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International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2023Driven by the growing threat of cancer, many research efforts are directed at developing new chemotherapeutic agents, where the central role is played by transition...
Driven by the growing threat of cancer, many research efforts are directed at developing new chemotherapeutic agents, where the central role is played by transition metal complexes. The proper ligand design serves as a key factor to unlock the anticancer potential of a particular metal center. Following a recent trend, we have prepared unsymmetrical pincer ligands that combine benzothiazole and thiocarbamate donor groups. These compounds are shown to readily undergo direct cyclopalladation, affording the target ,,-type Pd(II) pincer complexes both in solution and in the absence of a solvent. The solid-phase strategy provided the complexes in an efficient and ecologically friendly manner. The resulting palladacycles are fully characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy and, in one case, by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD). The solvent-free reactions are additionally analyzed by powder XRD. The pincer complexes exhibit remarkable cytotoxicity against several solid and blood cancer cell lines, including human colorectal carcinoma (HCT116), breast cancer (MCF7), prostate adenocarcinoma (PC3), chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562), multiple plasmacytoma (AMO1), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (H9), with the dimethylamino-substituted derivative being particularly effective. The latter also induced an appreciable level of apoptosis in both parental and doxorubicin-resistant cells K562 and K562/iS9, vindicating the high anticancer potential of this type of palladacycles.
Topics: Humans; Solvents; Coordination Complexes; Neoplasms; Benzothiazoles; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
PubMed: 38139160
DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417331 -
International Journal of Surgery Case... Jan 2024Plasmacytoma is a rare hematological malignancy with a more favorable prognosis than multiple myeloma. This case report focuses on a unique solitary bone plasmacytoma...
INTRODUCTION
Plasmacytoma is a rare hematological malignancy with a more favorable prognosis than multiple myeloma. This case report focuses on a unique solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP) at the craniovertebral junction (CVJ), managed through surgery and radiotherapy.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 50-year-old patient presented with four months of worsening neck pain and cervicobrachial neuralgia. Despite treatment and physiotherapy, symptoms persisted. Clinical examination revealed neck stiffness, with no motor or sensory deficits. Radiographs and MRI showed an infiltrating axis lesion without instability signs. A CT-guided biopsy yielded inconclusive results. To address instability and establish a diagnosis, a curettage biopsy of the C2 posterior arch was performed, followed by occipito-C4 fusion using an iliac crest graft. Histological examination confirmed SBP. Adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy were administered. At four-year follow-up, there was no multiple myeloma progression, but limited neck mobility were reported, with stable fusion observed on imaging.
DISCUSSION
Solitary bone plasmacytoma primarily affects the axial skeleton, with rare upper cervical spine involvement. Diagnostic criteria include histological confirmation, normal bone marrow analysis, unremarkable imaging (except for the primary lesion), and absence of end-organ damage related to lymphoplasmacytic proliferative disorders. Clinical presentation is nonspecific, and MRI is valuable for soft tissue assessment. Radiotherapy is the primary treatment, with surgery reserved for specific indications.
CONCLUSION
Solitary bone plasmacytoma is a rare condition with a favorable prognosis when promptly managed. This case underscores the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to prevent recurrence or multiple myeloma progression. A multidisciplinary approach, including surgery when necessary, is crucial for optimal outcomes.
PubMed: 38128293
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.109176 -
Indian Journal of Pathology &... 2023Myelomatous pleural effusion (MPE) is a very rare condition with a poor prognosis. In our case of multiple myeloma (MM) with early recurrence presenting with a MPE,...
Myelomatous pleural effusion (MPE) is a very rare condition with a poor prognosis. In our case of multiple myeloma (MM) with early recurrence presenting with a MPE, management of the treatment is discussed together with the case presentation. A 35 year old female patient with a diagnosis of lambda light chain MM presented with complaints of dyspnea and pain in the left shoulder 2 months after autologous transplantation. On physical examination, respiratory sounds were decreased in the lower lobe of the left lung and there was dullness. Pleural effusion and plasmacytoma, more prominent on the left, were detected on chest X ray and thorax computed tomography (CT). The pleural fluid collected during therapeutic thoracentesis was examined by flow cytometry, cytology, and peripheral smear examination and as a result, the patient was considered to have early recurrence after autologous transplantation, DRd chemotherapy was immediately started, and clinical and radiological improvement was observed. Pleural effusion developing in patients with MM should be evaluated in terms of MPE. In the presence of MPE, the duration of response to treatment is short, thus effective and dynamic treatment methods for bridging should be used before referral of the patients to clinical trials and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adult; Multiple Myeloma; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Transplantation, Autologous; Pleural Effusion; Exudates and Transudates
PubMed: 38084549
DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_1233_21 -
Brain Pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) Mar 2024
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Scalp; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Skull Neoplasms
PubMed: 38056600
DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13224 -
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and... Dec 2023Plasmacytomas are localized monoclonal plasma cell lesions with no evidence of systemic involvement which are divided into solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP) and...
