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Medical Science Monitor : International... May 2024BACKGROUND Menopause initiates or accelerates health problems in a woman’s life, and affects cognitive processes and quality of life. We aimed to assess the...
BACKGROUND Menopause initiates or accelerates health problems in a woman’s life, and affects cognitive processes and quality of life. We aimed to assess the quality of life, cognitive functions, and serum vitamin D, B6, and B12 concentrations in perimenopausal and postmenopausal Polish women. Also, we correlated the assessment of the quality of life with these vitamin concentrations and cognitive functions. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was conducted in 287 perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Serum levels of vitamin D, B6, and B12, cognitive functions using CNS Vital Signs software, and quality of life using WHO Quality of Life Brief were tested. RESULTS Almost all of the perimenopausal and postmenopausal women had normal concentrations of serum vitamin B12 (96%), 80% of them had normal B6 concentration, while only 9% had optimal serum vitamin D concentration. Postmenopausal women had lower Neurocognitive Index, psychomotor speed, motor speed, reaction time, and lower assessment of overall quality of life, physical health, and social relationships compared to perimenopausal women. In comparison to postmenopausal women, perimenopausal women had a lower serum vitamin B6 concentration, and the lower the concentration of this vitamin in serum they had, the lower they assessed their environment. Perimenopausal women assessed their social relationships the better, the better the visual memory, and the lower the processing speed they had. Postmenopausal women assessed the environment the better, the higher their Neurocognition Index was, and the better the reaction time they had. CONCLUSIONS Assessment of quality of life was associated with some cognitive functions in both perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.
Topics: Humans; Female; Quality of Life; Postmenopause; Poland; Middle Aged; Cognition; Vitamin D; Vitamin B 12; Perimenopause; Vitamin B 6; Adult; Aged
PubMed: 38769717
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.943249 -
BMC Geriatrics May 2024The older adults (OA) is vulnerable to malnutrition, which may affect their health and quality of life. This study assesses the prevalence of deficiencies in dietary...
INTRODUCTION
The older adults (OA) is vulnerable to malnutrition, which may affect their health and quality of life. This study assesses the prevalence of deficiencies in dietary nutrients among the Malaysian OA stratified by residency, genders, socioeconomic status (SES) and body mass index (BMI).
METHODOLOGY
A cross-sectional study was conducted, utilizing purposive sampling, recruiting 2,299 Malaysian people aged 60 years old and above who agreed to be interviewed via a comprehensive semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The nutrients intake was calculated based on the Malaysian food composition and US Department of Agriculture food composition databases. Then, the nutrients intake was compared with the Malaysian Recommended Nutrients Intake guidelines, and the prevalence of deficiencies in dietary nutrients were calculated. The median (interquartile ranges) intakes of nutrients were compared between residency (urban and rural), genders (male and female), and SES (low and middle-high) using the Mann-Whitney U test. The differences in nutrient intake between BMI categories (underweight, normal, and overweight) were identified using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post hoc test.
RESULTS
The response rate was 70.3% (n = 2,299), predominantly were females (50.8%), received primary education (76.6%), were currently married (84.3%), were middle-high SES (57.7%), and had a normal BMI (59.8%). There was a notable inadequate intake prevalence of magnesium (100.0%), manganese (97.9%), zinc (95.6%), vitamin B (98.4%), potassium (91.0%), calcium (89.3%), vitamin B (80.2%), vitamin E (91.2%), and vitamin K (81.5%) among Malaysian OA. Additionally, significant differences were observed in nutrients intake levels across gender, residency, SES, and BMI within this population.
CONCLUSIONS
This study shows a high prevalence of dietary nutrients deficiency (> 80%) among the Malaysian OA, particularly for magnesium, manganese, potassium, zinc, vitamin B, vitamin E, calcium, vitamin B, and vitamin K. To improve the nutritional status of OA and safeguard against adverse health effects, it is necessary to formulate and execute strategies to enhance their dietary nutrient intakes. The strategies may involve intervention such as nutrient supplementation and promotion of consuming nutrient-rich foods.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Malaysia; Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Middle Aged; Diet; Aged, 80 and over; Nutritional Status; Malnutrition; Nutrients
PubMed: 38769498
DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05042-w -
Microbial Cell Factories May 2024Microbial engineering aims to enhance the ability of bacteria to produce valuable products, including vitamin B for various applications. Numerous microorganisms...
BACKGROUND
Microbial engineering aims to enhance the ability of bacteria to produce valuable products, including vitamin B for various applications. Numerous microorganisms naturally produce vitamin B, yet the metabolic pathways involved are rigorously controlled. This regulation by the accumulation of vitamin B poses a challenge in constructing an efficient cell factory.
