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Medicine Jun 2024To explore the effects of tracking linkage self-management mode on the compliance of prenatal examinations and delivery modes in primiparas. A total of 270 primiparas... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
To explore the effects of tracking linkage self-management mode on the compliance of prenatal examinations and delivery modes in primiparas. A total of 270 primiparas undergoing prenatal examinations in Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital were enrolled for prospective study between January 2021 and January 2022. They were divided into control group and observation group, 135 cases in each group. The control group was given routine management mode, while observation group was given tracking linkage self-management mode. All were intervened till discharge. The compliance (time and frequency of prenatal examinations), cognition of prenatal examinations, score of exercise of self-care agency scale, self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale, delivery modes and the occurrence of neonatal adverse outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. After intervention, total compliance rate of prenatal examinations in observation group was higher than that in control group (84.44% vs 72.59%) (P < .05). The scores of pregnancy care, genetic diseases counseling, prevention of birth defects and reasonable nutrition during pregnancy in observation group were higher than those in control group (P < .05), scores of health cognition, self-care skills, self-care responsibility and self-concept were higher than those in control group (P < .05), scores of self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale were lower than those in control group (P < .05), natural delivery rate was higher than that in control group (85.93% vs 74.81%) (P < .05), and incidence of neonatal adverse outcomes was lower than that in control group (0.74% vs 5.93%) (Fisher exact probability = 0.036). The application of tracking linkage self-management mode can significantly improve cognition to prenatal examinations, improve compliance of prenatal examinations and self-care ability, relieve anxiety and depression, increase natural delivery rate and reduce the incidence of neonatal adverse outcomes in primiparas.
Topics: Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Adult; Self-Management; Prospective Studies; Patient Compliance; Prenatal Care; Delivery, Obstetric; Parity; Self Care
PubMed: 38941437
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038494 -
Medicine Jun 2024To investigate the effect of case management (CM) based on the Omaha system on clinical symptoms and quality of life (QOL) of coronary heart disease patients after... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
To investigate the effect of case management (CM) based on the Omaha system on clinical symptoms and quality of life (QOL) of coronary heart disease patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Patients with coronary heart disease after their first PCI in the People's Hospital of Longhua in Shenzhen were randomly divided into a control group (received CM based on the Omaha system) and an observation group (received routine nursing) using a random number table. Nursing problems and the knowledge-behavior-status (KBS) score of patients were evaluated on the day after surgery, on the day before discharge, at 5 weeks after discharge, and at 12 weeks after discharge. The QOL of patients was evaluated using the coronary intervention coronary revascularization outcome questionnaire (CROQ-PTCA-Post, Chinese version) score on the day after surgery and at 12 weeks after discharge. A total of 104 patients completed the study (51 in the control group, 53 in the observation group). There were no significant differences in baseline data between the 2 groups (P gr.05). The main nursing problems were circulation, mental health, and pain in both groups on the day after surgery, whereas they were circulation, sleep and rest, and mental health after nursing. There were no significant differences in the KBS scores of the co-existing nursing problems on the day after surgery (P Th.05). The KBS scores of the co-existing nursing problems were significantly increased between the 2 groups (P < .01) on the day before discharge and at 5 weeks and 12 weeks after discharge. The KBS scores of the most co-existing nursing problems in the observation group were significantly higher at 12 weeks after discharge than at the day before discharge and at 5 weeks after discharge. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the CROQ-PTCA-Post scores on the first day after surgery between the 2 groups (P gr.05). These scores were significantly increased between the 2 groups at 12 weeks after discharge (P < .01). CM based on the Omaha system for patients after PCI can effectively improve the KBS scores and QOL of PCI patients with postoperative nursing problems, making this approach worthy of clinical promotion.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Male; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Female; Middle Aged; Coronary Disease; Case Management; Aged; Surveys and Questionnaires; China
PubMed: 38941436
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038553 -
Medicine Jun 2024This is a prospective cohort study to investigate the effects of instrumented lumbar fusion surgery on psychiatric problems, including anxiety, insomnia, and depression,... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
