viability rate below 20% of the control.
CONCLUSION
As a result, we established an innovative and effective strategy for potential metastatic melanoma treatment through the synergism of phyto-photodynamic therapy and novel bilosomal-origin nanophotosensitizers.
Topics: Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Melanoma; Photochemotherapy; Cell Line, Tumor; Photosensitizing Agents; Curcumin; Nanomedicine; Cell Survival; Liposomes; Cholesterol; Phosphatidylcholines; Sodium Cholate; Drug Delivery Systems; Poloxalene
PubMed: 38808148
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S450181 -
Lasers in Medical Science May 2024Conventional approaches for enhancing wound healing may not always yield satisfactory results. Instead, we test the effectiveness of a newly developed photodynamic...
PURPOSE
Conventional approaches for enhancing wound healing may not always yield satisfactory results. Instead, we test the effectiveness of a newly developed photodynamic therapy (PDT) that uses methylene blue (MB) loaded with polyethylene glycol (PEG) (MB-PEG) hydrogel to accelerate wound healing process in mice.
METHODS
A dorsal skin incision with 6 mm punch which topically subjected to MB-PEG hydrogel and a low-level laser light of red light to assess the regeneration process of wounded skin. A total of 63 adult male CD1 mice divided into normal group (no treatment) and other wound groups received different treatments of laser (650 ± 5 nm and power intensity of 180 mW/cm), MB-PEG, or PDT (MB-PEG followed by laser). The wound healing parameters were investigated by histological examination of the skin and measuring of proinflammatory cytokines at the early stage (48 h) and a late one on day 21.
RESULTS
at 48 h, the score of tissue granulation, inflammation, and angiogenesis process were markedly improved in wounded groups that received MB + PEG combined with laser compared to the group treated with laser alone. On day 21, a significant improvement of the inflammation was detected in the group treated with MB + PEG plus laser compared to the other groups. At 48 h, the upregulated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β in the wound group were significantly (P < 0.001) reduced in the group treated with MB + PEG combined with laser.
CONCLUSION
MB-PEG based hydrogel improves and accelerates wound closure in the context of laser compared to either single treatment.
Topics: Animals; Wound Healing; Mice; Photochemotherapy; Polyethylene Glycols; Methylene Blue; Male; Skin; Hydrogels; Photosensitizing Agents; Cytokines
PubMed: 38801600
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04084-1