RESULTS
In this study, we conducted transcriptome and metabolome analyses to investigate the effects of the accumulation of pyridoxine, which is the major commercial form of vitamin B, on cellular processes in Escherichia coli. Our omics analysis revealed associations between pyridoxine and amino acids, as well as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Based on these findings, we identified potential targets for fermentation optimization, including succinate, amino acids, and the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio. Through targeted modifications, we achieved pyridoxine titers of approximately 514 mg/L in shake flasks and 1.95 g/L in fed-batch fermentation.
CONCLUSION
Our results provide insights into pyridoxine biosynthesis within the cellular metabolic network for the first time. Our comprehensive analysis revealed that the fermentation process resulted in a remarkable final yield of 1.95 g/L pyridoxine, the highest reported yield to date. This work lays a foundation for the green industrial production of vitamin B in the future.
Topics: Fermentation; Escherichia coli; Vitamin B 6; Pyridoxine; Metabolic Engineering; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Transcriptome; Citric Acid Cycle; Metabolome; Carbon; Metabolomics; Amino Acids; Nitrogen
PubMed: 38750497
DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02405-1 -
Frontiers in Nutrition 2024Observational studies have shown that micronutrients can affect the occurrence of frailty. However, it is not clear whether there is a causal relationship between the...
BACKGROUND
Observational studies have shown that micronutrients can affect the occurrence of frailty. However, it is not clear whether there is a causal relationship between the two. This study aimed to explore the causal relationship between circulating micronutrient levels and frailty risk using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) approach.
METHODS
We gathered and screened instrumental variables (IVs) for six circulating micronutrients, including vitamin B, vitamin B, folate, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E, from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and the IEU OpenGWAS open database. Summary statistics for frailty were obtained from a GWAS meta-analysis, including the UK Biobank and TwinGene ( = 175,226). We performed two independent TSMR analyses and a meta-analysis based on the two independent MR estimates to assess the causal relationship between circulating micronutrientn and frailty.
RESULTS
Our study found, no causal relationship between genetically predicted vitamin D ( = -0.059, 0.35), vitamin B ( = 0.006, 0.80), vitamin E ( = -0.011, 0.79), vitamin C ( = -0.044, 0.06), vitamin B ( = -0.027, 0.37), and folate ( = 0.029, 0.17), with frailty.
CONCLUSION
This study showed that these six micronutrients did not reduce the risk of developing frailty. However, we think it is necessary further to investigate the relationship and mechanisms between micronutrients and frailty using methods such as randomized controlled trials.
PubMed: 38746935
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1386646 -
International Journal of Molecular... May 2024Pyridoxal and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate are aldehyde forms of B vitamin that can easily be transformed into each other in the living organism. The presence of a phosphate...
Pyridoxal and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate are aldehyde forms of B vitamin that can easily be transformed into each other in the living organism. The presence of a phosphate group, however, provides the related compounds (e.g., hydrazones) with better solubility in water. In addition, the phosphate group may sometimes act as a binding center for metal ions. In particular, a phosphate group can be a strong ligand for a gold(III) ion, which is of interest for researchers for the anti-tumor and antimicrobial potential of gold(III). This paper aims to answer whether the phosphate group is involved in the complex formation between gold(III) and hydrazones derived from pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. The answer is negative, since the comparison of the stability constants determined for the gold(III) complexes with pyridoxal- and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-derived hydrazones showed a negligible difference. In addition, quantum chemical calculations confirmed that the preferential coordination of two series of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated hydrazones to gold(III) ion is similar. The preferential protonation modes for the gold(III) complexes were also determined using experimental and calculated data.
Topics: Hydrazones; Gold; Pyridoxal; Pyridoxal Phosphate; Coordination Complexes; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Molecular Structure
PubMed: 38732264
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095046 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2024Due to the high mortality rate in Western countries, pancreatic cancer is considered one of the , leaving patients and their families with little hope upon diagnosis.... (Review)
Review
Due to the high mortality rate in Western countries, pancreatic cancer is considered one of the , leaving patients and their families with little hope upon diagnosis. Although surgical and drug therapies are critical for cancer patients to improve life expectancy and alleviation of suffering, nutrition plays a key role in improving cancer treatment outcomes. This narrative review, conducted as part of the activities of the Italian Society of Human Nutrition (SINU) working group in oncology, focuses on the prevalence of vitamin malnutrition among pancreatic cancer patients. The results of the literature search show that pancreatic cancer patients are at a heightened risk of water-soluble vitamin deficiencies, particularly of vitamins B1, B3, and B6. Additionally, they also face an increased risk of deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins. Among these vitamins, the potential role of vitamin D in pancreatic cancer has garnered the most attention, with its plasma levels being identified as a significant factor in patient survival. Investigating vitamin nutritional status could provide valuable insights for incorporating nutritional approaches into the prevention and treatment of pancreatic cancer, thereby reducing the exacerbation of symptoms associated with the diagnosis.
Topics: Humans; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Nutritional Status; Vitamins; Vitamin D
PubMed: 38732007
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094773 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Apr 2024Probiotics have been proven to improve the growth performance of livestock and poultry. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of probiotic...
