-
Computational and Structural... Dec 2024AI has revolutionized the way we interact with technology. Noteworthy advances in AI algorithms and large language models (LLM) have led to the development of natural...
AI has revolutionized the way we interact with technology. Noteworthy advances in AI algorithms and large language models (LLM) have led to the development of natural generative language (NGL) systems such as ChatGPT. Although these LLM can simulate human conversations and generate content in real time, they face challenges related to the topicality and accuracy of the information they generate. This study aimed to assess whether ChatGPT-4 could provide accurate and reliable answers to general dentists in the field of oral surgery, and thus explore its potential as an intelligent virtual assistant in clinical decision making in oral surgery. Thirty questions related to oral surgery were posed to ChatGPT4, each question repeated 30 times. Subsequently, a total of 900 responses were obtained. Two surgeons graded the answers according to the guidelines of the Spanish Society of Oral Surgery, using a three-point Likert scale (correct, partially correct/incomplete, and incorrect). Disagreements were arbitrated by an experienced oral surgeon, who provided the final grade Accuracy was found to be 71.7%, and consistency of the experts' grading across iterations, ranged from moderate to almost perfect. ChatGPT-4, with its potential capabilities, will inevitably be integrated into dental disciplines, including oral surgery. In the future, it could be considered as an auxiliary intelligent virtual assistant, though it would never replace oral surgery experts. Proper training and verified information by experts will remain vital to the implementation of the technology. More comprehensive research is needed to ensure the safe and successful application of AI in oral surgery.
PubMed: 38162955
DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.11.058 -
Turkiye Parazitolojii Dergisi Dec 2023The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence rates of ectoparasites (external parasites) seen in cattle in Muğla, Aydın and İzmir regions.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence rates of ectoparasites (external parasites) seen in cattle in Muğla, Aydın and İzmir regions.
METHODS
For ectoparasite screening, a total of 1,353 cattle breeds from Muğla, Aydın and İzmir regions were included in the study. Ectoparasite samples were collected with the help of hand, forceps, comb and scalpel, brought to the laboratory in plastic containers containing 70% alcohol and examined under a microscope.
RESULTS
In the study, 191 (14.12%) of 1,353 cattle were infested with external parasites. Of the cattle, 138 (72.25%) ticks, 24 (12.57%) lice, 9 (4.71%) tabanid, 8 (4.19%) hippoboscid, 7 (3.66%) fleas and 5 (2.62%) mites were detected. Accordingly, 4 tick species in cattle , 4 lice species ( ), 1 mite species (), 2 flea species (), 1 hippoboscid fly species () ve 3 tabanid fly species () diagnosed.
CONCLUSION
The presence of external parasites varied depending on the frequency of antiparasitic use in cattle.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Prevalence; Anoplura; Flea Infestations; Ticks; Mites; Siphonaptera; Ixodidae; Diptera
PubMed: 38149447
DOI: 10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.18209 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Dec 2023Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are the most clinically relevant precursor lesions of the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). OSCC is one of the 15 most... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVES
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are the most clinically relevant precursor lesions of the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). OSCC is one of the 15 most common cancers worldwide. OSCC is with its high rate of mortality an important cause of death worldwide. The diagnosis and therapy of clinically relevant precursor lesions of the OSCC is one of the main parts of prevention of this malignant disease. Targeted therapy is one of the main challenges concerning an oncologically safe tissue removal without overwhelming functional and aesthetic impairment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this randomized controlled trial, a newly introduced intraoral 445-nm semiconductor laser (2W; cw-mode; SIROLaser Blue, Dentsply Sirona, Bensheim, Germany) was used in the therapy of OPMDs. Duration and course of wound healing, pain, and scar tissue formation were compared to classical cold blade removal with primary suture by measuring remaining wound area, tissue colorimetry, and visual analogue scale. The study includes 40 patients randomized using a random spreadsheet sequence in two groups (n1 = 20; n2 = 20).
RESULTS
This comparative analysis revealed a significantly reduced remaining wound area after 1, 2, and 4 weeks in the laser group compared to the cold blade group (p < 0.05). In the laser group, a significantly reduced postoperative pain after 1 week was measured (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Laser coagulation of OPMDs with the investigated 445-nm semiconductor laser is a safe, gentle, and predictable surgical procedure with beneficial wound healing and reduced postoperative discomfort.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Compared to the more invasive and bloody cold blade removal with scalpel, the 445-nm semiconductor laser could be a new functional less traumatic tool in the therapy of OPMDs. The method should be further investigated with regard to the identification of further possible indications.