Plasmacytomas are localized monoclonal plasma cell lesions with no evidence of systemic involvement which are divided into solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP) and extra-medullary plasmacytoma (EMP). The diagnosis of plasmacytomas (PCM) in the oral regions is challenging given the atypical clinical manifestations and low frequency. Here, we report an extremely rare case of plasmacytoma in an elderly male which initially appeared to be arising from the left buccal mucosa on clinical examination but after radiological imaging and intra-operative findings, the epicentre was found to be in the left infratemporal fossa (ITF). The patient underwent en-bloc compartment resection with high clearance of the ITF which proved to be an effective management strategy. It is crucial for the head and neck surgeon to be aware of the solitary bone plasmacytoma in the oral and maxillofacial region in order to identify it early and provide these patients with the best care possible before complications arise.
PubMed: 38027534
DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-03875-2 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2023The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic middle pancreatectomy in the treatment of benign and junctional tumors of the pancreas.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic middle pancreatectomy in the treatment of benign and junctional tumors of the pancreas.
METHODS
Retrospective analysis of basic data, tumor diameter, statistical analysis, and evaluation of efficacy-related indicators such as operative time, intraoperative bleeding, pathological findings, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative pancreatic fistula incidence, and pancreatic endocrine function was carried out on 17 patients diagnosed with benign or low-grade malignant tumors of the pancreas and laparoscopic middle pancreatic resection from January 2018 to January 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University.
RESULTS
A total of 17 patients were screened. There were eight males and nine females; mean age was 42.8 ± 17.4 years (range: 15-69 years); BMI was 22.6 ± 2.5 kg/m2 (range: 18.4-27.5 kg/m2), and the tumor size was 3.4 ± 1.2 cm (range: 1.5-5.5 cm). Preoperative glycan antigen CA19-9 was negative and CA125 was negative. Surgical time was 393.2 ± 57.9 min; intraoperative bleeding was 211.7 ± 113.9 ml; tumor diameter size was 3.4 ± 1.2 cm; postoperative admission time was 19.4 ± 7.6 days; postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) grading was 17 cases, including nine cases of A-grade fistula, three cases of B-grade fistula, and none of C-grade fistula; postoperative pathology results were five cases of plasmacytoma, three cases of mucinous cystadenoma, four cases of SPN (solid pseudopapillary neoplasm), one case of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm (IPMN), three cases of pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm (pNEN), one case of inflammatory myofibroblastic osteoblastoma. All cases did not develop pancreatic origin diabetes or exacerbation of previous diabetes, and no cases presented symptoms of exocrine insufficiency such as dyspepsia and diarrhea.
CONCLUSION
Laparoscopic middle pancreatectomy is safe and feasible in the treatment of benign or low-grade malignant tumors in the body of the pancreatic neck and is not accompanied by increased risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications and endocrine dysfunction of the pancreas.
PubMed: 38023120
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1231647 -
A Case Report of Plasmacytoma in a 28-Year-Old Patient: Bridging the Age Gap in a Rare Presentation.Cureus Oct 2023Plasmacytoma, an uncommon malignancy originating from plasma cells, predominantly manifests in the elderly demographic. However, its incidence among young adults remains...
Plasmacytoma, an uncommon malignancy originating from plasma cells, predominantly manifests in the elderly demographic. However, its incidence among young adults remains infrequent. Herein, we present a case involving a 28-year-old young adult diagnosed with solitary bone plasmacytoma. The patient presented with acute exacerbation of chronic lower back pain of two years, which, upon hospitalization, was attributed to a lumbar spine compression fracture. Comprehensive blood analysis, imaging studies, and pathology assessments suggested the likelihood of solitary plasmacytoma, devoid of indicators characteristic of multiple myeloma (MM). The patient was given symptomatic treatment and underwent surgical spine decompression, followed by the commencement of radiation therapy to address the malignancy. Subsequent to radiotherapeutic intervention, a noteworthy amelioration in pain and overall condition was observed. This case report assumes importance due to the insight it provides into the natural progression of solitary plasmacytoma. Patients with pathological fractures warrant thorough assessment for solitary plasmacytoma, necessitating vigilant monitoring for its potential evolution into MM. This case serves as a pertinent illustration of the need to expand our existing knowledge of solitary bone plasmacytoma, moving beyond the conventional notion that it predominantly afflicts the elderly population.