This is a prospective cohort study to investigate the effects of instrumented lumbar fusion surgery on psychiatric problems, including anxiety, insomnia, and depression, in patients with degenerative spinal stenosis, as well as on pain and the activities of daily living. Surgery was performed in the patients with Schizas grade C or D spinal stenosis with; if a patient's quality of life was impaired for at least 3 months or if patient had neurologic deficits. Finally, 69 patients were reviewed. Beck anxiety inventory, insomnia severity index, geriatric depression scale short form-Korean, visual analog scale for back pain, visual analog scale for leg pain, and Oswestry disability index was measured on the day surgery was decided on (T1), the day before surgery (T2), the day before discharge (T3), and 6 months after surgery (T4). The patients had mild degrees of anxiety, insomnia, and depression at T1, and Beck anxiety inventory, insomnia severity index, visual analog scale for back pain, visual analog scale for leg pain, and Oswestry disability index improved significantly by T4. In elderly patients with degenerative spinal stenosis, instrumented lumbar fusion surgery improves not only pain and activities of daily living, but also anxiety and insomnia. However, there was no improvement in depression over the 6-month follow-up period.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Spinal Stenosis; Female; Male; Spinal Fusion; Prospective Studies; Lumbar Vertebrae; Activities of Daily Living; Anxiety; Quality of Life; Depression; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Aged, 80 and over; Pain Measurement; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38941422
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038719 -
Medicine Jun 2024Old age is associated with a higher risk of dementia. Psychosocial characteristics frequently affect cognitive function; however, the exact mechanism underlying the...
Effects of psychosocial characteristics on cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults: Focusing on change by year using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging panel data (2014-2018).
Old age is associated with a higher risk of dementia. Psychosocial characteristics frequently affect cognitive function; however, the exact mechanism underlying the effect of psychosocial factors on cognitive function is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of psychosocial characteristics on cognitive function. The participants comprised 4809 middle-aged and older (years 50+) adults. The analysis used data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging from 2014 to 2018. The effects of neighborhood interaction, depression, life satisfaction, and economic activity on cognitive function were examined, and a linear mixed model analysis was performed to assess the change in cognitive function by year. A statistically significant association was found between neighborhood interaction and time. Additionally, cognitive function decreased in the presence of depression and with time. In men, significant interactions were found between depression and time and between economic activity and time. In women, significant interactions were found between life satisfaction and time. The findings indicate that since active neighborhood interaction positively affects cognitive function, it is necessary to develop various community-wide social activity programs for middle-aged and older adults. As depression is a risk factor for cognitive impairment, it is crucial to prevent cognitive decline through continuous management of depression. Given the positive effects of economic activity on cognitive function in men, it is essential to expand infrastructure to sustain economic activity by developing educational programs and creating job opportunities for middle-aged and older men.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Longitudinal Studies; Middle Aged; Republic of Korea; Aged; Cognition; Depression; Personal Satisfaction; Cognitive Dysfunction; Residence Characteristics; Aging; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38941412
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038637 -
Medicine Jun 2024Understanding the knowledge and attitudes of university students regarding organ transplantation and donation is crucial, as these students can significantly influence...
BACKGROUND
Understanding the knowledge and attitudes of university students regarding organ transplantation and donation is crucial, as these students can significantly influence public opinion and behavior. This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitudes of North Cyprus University students towards organ transplantation and donation.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 400 students from Northern Cyprus University, divided into medical and social science faculties. A structured questionnaire was utilized to assess their knowledge and attitudes towards organ transplantation and donation. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and effect size calculations were employed for data analysis.
RESULTS
Among the 400 students, 27% demonstrated sufficient knowledge of organ transplantation, and 62.7% had positive views on organ donation. Willingness to donate was expressed by 37% as living donors and 64% as deceased donors. There were no significant differences in knowledge and attitudes between medical and social science students. Factors such as sex, marital status, faculty, and contact with individuals with end-stage organ failure did not significantly influence the knowledge and attitudes.
CONCLUSIONS
This study highlights the necessity for educational interventions and awareness campaigns to improve understanding and attitudes towards organ donation among Northern Cyprus University students. Incorporating organ donation education into university curricula, providing accurate online information, addressing misconceptions, and promoting awareness of donation centers and transplant hospitals are essential steps to mitigate organ shortages. Public engagement should be encouraged to foster a supportive environment for organ donation.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cyprus; Male; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Tissue and Organ Procurement; Universities; Students; Young Adult; Organ Transplantation; Adult; Surveys and Questionnaires; Adolescent
PubMed: 38941404
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038701 -
Medicine Jun 2024To identify the relationship between leadership and work readiness in a cohort of new head nurses in China. This cross-sectional study enrolled 225 newly appointed head...