TRAIL REGISTRATION
German Clinical Trials Register No: DRKS00032626.
Topics: Humans; Lasers, Semiconductor; Mouth Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Esthetics, Dental; Wound Healing; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Head and Neck Neoplasms
PubMed: 38147181
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05438-9 -
Missouri Medicine 2023You begin to hear distant rock music playing, people conversing about their weekend. Then the scalpel is requested-incision. Pain sends you reeling and you attempt to...
You begin to hear distant rock music playing, people conversing about their weekend. Then the scalpel is requested-incision. Pain sends you reeling and you attempt to muster a scream. No one seems to hear you and you are unable to lift a finger. The scenario is so rare that numerous movies have been made about awareness under anesthesia. Awareness under anesthesia is a rare event, however, it is a complication that no one ever desires to occur. We will explore how frequent awareness is during surgery, what risk factors are involved, and what tools anesthesia providers utilize to ensure everyone undergoing surgery is adequately anesthetized.
Topics: Humans; Anesthesia; Intraoperative Awareness
PubMed: 38144931
DOI: No ID Found -
Micromachines Nov 2023Frequency tracking and amplitude control are essential for piezoelectric transducers. Frequency tracking ensures the piezoelectric transducer operates at the resonant...
Frequency tracking and amplitude control are essential for piezoelectric transducers. Frequency tracking ensures the piezoelectric transducer operates at the resonant frequency for maximum power output, and amplitude control regulates the mechanical motion of the output. This paper presents a novel driver based on a push-pull inverter for piezoelectric transducers. The proposed driver realizes the frequency tracking and amplitude control scheme by a voltage sensing bridge in the case of transformer secondary matching, guaranteeing automatic frequency tracking and precise mechanical functions regardless of environmental and load variations. The proposed scheme is verified by the ultrasonic scalpel and the ultrasonic motor (USM). The experimental results show that this scheme reduces the build-up time from 10 ms to 3 ms and loaded frequency variations from 250 Hz to 200 Hz. In addition, the amplitude control performance was further observed on USM for various loads. The overshoot is less than 5.4% under different load torques. Therefore, the proposed scheme improves the load adaptability and stability of piezoelectric transducers and promotes the application of piezoelectric transducers under various conditions.
PubMed: 38138316
DOI: 10.3390/mi14122147 -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Feb 2024This is a case report of a patient with vulvar condyloma acuminatum associated with hyperkeratosis and folliculitis, which had been refractory to two previous therapies....
This is a case report of a patient with vulvar condyloma acuminatum associated with hyperkeratosis and folliculitis, which had been refractory to two previous therapies. The patient had been successfully treated using a combination of promising techniques: the ultrasonic scalpel and MAL photodynamic therapy.
Topics: Humans; Photochemotherapy; Ultrasonics; Photosensitizing Agents; Condylomata Acuminata
PubMed: 38128640
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103944 -
Cureus Nov 2023This study evaluated the safety and feasibility of a technique of liver resection named dual-wield parenchymal transection technique (DWT), using cavitron ultrasonic...
A Multicenter, Open-Label, Single-Arm Phase I Trial of Dual-Wield Parenchymal Transection: A New Technique of Liver Resection Using the Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator and Water-Jet Scalpel Simultaneously (HiSCO-14 Trial).
PURPOSE
This study evaluated the safety and feasibility of a technique of liver resection named dual-wield parenchymal transection technique (DWT), using cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator (CUSA) and water-jet scalpel simultaneously.
METHODS
This multicenter, prospective, open-label, and single-arm phase I trial included patients aged 20 years or older with hepatic tumors indicated for surgical resection and scheduled for open radical resection. This study was conducted at two institutions affiliated with the Hiroshima Surgical Study Group of Clinical Oncology (HiSCO). The primary endpoint was the proportion of massive intraoperative blood loss (≥ 1000 mL). The secondary endpoints were the amount of blood loss, operative time, parenchymal transection speed, postoperative complications, and mortality. The safety endpoints were device failure and adverse events associated with devices.
