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in a Healthy, Young Person: Rapidly Progressive Sinusitis with Orbital and Intracranial Involvement.European Journal of Case Reports in... 2023is an encapsulated, Gram-negative, nonmotile, rod belonging to the family. Infections involving the gastrointestinal tract and the hepatopancreatobiliary system are...
UNLABELLED
is an encapsulated, Gram-negative, nonmotile, rod belonging to the family. Infections involving the gastrointestinal tract and the hepatopancreatobiliary system are most frequently reported, especially in immunocompromised patients. The authors present an unusual case of acute complicated sinusitis with orbital and intracranial involvement caused by . The infection was rapidly progressive, even though the patient was a healthy, young person without any co-morbidities. The patient's condition improved after antibiotic treatment and multiple ophthalmic and sinus surgeries.
LEARNING POINTS
can cause rapidly progressive infections, even in immunocompetent young individuals. identified in sinusitis can be a true pathogen rather than an innocent bystander.
PubMed: 37789980
DOI: 10.12890/2023_003987 -
International Journal of Food... Dec 2023Bacterial biofilm is a major concern of dairy industry due to its association with milk contamination and its derived products. Algerian pasteurized milk shelf-life does...
Bacterial biofilm is a major concern of dairy industry due to its association with milk contamination and its derived products. Algerian pasteurized milk shelf-life does not exceed one day, which may reflect the high level of contamination of this product and presence of extracellular enzymes such as lipases and proteases. This work aimed to investigate the microbial biodiversity in milk-processing surfaces of a dairy plant in Algeria. Therefore, stainless steel cylinders were placed in piping system of the dairy system before and after pasteurization of the milk, being removed after 7 days, for biofilm maturation and microorganism isolation and identification by mass spectrometry. Fifty-nine Gram-positive isolates were identified, namely Bacillus altitudinis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus weithenstephanensis, Enterococcus casseliflavus, Enterococcus faecium, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. In addition, twenty-four Gram-negative isolates were identified, namely Acinetobacter schindleri Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter xiangfangensis, Leclercia adecarboxylata, and Raoultella ornithinolytica. Bacterial isolates showed ability for production of extracellular enzymes, being 49 % capable of both proteolytic and lipolytic activities. Milk isolates were tested for the ability to form biofilms on stainless steel. The cell numbers recovered on plate count agar plates from stainless steel biofilms ranged from 3.52 to 6.92 log10 CFU/cm, being the maximum number detected for Enterococcus casseliflavus. Bacterial isolates showed intermediate and/or resistant profiles to multiple antibiotics. Resistance to amoxicillin, cefoxitin and/or erythromycin was commonly found among the bacterial isolates.
Topics: Animals; Pasteurization; Milk; Stainless Steel; Algeria; Biofilms; Bacillus subtilis
PubMed: 37708608
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110389 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023The purpose of this study was to highlight the clinical and molecular features of 13 strains isolated from clinical environments in Ecuador, and to perform comparative...
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to highlight the clinical and molecular features of 13 strains isolated from clinical environments in Ecuador, and to perform comparative genomics with previously published genomes of spp. As is primarily found in environmental, clinical settings, we focused our work on identifying mechanisms of resistance that can provide this bacterium an advantage to establish and persist in hospital environments.
METHODS
We analyzed 13 strains of isolated from patients with healthcare associated infections (HAI) in three hospitals in Quito and one in Santo Domingo de Los Tsáchilas, Ecuador, between November 2017 and April 2018. These isolates were subjected to phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing, end-point polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the presence of carbapenemases and whole-genome sequencing.
RESULTS
Polymerase chain reaction revealed that seven isolates were positive isolates for and one for gene. Of the seven strains that presented the gene, six harbored it on an IncFII plasmid, one was inserted into the bacterial chromosome. The gene was detected in an IncM2/IncR plasmid. From the bioinformatics analysis, nine genomes had the gene , originating from Ecuador. Moreover, all strains contained the ORN-1 gene, which confers resistance for β-lactams, such as penicillins and cephalosporins. Comparative genome analysis of the strains showed that the pangenome of is considered an open pangenome, with 27.77% of core genes, which could be explained by the fact that the antibiotic resistance genes in the ancestral reconstruction are relatively new, suggesting that this genome is constantly incorporating new genes.
CONCLUSION
These results reveal the genome plasticity of , particularly in acquiring antibiotic-resistance genes. The genomic surveillance and infectious control of these uncommon species are important since they may contribute to the burden of antimicrobial resistance and human health.
PubMed: 37692398
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1216008 -
Data in Brief Oct 2023PX02 is a Gram-negative, encapsulated bacterium, part of the family, emerging as a notable human pathogen. Here, we present the whole genome sequence of PX02...