To identify the relationship between leadership and work readiness in a cohort of new head nurses in China. This cross-sectional study enrolled 225 newly appointed head nurses in public tertiary hospitals in China, which were selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using online questionnaires that included a sociodemographic characteristics form, the Nursing Managers Leadership Scale (NMLS), and the New Nurse Leaders' Job Readiness Scale (NNLJRS). IBM SPSS v.25 was used for statistical analysis. The overall mean scores of NMLS (100.50 ± 17.64) and NNLJRS (111.90 ± 15.84) of the 225 new nurse leaders were at moderate levels. The results of the Pearson correlation analysis and the hierarchical regression analysis further indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between leadership and work readiness of new head nurses (r = 0.85, P < .001), as well as charisma (β = 0.19, P < .01), affinity (β = 0.18, P < .01), coordination ability (β = 0.32, P < .01), and motivational ability (β = 0.21, P < .01) in leadership were found to be positively associated with work readiness. This study found that the leadership and work readiness of the new head nurses still needed improvement. A significant relationship was found between these 2 variables, and charisma, affinity, coordination ability, and motivational ability in the leadership ability of the new head nurses facilitated the level of work readiness. Nursing administration should create a leadership development series program focusing on the development of charisma, affinity, coordination ability, and motivational ability to support the work readiness of new nurse managers and help them with role transition.
Topics: Humans; Leadership; Cross-Sectional Studies; China; Female; Male; Adult; Surveys and Questionnaires; Nurse Administrators; Nursing Staff, Hospital; Young Adult
PubMed: 38941399
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038731 -
Medicine Jun 2024There has been significant interest in the changes in menstrual cycles following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection or vaccination. This study aimed to...
There has been significant interest in the changes in menstrual cycles following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection or vaccination. This study aimed to investigate the evidence for such changes and their potential risk factors. We used a descriptive study design and gathered data by sharing an online survey questionnaire on social media platforms. The questionnaire included questions regarding sociodemographic factors, menstrual cycle changes, and COVID-19 anxiety. The study population comprised women aged 18 to 49 years from Izmir. All data analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 21.0. The risk factors influencing menstrual irregularities were determined after the COVID binary logistic regression analysis, including univariate and multivariate models. Among the 465 participants, those with an associate's degree had a significantly higher risk of menstrual irregularities than those with a high school diploma (P = .012). Anxiety scores emerged as a significant risk factor for menstrual cycle irregularities (P = .026). However, neither COVID-19 infection nor vaccination resulted in significant changes in the menstrual cycle characteristics (P > .05). Other sociodemographic variables, such as age, body mass index, and smoking, were not significantly associated with menstrual cycle changes(P > .05). The study findings suggest that educational level and anxiety may play a role in menstrual irregularities, whereas COVID-19 infection or vaccination itself may not directly affect menstrual cycle.
Topics: Humans; Female; COVID-19; Adult; Risk Factors; Anxiety; Middle Aged; Young Adult; Adolescent; COVID-19 Vaccines; Menstruation Disturbances; SARS-CoV-2; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vaccination; Educational Status
PubMed: 38941384
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038771 -
PloS One 2024Biomedical research collaborations are to be contextualized in the larger global health agenda which also opens up new information pathways, expands research networks,...