Probiotics have been proven to improve the growth performance of livestock and poultry. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of probiotic supplementation on the growth performance; rumen and intestinal microbiota; rumen fluid, serum, and urine metabolism; and rumen epithelial cell transcriptomics of fattening meat sheep. Twelve Hu sheep were selected and randomly divided into two groups. They were fed a basal diet (CON) or a basal diet supplemented with 1.5 × 10 CFU/g probiotics (PRB). The results show that the average daily weight gain, and volatile fatty acid and serum antioxidant capacity concentrations of the PRB group were significantly higher than those of the CON group ( < 0.05). Compared to the CON group, the thickness of the rumen muscle layer in the PRB group was significantly decreased ( < 0.01); the thickness of the duodenal muscle layer in the fattening sheep was significantly reduced; and the length of the duodenal villi, the thickness of the cecal and rectal mucosal muscle layers, and the thickness of the cecal, colon, and rectal mucosal layers ( < 0.05) were significantly increased. At the genus level, the addition of probiotics altered the composition of the rumen and intestinal microbiota, significantly upregulating the relative abundance of Subdivision5_genera_incertae_sedis and Acinetobacter in the rumen microbiota, and significantly downregulating the relative abundance of , and . The relative abundance of was significantly upregulated in the intestinal microbiota, while the relative abundance of , , and were significantly downregulated ( < 0.05). There were significant differences in the rumen, serum, and urine metabolites between the PRB group and the CON group, with 188, 138, and 104 metabolites ( < 0.05), mainly affecting pathways such as vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B6, and a series of amino acid metabolisms. The differential genes in the transcriptome sequencing were mainly enriched in protein modification regulation (especially histone modification), immune function regulation, and energy metabolism. Therefore, adding probiotics improved the growth performance of fattening sheep by altering the rumen and intestinal microbiota; the rumen, serum, and urine metabolome; and the transcriptome.
PubMed: 38731289
DOI: 10.3390/ani14091285 -
PLoS Pathogens May 2024Previously, we found that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice enhances inflammatory cytokine production which drives...
Previously, we found that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice enhances inflammatory cytokine production which drives pathological immune responses and mortality. In the current study, using a T2DM Mtb infection mice model, we determined the mechanisms that make T2DM mice alveolar macrophages (AMs) more inflammatory upon Mtb infection. Among various cell death pathways, necroptosis is a major pathway involved in inflammatory cytokine production by T2DM mice AMs. Anti-TNFR1 antibody treatment of Mtb-infected AMs from T2DM mice significantly reduced expression of receptor interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) (necroptosis markers) and IL-6 production. Metabolic profile comparison of Mtb-infected AMs from T2DM mice and Mtb-infected AMs of nondiabetic control mice indicated that 2-ketohexanoic acid and deoxyadenosine monophosphate were significantly abundant, and acetylcholine and pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) were significantly less abundant in T2DM mice AMs infected with Mtb. 2-Ketohexanoic acid enhanced expression of TNFR1, RIPK3, MLKL and inflammatory cytokine production in the lungs of Mtb-infected nondiabetic mice. In contrast, pyridoxine inhibited RIPK3, MLKL and enhanced expression of Caspase 3 (apoptosis marker) in the lungs of Mtb-infected T2DM mice. Our findings demonstrate that metabolic changes in Mtb-infected T2DM mice enhance TNFR1-mediated necroptosis of AMs, which leads to excess inflammation and lung pathology.
Topics: Animals; Necroptosis; Mice; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Macrophages, Alveolar; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Tuberculosis; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Male; Cytokines
PubMed: 38728367
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012148 -
Food Science & Nutrition May 2024Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed in the final step of the nonenzymatic Maillard reaction, which can contribute to various health problems such as...
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed in the final step of the nonenzymatic Maillard reaction, which can contribute to various health problems such as diabetes mellitus, renal failure, and chronic inflammation. Bioactive compounds with antiglycation properties have the potential to inhibit AGE-related diseases. This study investigated the antiglycation potential of pistachio green hull (PGH) and pomegranate peel (PP) extracts, which are polyphenol-rich agro-residues, against fluorescent AGE formation and compared the results with pyridoxine (vitamin B6), metformin, and EDTA (as usual chemical antiglycation agents). The results showed that PGH and PP effectively inhibited the formation of AGEs in bovine serum albumin-glucose (BSA-Glu) and BSA-fructose (BSA-Fru) with antiglycation activities ranging from 92% to 97%. PP extract (with an IC of 94 mg ml) had a greater antiglycation ability than PGH extract (with an IC of 142 mg ml). Also, results indicated that the antiglycation activities of the extracts were comparable to that of pyridoxine, and higher than metformin and EDTA. These findings suggest that the two studied extracts can be used for sustainable production of high-added-value food products with a positive effect on consumers' health.
PubMed: 38726394
DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4039