PX02 is a Gram-negative, encapsulated bacterium, part of the family, emerging as a notable human pathogen. Here, we present the whole genome sequence of PX02 isolated from San Jacinto River sediment near a Burnet Shores community in Baytown, Texas. This microorganism harbors a large 200,000 bp incF plasmid and can potentially be a significant antibiotic reservoir. The PX02 genome consists of 5,970,914 base pairs encoding approximately 5,661 functional proteins. Strain PX02 (chromosomal and plasmid) was compiled at the scaffold level and can be accessed through the National Center for Biotechnology Information database under accession NZ_NJBC00000000.1.
PubMed: 37674506
DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109506 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2023Biological methods are currently the most commonly used methods for removing hazardous substances from land. This research work focuses on the remediation of...
Biological methods are currently the most commonly used methods for removing hazardous substances from land. This research work focuses on the remediation of oil-contaminated land. The biodegradation of aliphatic hydrocarbons and PAHs as a result of inoculation with biopreparations B1 and B2 was investigated. Biopreparation B1 was developed on the basis of autochthonous bacteria, consisting of strains sp. IN118, sp. IN101, IN53, IN119, IN113 and sp. IN109, whereas biopreparation B2 was enriched with fungi, such as , , sp., , . As a result of biodegradation tests conducted under ex situ conditions for soil inoculated with biopreparation B1, the concentrations of TPH and PAH were reduced by 31.85% and 27.41%, respectively. Soil inoculation with biopreparation B2 turned out to be more effective, as a result of which the concentration of TPH was reduced by 41.67% and PAH by 34.73%. Another issue was the phytoremediation of the pre-treated G6-3B2 soil with the use of . The tests were carried out in three systems (system 1-soil G6-3B2 + ; system 2-soil G6-3B2 + biopreparation B2 + ; system 3-soil G6-3B2 + biopreparation B2 with γ-PGA + ) for 6 months. The highest degree of TPH and PAH reduction was obtained in system 3, amounting to 65.35% and 60.80%, respectively. The lowest phytoremediation efficiency was recorded in the non-inoculated system 1, where the concentration of TPH was reduced by 22.80% and PAH by 18.48%. Toxicological tests carried out using Phytotoxkit, Ostracodtoxkit and Microtox Solid Phase tests confirmed the effectiveness of remediation procedures and showed a correlation between the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil and its toxicity. The results obtained during the research indicate the great potential of bioremediation practices with the use of microbial biopreparations and in the treatment of soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons.
Topics: Zea mays; Biodegradation, Environmental; Hazardous Substances; Actinomycetales; Enterobacteriaceae
PubMed: 37630356
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28166104 -
Biotechnology Reports (Amsterdam,... Sep 2023High throughput screening approaches can significantly speed up the identification of novel enzymes from natural microbial consortiums. A two-step high throughput...
High throughput screening approaches can significantly speed up the identification of novel enzymes from natural microbial consortiums. A two-step high throughput screening process was proposed and explored to screen lignin-degrading microorganisms. By employing this modified culture enrichment method and screening based on enzyme activity, a total of 82 bacterial and 46 fungal strains were isolated from fifty decayed wood samples (100 liquid cultures) collected from the banks of the Ottawa River in Canada. Among them, ten bacterial and five fungal strains were selected and identified based on their high laccase activities by 16S rDNA and ITS gene sequencing, respectively. The study identified bacterial strains from various genera including , and , along with fungal counterparts including and . Moreover, (AORF21), . (AORF43), (AORF3) and sp. (AORB55) exhibited xylanase and - glucanase activities in addition to laccase production. The proposed approach allowed for the quick identification of promising consortia and enhanced the chance of isolating desired strains based on desired enzyme activities. This method is not limited to lignocellulose and lignin-degrading microorganisms but can be applied to identify novel microbial strains and enzymes from different natural samples.
PubMed: 37583477
DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2023.e00809 -
Evidence-based Complementary and... 2023[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/2424011.].
[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/2424011.].
PubMed: 37501831
DOI: 10.1155/2023/9794141 -
Drug Resistance Updates : Reviews and... Sep 2023Carbapenems and tigecycline are crucial antimicrobials for the treatment of gram-negative bacteria infections. Recently, a novel resistance-nodulation-division (RND)...