Biomedical research collaborations are to be contextualized in the larger global health agenda which also opens up new information pathways, expands research networks, and brings additional resources. A qualitative inquiry was employed to understand the perceived benefits and challenges of research collaborations by biomedical scientists from India (Global South [GS] country) and the Global North (GN). In-depth interviews were conducted with 47 biomedical scientists from India and 06 from the GN. The data was analyzed using the grounded theory approach. Complementarity of skills and resources, access to funds, improved quality of work, an opportunity to conduct multi-centric studies, development of collaborative networks, better and larger number of publications, mutual learning, opportunity to work with credible researchers, address common interests, leverage interpersonal and trusted relationships and larger societal good were some of the critical factors for eagerness of participants in joint scientific endeavors. However, the challenging aspects of dissent and disagreements were the power imbalance between the collaborators, the development of a trust deficit, and local administrative issues. The challenges reported in the current publication, also echoed in several previous publications can be surmounted and negotiated amicably when the rules of the game, law of the land, sharing of the credits, and interest of the collaborating parties are addressed and agreed up in a fair and just manner before the start of the collaboration. Overall biomedical partnerships are complex collaborations with its challenges, the processes are dynamic and outcomes are emergent. This requires constant and proactive evolution of the preparation, implementation and sustainability of the collaborative efforts be it national or international.
Topics: India; Humans; Biomedical Research; Research Personnel; Cooperative Behavior; Female; Male; International Cooperation
PubMed: 38941353
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305159 -
PloS One 2024This study began as a single-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) to investigate the efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for severe... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
This study began as a single-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) to investigate the efficacy and safety of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for severe treatment-refractory agitation in advanced dementia. The aims are to assess agitation reduction using the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI), evaluate tolerability and safety outcomes, and explore the long-term stability of agitation reduction and global functioning. Due to challenges encountered during implementation, including recruitment obstacles and operational difficulties, the study design was modified to an open-label format and other protocol amendments were implemented.
METHODS
Initially, the RCT randomized participants 1:1 to either ECT plus usual care or simulated ECT plus usual care (S-ECT) groups. As patients were enrolled, data were collected from both ECT and simulated ECT (S-ECT) patients. The study now continues in an open-label study design where all patients receive actual ECT, reducing the targeted sample size from 200 to 50 participants.
RESULTS
Study is ongoing and open to enrollment.
CONCLUSION
The transition of the ECT-AD study design from an RCT to open-label design exemplifies adaptive research methodologies in response to real-world challenges. Data from both the RCT and open-label phases of the study will provide a unique perspective on the role of ECT in managing severe treatment-refractory agitation in dementia, potentially influencing future clinical practices and research approaches.
Topics: Humans; Electroconvulsive Therapy; Psychomotor Agitation; Dementia; Single-Blind Method; Female; Male; Treatment Outcome; Aged; Aberrant Motor Behavior in Dementia
PubMed: 38941338
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303894 -
PloS One 2024The global rise in diabetes, particularly in India, poses a significant public health challenge, with factors such as limited awareness, financial strain, and cultural...
BACKGROUND
The global rise in diabetes, particularly in India, poses a significant public health challenge, with factors such as limited awareness, financial strain, and cultural considerations hindering its effective management. Although lifestyle changes have shown promising results, their consistent implementation and maintenance continue to pose challenges. Most studies have focused primarily on dietary modifications, overlooking other essential aspects of lifestyle intervention. The DiRemI study aims to address these gaps by evaluating the efficacy of a comprehensive one-year program that combines diet, exercise, psychological support, and medical management to achieve weight loss, diabetes remission, and improved glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in India, while also considering the unique needs of the Indian population.
METHODS
The DiRemI study is a prospective, open-label, matched-group trial aimed at assessing the impact of a one-year online integrated intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) comprising dietary modifications, physical activity, psychological support, and medical management on weight loss and remission in adult T2D patients (aged 30-70 years), with a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 35 kg/m2, and disease duration of <15 years. ILI will be compared with routine medical care (RMC). Participants will be recruited from three clinics: one providing ILI and two others providing RMC. The co-primary outcome will be weight loss and remission at 12 months, with a follow-up at 18 months. The proposed sample size is 360 participants (180 each in intervention and control group).
DISCUSSION
The DiRemI study represents the first large-scale remission study in India to show the effectiveness of an integrated approach in the remission and management of T2D and its complications. The findings of this study hold the potential to report evidence-based strategies for managing T2D both in India and globally, thus alleviating the substantial burden of diabetes on public health systems.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Clinical Trials Registry, India (Registered Number: CTRI/2023/06/053885).
Topics: Humans; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; India; Prospective Studies; Middle Aged; Adult; Female; Male; Aged; Weight Loss; Exercise; Life Style; Remission Induction; Body Mass Index
PubMed: 38941311
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306394