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Alarming levels of inadequate intake of B group vitamins in tribal lactating women from South India.Journal of Public Health Research Jan 2024Micronutrients are necessary for proper growth and development of the human body, though required in small amounts. Dietary intake of these micronutrients by lactating...
BACKGROUND
Micronutrients are necessary for proper growth and development of the human body, though required in small amounts. Dietary intake of these micronutrients by lactating women is essential for their own health as well as children's overall growth and development. objective of present study is to assess the adequacy of dietary B-group vitamins intake during lactation and to find out the factors associated with their inadequate intake.
DESIGN AND METHODS
It was a analysis of data from prospective cohort study for 10 months carried out among 340 Scheduled Tribes mothers in 10 clusters in Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Data collection was done using a 24 h dietary recall questionnaire. A -value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
RESULTS
All the mothers ( = 340) were not having adequate intake of Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Pyridoxine, Pantothenic acid, Biotin and Folic acid. Methyl cobalamin intake was inadequate in 37.5% mothers ( = 136). The mean intake of Vitamin B12 was 40.98 + 42.8 (SD) µg/day. Age at marriage, location and parity were significantly associated with inadequate intake of Vitamin B12.
CONCLUSIONS
The current diet pattern of mothers of vulnerable groups might affect the growth and development of the infant. We strongly recommend for supplementation of B-group vitamins to pregnant and lactating women in India.
PubMed: 38476323
DOI: 10.1177/22799036241234036 -
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases Mar 2024This study aimed to assess medication adherence and demographic, clinical, and psychopathological parameters such as quality of life, depression, and anxiety levels that...
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to assess medication adherence and demographic, clinical, and psychopathological parameters such as quality of life, depression, and anxiety levels that can affect pediatrics with Wilson's Disease (WD).
METHODS
A prospective cohort study was conducted at an outpatient clinic in Turkey among pediatric patients (2 to 18 years) with WD between November 2022 and April 2023. The Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS-5) as a subjective and Medication Possession Ratio (MPR) as an objective assessment were scored. Physical, genetic and biochemical parameters, the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) for both parents and patients, Childhood Depression Inventory, State Trait Anxiety Inventory were also administered.
RESULTS
A total of 30 pediatric outpatients who were prescribed D-penicillamine (n = 27) or trientine (n = 3) as chelators and zinc (n = 29) and pyridoxine (n = 19) as supplements were included. Proteinuria (n = 3), skin rash (n = 2), and gastrointestinal upset (n = 2) were observed. When the correlation between MARS-5 and duration of follow-up was examined, a significant negative correlation was found (p = 0.014). According to MPRs, non-adherence rates (missed doses ≥ 20%) were 29.6%, 17.2% and 5.3% for D-penicillamine, zinc and pyridoxine, respectively. PedsQL scores were higher than those of parents, with a positive correlation between them (p < 0.001). Also, there was a significant positive correlation between PedsQL and State Anxiety Inventory (p < 0.001). Comparing the change in urinary copper levels between different levels of treatment knowledge, significant differences were observed between high- and low levels (p = 0.043).
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, nonadherence rates were 23.3% based on MARS-5 and 5.3-29.6% based on MPR. It is essential to consider factors such as the duration of follow-up, biochemical parameters, treatment knowledge, quality of life and anxiety as potential influencers of medication adherence.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Humans; Cohort Studies; Hepatolenticular Degeneration; Penicillamine; Prospective Studies; Pyridoxine; Quality of Life; Turkey; Zinc; Child, Preschool
PubMed: 38454433
DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03113-0 -
Frontiers in Neurology 2024Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy due to variants (PDE-ALDH7A1) is a rare disorder, presenting typically with severe neonatal, epileptic encephalopathy. Early diagnosis is...
PURPOSE
Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy due to variants (PDE-ALDH7A1) is a rare disorder, presenting typically with severe neonatal, epileptic encephalopathy. Early diagnosis is imperative to prevent uncontrolled seizures. We have explored the role of EEG in the diagnosis and management of PDE.
METHODS
A total of 13 Norwegian patients with PDE-ALDH7A1 were identified, of whom five had reached adult age. Altogether 163 EEG recordings were assessed, 101 from the 1st year of life.
RESULTS
Median age at seizure onset was 9 h (IQR 41), range 1 h-6 days. Median delay from first seizure to first pyridoxine injection was 2 days (IQR 5.5). An EEG burst suppression pattern was seen in eight patients (62%) during the first 5 days of life. Eleven patients had recordings during pyridoxine injections: in three, immediate EEG improvement correlated with seizure control, whereas in six, no change of epileptiform activity occurred. Of these six, one had prompt clinical effect, one had delayed effect (< 1 day), one had no effect, one had uncertain effect, and another had more seizures. A patient without seizures at time of pyridoxine trial remained seizure free for 6 days. Two patients with prompt clinical effect had increased paroxysmal activity, one as a conversion to burst suppression. Autonomic seizures in the form of apnoea appeared to promote respiratory distress and were documented by EEG in one patient. EEG follow-up in adult age did not show signs of progressing encephalopathy.