Carbapenems and tigecycline are crucial antimicrobials for the treatment of gram-negative bacteria infections. Recently, a novel resistance-nodulation-division (RND) efflux pump gene cluster, tmexCD-toprJ, which confers resistance to tigecycline, has been discovered in animals and clinical isolates. It was reported that hospital sewage could act as a reservoir for gram-negative bacteria with high antimicrobial resistance genes. In this study, we analyzed 84 isolates of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria (CR-GNB) from hospital sewage, and identified five isolates of TMexCD-ToprJ-producing CR-GNB, including one Raoultella ornithinolytica isolate and four Pseudomonas spp. isolates. All these five isolates carried at least one carbapenem resistance gene and were resistant to multiple antibiotics. Multiple tmexCD-toprJ clusters were detected, including tmexC2D2-toprJ2, tmexC3D3-toprJ3, tmexC3.2D3.3-toprJ1b and tmexC3.2D3-toprJ1b. Among these clusters, the genetic construct of tmexC3.2D3-toprJ1b showed 2-fold higher minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tigecycline than other three variants. In addition, it was found that the tmexCD-toprJ gene cluster was originated from Pseudomonas spp. and mainly located on Tn6855 variants inserted in the same umuC-like genes on chromosomes and plasmids. This unit co-localized with bla or bla on IncHI5-, Inc- and Inc-type plasmids in the five isolates of TMCR-GNB. The IncHI5- and Inc-type plasmids had the ability to conjugal transfer to E. coli J53 and P. aeruginosa PAO1, highlighting the potential risk of transfer of tmexCD-toprJ from Pseudomonas spp. to Enterobacterales. Importantly, genomic analysis showed that similar tmexCD-toprJ-harboring IncHI5 plasmids were also detected in human samples, suggesting transmission between environmental and human sectors. The emergence of TMCR-GNB from hospital sewage underscores the need for ongoing surveillance of antimicrobial resistance genes, particularly the novel resistance genes such as the tmexCD-toprJ gene clusters in the wastewater environment.
Topics: Humans; Carbapenems; Sewage; Tigecycline; Escherichia coli; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Hospitals; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; beta-Lactamases
PubMed: 37480594
DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.100989 -
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Sep 2023Polyolefin plastics, such as polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS), are the most widely used synthetic plastics in our daily life. However, the chemical structure of...
Polyolefin plastics, such as polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS), are the most widely used synthetic plastics in our daily life. However, the chemical structure of polyolefin plastics is composed of carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds, which is extremely stable and makes polyolefin plastics recalcitrant to degradation. The growing accumulation of plastic waste has caused serious environmental pollution and has become a global environmental concern. In this study, we isolated a unique Raoultella sp. DY2415 strain from petroleum-contaminated soil that can degrade PE and PS film. After 60 d of incubation with strain DY2415, the weight of the UV-irradiated PE (UVPE) film and PS film decreased by 8% and 2%, respectively. Apparent microbial colonization and holes on the surface of the films were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) results showed that new oxygen-containing functional groups such as -OH and -CO were introduced into the polyolefin molecular structure. Potential enzymes that may be involved in the biodegradation of polyolefin plastics were analyzed. These results demonstrate that Raoultella sp. DY2415 has the ability to degrade polyolefin plastics and provide a basis for further investigating the biodegradation mechanism.
Topics: Polystyrenes; Polyethylene; Petroleum; Soil; Enterobacteriaceae; Biodegradation, Environmental; Carbon; Plastics
PubMed: 37429089
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115232 -
Microbiology Spectrum Aug 2023Scombrotoxin (histamine) fish poisoning is a common seafood-borne illness attributed to toxin production by histamine-producing bacteria (HPB) in fish tissues during...
Scombrotoxin (histamine) fish poisoning is a common seafood-borne illness attributed to toxin production by histamine-producing bacteria (HPB) in fish tissues during decomposition. In laboratory studies, growth of HPB and other bacterial species is affected by physical and chemical attributes, but natural communities of HPB are not well understood. To determine how environmental and water quality variables may affect density of HPB in the natural aquatic environment, we compared presence and abundance of HPB to ambient temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, fecal coliforms, male-specific coliphage, nutrient concentrations, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios, and C:N in water samples collected from July 2017 to February 2018 along a natural salinity gradient in a tidal river on the coast of northern Gulf of Mexico. HPB in water samples were quantified using a real-time PCR, most probable number method. HPB species were identified via 16S rRNA gene sequences. Temperature and salinity were determined to be the main factors driving HPB presence and concentration. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that different HPB were associated with different environmental conditions. Photobacterium damselae was found under warmer, higher-salinity conditions; Raoultella planticola was found at colder, lower-salinity conditions; Enterobacter aerogenes was found at warmer, lower-salinity conditions; and Morganella morganii was found at most sites, independent of environmental conditions. These results showed that naturally occurring HPB abundance and species composition can be affected by environmental conditions, which could manifest in various potentials for histamine formation and scombrotoxin fish poisoning risk based on environmental factors. This study determined the effects of environmental conditions on presence and abundance of naturally occurring histamine-producing bacteria in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Here, we show that HPB abundance and species composition are related to ambient temperature and salinity, with the magnitude of this effect dependent on the particular HPB species. This finding suggests that environmental conditions at fishing sites could affect the risk of human illness from scombrotoxin (histamine) fish poisoning.
Topics: Animals; Male; Humans; Histamine; Gulf of Mexico; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Water Quality; Bacteria; Foodborne Diseases
PubMed: 37310253
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04720-22