RESULTS
From June 2022 to May 2023, 20 patients were enrolled; one was excluded and 19 were included in the full analysis set (FAS). In the FAS, segmentectomy was performed in nine cases, sectionectomy in four cases, and hemihepatectomy in six cases. Radical resection was achieved in all patients. Intraoperative blood loss greater than 1000 mL was observed in five patients (26.3%). The median amount of blood loss was 545 mL (range, 180-4413), and blood transfusions were performed on two patients (10.5%). The median operative time was 346 minutes (range, 238-543) and the median parenchymal transection speed was 1.2 cm/minute (range, 0.5-5.1). Postoperative complications of Clavien-Dindo classification ≥ Grade 3 occurred in four patients (21.1%). No mortalities occurred in this study. In the safety analysis, there were no device failures or adverse events associated with devices.
CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrated the safety and feasibility of DWT for liver resection. The efficacy of the DWT will be evaluated in future clinical trials.
PubMed: 38116351
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49028 -
Journal of Surgical Case Reports Dec 2023Spinal arachnoid webs are intradural bands of abnormally formed arachnoid tissue, located within the subarachnoid space and causing compression of the dorsal aspect of...
Spinal arachnoid webs are intradural bands of abnormally formed arachnoid tissue, located within the subarachnoid space and causing compression of the dorsal aspect of the spinal cord. Arachnoid webs are uncommon and can be difficult to treat. We report 3 patients presenting with a spinal arachnoid web within a 6-month period. All of them exhibited signs of thoracic myelopathy and the MRI showed the pathognomonic 'scalpel sign'. Two of the patients underwent surgery for removal of their spinal arachnoid web, whereas the third patient case is currently being managed conservatively. We also present our 2D intraoperative video for arachnoid web removal and spinal cord decompression.
PubMed: 38111492
DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjad662 -
Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Nov 2023Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal tumor that usually arises from the pleura but can also occur in extrapleural sites, such as the sinonasal region. It...
INTRODUCTION
Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal tumor that usually arises from the pleura but can also occur in extrapleural sites, such as the sinonasal region. It causes aspecific symptoms, including nasal obstruction and discharge, postnasal drip, anosmia, epistaxis, and headache. It may be difficult to distinguish these symptoms from those caused by other mesenchymal lesions that usually occur in this site, especially when the tissues undergo iatrogenic damage following surgical removal.
CASE REPORT
This case report shows a rare right nasal septal solitary fibrous tumor, which was surgically removed using a trans-nasal endoscopic technique. For the first time, the mass was decomposed by a plasma blade, and the implant site was treated by performing a subperiosteal removal of septal mucosa and cartilage. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor. Follow-up at three, six, and twelve months showed no signs of relapse.
CONCLUSIONS
Sinonasal SFT is unusual, and it may be difficult to distinguish it from other mesenchymal lesions in this site. In the literature, cases treated with CO laser are usually described; however, due to the high cutting temperatures, this can cause thermal damage of the tissues, making histopathological diagnosis difficult. The plasma blade uses pulsed radiofrequency, creating an effective cutting edge while the blade stays near body temperature. Therefore, this device results in atraumatic, scalpel-like cutting sensitivity and electrosurgical-like hemostasis, with minimal bleeding and tissue injury. Its use could, therefore, help both the surgeon in obtaining surgical radicality and the pathologist in the correct histologic classification.
PubMed: 38074479
DOI: 10.22038/IJORL.2023.72285.3450 -
Cureus Nov 2023Every person expresses their blissful moments through a smile. The elegance of the smile depends majorly on the colour of the gingiva. One of the factors that determines...
Every person expresses their blissful moments through a smile. The elegance of the smile depends majorly on the colour of the gingiva. One of the factors that determines the colour of the gingiva is the amount of melanin pigment in the gingival epithelium. The intensity of melanin pigmentation differs from one person to another, and it is prevalent among all ethnicities. Most people are aesthetically concerned and widely prefer pink gingiva, leading to a demand for gingival depigmentation. There are various suggested treatment modalities for gingival depigmentation, like scalpel, electrosurgery, LASER, cryosurgery, etc. However, the recurrence of pigmentation is common in the depigmentation procedure. The current study attempts to determine the post-operative healing of gingival tissues following split-thickness epithelial excision with and without topical application of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid).
PubMed: 38074052
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48417