CONCLUSION
A neonatal burst suppression EEG pattern should raise the suspicion of PDE-ALDH7A1. Respiratory distress is common; isolated apnoeic seizures may contribute. EEG responses during pyridoxine trials are diverse, often with poor correlation to immediate clinical effect. Reliance on single trials may lead to under-recognition of this treatable condition. Pyridoxine should be continued until results from biomarkers and genetic testing are available.
PubMed: 38419708
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1355861 -
European Journal of Nutrition Jun 2024The aim was to study the association between dietary intake of B vitamins in childhood and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D)... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
PURPOSE
The aim was to study the association between dietary intake of B vitamins in childhood and the risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D) by the age of 10 years.
METHODS
We followed 8500 T1D-susceptible children born in the U.S., Finland, Sweden, and Germany in 2004 -2010 from the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study, which is a prospective observational birth cohort. Dietary intake of seven B vitamins was calculated from foods and dietary supplements based on 24-h recall at 3 months and 3-day food records collected regularly from 6 months to 10 years of age. Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for energy, HLA-genotype, first-degree relative with T1D, sex, and country.
RESULTS
A total of 778 (9.2) children developed at least one autoantibody (any IA), and 335 (3.9%) developed multiple autoantibodies. 280 (3.3%) children had IAA and 319 (3.8%) GADA as the first autoantibody. 344 (44%) children with IA progressed to T1D. We observed that higher intake of niacin was associated with a decreased risk of developing multiple autoantibodies (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92, 0.98) per 1 mg/1000 kcal in niacin intake. Higher intake of pyridoxine (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.46, 0.96) and vitamin B12 (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77, 0.97) was associated with a decreased risk of IAA-first autoimmunity. Higher intake of riboflavin (HR 1.38; 95% CI 1.05, 1.80) was associated with an increased risk of GADA-first autoimmunity. There were no associations between any of the B vitamins and the outcomes "any IA" and progression from IA to T1D. CONCLUSION: In this multinational, prospective birth cohort of children with genetic susceptibility to T1D, we observed some direct and inverse associations between different B vitamins and risk of IA.
Topics: Humans; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Male; Female; Vitamin B Complex; Prospective Studies; Child; Autoimmunity; Child, Preschool; Infant; Islets of Langerhans; Autoantibodies; Risk Factors; Diet; Proportional Hazards Models; United States; Finland; Sweden; Germany; Dietary Supplements; Birth Cohort; Disease Progression
PubMed: 38413484
DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03346-6 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2024A composite of chitosan-supported ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO/CS) was green-synthesized via an easy and cost-effective method using Chicory () plant extract. The synthesis...
A composite of chitosan-supported ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO/CS) was green-synthesized via an easy and cost-effective method using Chicory () plant extract. The synthesis was confirmed using uv-vis spectrometry at a λ of 380 nm, and the surface of the material was characterized via FT-IR spectroscopy, and finally via SEM, which confirmed the distribution of ZnO nanoparticles on the surface of chitosan biopolymer (CS). The synthesized material was applied in the adsorptive removal of residues of the pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6) pharmaceutical drug from aqueous media using the batch technique. The material's removal capacity was studied through several adjustable parameters including pH, contact time, the dose of the adsorbent, and the capacity for drug adsorption under the optimal conditions. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were applied to describe the adsorption process. The removal was found to obey the Freundlich model, which refers to a chemisorption process. Different kinetic models were also studied for the removal process and showed that the pseudo-second-order model was more fitted, which indicates that the removal was a chemisorption process. Thermodynamic studies were also carried out. The maximum removal of vitamin B6 by the nano-ZnO/CS composite was found to be 75% at optimal conditions. The results were compared to other reported adsorbents. Reusability tests showed that the nano-ZnO/CS composite can be efficiently reused up to seven times for the removal of PDX drugs from aqueous media.
Topics: Chitosan; Pyridoxine; Vitamin B 6; Zinc Oxide; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Water; Adsorption; Kinetics; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 38398580
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040828 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2024This study aimed to investigate the effect of wooden breast (WB) myopathy on chemical composition, meat quality attributes and physiochemical characteristics of...
This study aimed to investigate the effect of wooden breast (WB) myopathy on chemical composition, meat quality attributes and physiochemical characteristics of intramuscular connective tissue (IMCT) of broiler pectoralis major (PM) muscle. Thirty-six fillets were classified into varying degrees of WB condition, including normal, moderate and severe. Results show that WB myopathy altered the collagen profile in PM muscle by increasing total collagen content and decreasing collagen solubility. The composition of macromolecules in IMCT, including hydroxylysyl pyridoxine cross-linking, decorin and glycosaminoglycans, were increased with the severity of WB myopathy. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated higher denaturation temperatures and lower denaturation enthalpy of IMCT for WB. Secondary structures of α-helix and β-sheet in the IMCT of WB were changed to β-turn and random coil. In addition, chemical composition and meat quality attributes showed a correlation with collagen profile and IMCT characteristics. Overall, this study emphasizes the effect of WB myopathy on IMCT and their contributions to meat quality variation.