PubMed: 38022027
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47671 -
Journal of Bone Oncology Dec 2023Acquired drug-resistance is the major risk factor for poor prognosis and short-term survival in patients with osteosarcoma (OS). Accumulating evidence has revealed that...
BACKGROUND
Acquired drug-resistance is the major risk factor for poor prognosis and short-term survival in patients with osteosarcoma (OS). Accumulating evidence has revealed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), including plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1), play potential regulatory roles in the malignant development of OS. Considering the subcellular distribution of PVT1 as both nuclear and cytoplasmic lncRNA, a thorough exploration of its extensive mechanisms becomes essential.
METHODS
The GEO database was utilized for the acquisition of gene expression data, which was subsequently analyzed to fulfill the research objectives. The subcellular localization of PVT1 in OS cells was determined using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Additionally, the sensitivity of OS cells to doxorubicin was comprehensively evaluated through measurements of cell viability, site-specific proliferation capacity, and the relative expression abundance of multidrug resistance-related proteins (MRPs). In order to investigate the differential response of OS cells with varying levels of PVT1 expression to doxorubicin, pulmonary metastasis mice models were established for in studies. Molecular interactions were further examined using the dual-luciferase assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay (RIP) to analyze the binding sites of miR-15a-5p and miR-15b-5p on PVT1 and G1/S-specific cyclinD1 (CCND1) mRNA. Furthermore, the chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and dual-luciferase assay were employed to assess the transcriptional activation of the proto-oncogene c-myc (MYC) on the CCND1 promoter and identify the corresponding binding sites.
RESULTS
In doxorubicin resistant OS cells, transcription levels of PVT1, MYC and CCND1 were significantly higher than those in original cells. In experiments demonstrated that OS cells rich in PVT1 expression exhibited enhanced tumorigenicity and resistance to doxorubicin. In experiments, it has been observed that overexpression of PVT1 in OS cells is accompanied by an upregulation of CCND1, thereby facilitating resistance to doxorubicin. Nonetheless, this PVT1-induced resistance can be effectively attenuated by the knockdown of CCND1. Mechanistically, PVT1 functions as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that influences the expression of CCND1 by inhibiting the degradation function of miR-15a-5p and miR-15b-5p on CCND1 mRNA. Additionally, as a neighboring gene of MYC, PVT1 plays a role in maintaining MYC protein stability, which further enhances MYC-dependent CCND1 transcriptional activity.
CONCLUSION
The resistance of OS cells to doxorubicin is facilitated by PVT1, which enhances the expression of CCND1 through a dual mechanism. This findings offer a novel perspective for comprehending the intricate regulatory mechanisms of long non-coding RNA in influencing the expression of coding genes.
PubMed: 38021073
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2023.100512 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2023Myeloma is one of the most common types of haematological malignancies. We aimed to investigate the incidence rates of myeloma by sex, race, age, and histological...
Myeloma is one of the most common types of haematological malignancies. We aimed to investigate the incidence rates of myeloma by sex, race, age, and histological subgroups in the United States (US) over 2000-2020. Data were retrieved from the the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 22 database. The International Classification of Diseases for Oncology version 3 morphological codes 9731, 9732, and 9734 were assigned for solitary plasmacytoma of bone, plasma cell myeloma, and extraosseous plasmacytoma, respectively. Average annual percent change (AAPC) and the pairwise comparison with the parallelism and coincidence were reported. All estimates were reported as counts and age-adjusted incidence rates per 100,000 individuals. Over 2000-2019, most of myeloma cases were among those aged at least 55 years (85.51%), men (54.82%), and non-Hispanic Whites (66.67%). Among different subtypes, plasma cell myeloma with 193,530 cases had the highest frequency over the same period. Also, there was a significant decrease in the age-standardized incidence rate of myeloma across all races/ethnicities in both sexes within all age groups (AAPC: - 8.02; 95% confidence interval (CI): - 10.43 to - 5.61) and those aged < 55 (AAPC: - 8.64; 95% CI - 11.02 to - 6.25) from 2019 to November 2020. The overall trends of myeloma incidence rates were not parallel, nor identical. There was an increase in myeloma incidence in both sexes, with a highly increasing rate, particularly among younger Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black women over 2000-2019. However, a remarkable decline was observed in the incidence rates following the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; United States; Multiple Myeloma; Plasmacytoma; Incidence; Pandemics; SEER Program; White
PubMed: 38001246
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47906-y