PubMed: 38397484
DOI: 10.3390/foods13040507 -
International Journal of Molecular... Feb 2024Pyridoxine (pyr) is a versatile molecule that forms part of the family of B vitamins. It is used to treat and prevent vitamin B deficiency and certain types of metabolic...
Pyridoxine (pyr) is a versatile molecule that forms part of the family of B vitamins. It is used to treat and prevent vitamin B deficiency and certain types of metabolic disorders. Moreover, the pyridoxine molecule has been investigated as a suitable ligand toward metal ions. Nevertheless, the study of the magnetic properties of metal complexes containing lanthanide(III) ions and this biomolecule is unexplored. We have synthesized and characterized a novel pyridoxine-based Gd complex of formula [Gd(pyr)(HO)]Cl · 2 HO () [pyr = pyridoxine]. crystallizes in the triclinic system and space group ī. In its crystal packing, cationic [Gd(pyr)(HO)] entities are connected through H-bonding interactions involving non-coordinating water molecules and chloride anions. In addition, Hirshfeld surfaces of were calculated to further investigate their intermolecular interactions in the crystal lattice. Our investigation of the magnetic properties of , through ac magnetic susceptibility measurements, reveals the occurrence of a slow relaxation in magnetization in this mononuclear Gd complex, indicating an unusual single-ion magnet (SIM) behavior for this pseudo-isotropic metal ion at very low temperatures. We also studied the relaxometric properties of , as a potential contrast agent for high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), from solutions of prepared in physiological serum (0.0-3.2 mM range) and measured at 3 T on a clinical MRI scanner. The values of relaxivity obtained for are larger than those of some commercial MRI contrast agents based on mononuclear Gd systems.
Topics: Gadolinium; Pyridoxine; Magnets; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Ions
PubMed: 38396789
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042112 -
Metabolic Engineering Mar 2024Chemically defined media for cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains are commonly supplemented with a mixture of multiple Class-B vitamins, whose omission leads...
Chemically defined media for cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains are commonly supplemented with a mixture of multiple Class-B vitamins, whose omission leads to strongly reduced growth rates. Fast growth without vitamin supplementation is interesting for industrial applications, as it reduces costs and complexity of medium preparation and may decrease susceptibility to contamination by auxotrophic microbes. In this study, suboptimal growth rates of S. cerevisiae CEN.PK113-7D in the absence of pantothenic acid, para-aminobenzoic acid (pABA), pyridoxine, inositol and/or biotin were corrected by single or combined overexpression of ScFMS1, ScABZ1/ScABZ2, ScSNZ1/ScSNO1, ScINO1 and Cyberlindnera fabianii BIO1, respectively. Several strategies were explored to improve growth of S. cerevisiae CEN.PK113-7D in thiamine-free medium. Overexpression of ScTHI4 and/or ScTHI5 enabled thiamine-independent growth at 83% of the maximum specific growth rate of the reference strain in vitamin-supplemented medium. Combined overexpression of seven native S. cerevisiae genes and CfBIO1 enabled a maximum specific growth rate of 0.33 ± 0.01 h in vitamin-free synthetic medium. This growth rate was only 17 % lower than that of a congenic reference strain in vitamin-supplemented medium. Physiological parameters of the engineered vitamin-independent strain in aerobic glucose-limited chemostat cultures (dilution rate 0.10 h) grown on vitamin-free synthetic medium were similar to those of similar cultures of the parental strain grown on vitamin-supplemented medium. Transcriptome analysis revealed only few differences in gene expression between these cultures, which primarily involved genes with roles in Class-B vitamin metabolism. These results pave the way for development of fast-growing vitamin-independent industrial strains of S. cerevisiae.
Topics: Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Vitamins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; Biotin; Thiamine; Culture Media
PubMed: 38364997
DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2024.01.010 -
Geburtshilfe Und Frauenheilkunde Feb 2024Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) is among the most common conditions that pregnant women encounter in the early stages of pregnancy. It can affect up to 85% of...
Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) is among the most common conditions that pregnant women encounter in the early stages of pregnancy. It can affect up to 85% of pregnant women, thus representing a significant public health concern. NVP results in substantial negative physical, emotional, and financial consequences. Despite its prevalence, the pathogenesis remains elusive. Few guidelines have been published; however, several interventions exist for the symptomatic treatment of NVP. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of modern treatment strategies of NVP with a special focus on the recently approved dual-release formulation of the doxylamine and pyridoxine combination. This combination was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in November 2016 for the treatment of NVP when conservative management fails, and it has been introduced to the American market in April 2018. The maximum plasma concentration (T ) of doxylamine and pyridoxal-5-phosphate is reached 3.5 h and 15 h, respectively, after administration of one tablet twice daily, or 4.5 h and 0.5 h, respectively, when one tablet is administered just once daily. In addition, the delayed-release combination allows sufficient levels of doxylamine and the active metabolite pyridoxal-5-phosphate in the systemic circulation, providing symptoms relief in the subsequent morning. Hence, the dual-release formulation can improve the quality of life of pregnant women suffering from NVP. Additionally, large epidemiological trials have shown no increased risk of adverse effects to newborns, demonstrating that its use is not teratogenic.
PubMed: 38344043
DOI: 10.1055/a-2225-5883