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Scientific Reports Jun 2024Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D...
Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D deficiency in a Taiwanese IBD cohort. Vitamin D levels were checked in adult patients with IBD who were treated at Changhua Christian Hospital, a medical center in central Taiwan, from January 2017 to December 2023. The risk factors for vitamin D deficiency were evaluated. 106 adult IBD patients were included, including 20 patients with Crohn's disease and 86 with ulcerative colitis. The median age at diagnosis was 39.2 years. The mean vitamin D level was 22.2 ± 8 ng/mL. Forty-five patients (42.5%) had vitamin D deficiency (vitamin D level < 20 ng/mL). Comparing patients with normal vitamin D levels and those with vitamin D deficiency after multivariate adjustment, female sex and early age at diagnosis were identified as statistically significant risk factors. We found a prevalence of 42.5% of vitamin D deficiency in the Taiwanese IBD population. Understanding this issue is essential for teaching patients and doctors about vitamin D deficiency screening and improving patient outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Vitamin D Deficiency; Female; Male; Taiwan; Adult; Prevalence; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Vitamin D; Crohn Disease; Colitis, Ulcerative; Young Adult; Aged
PubMed: 38890510
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64930-8 -
Frontiers in Nutrition 2024India has a high prevalence of Vitamin D insufficiency among women of childbearing age. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential relationship between Vitamin D...
INTRODUCTION
India has a high prevalence of Vitamin D insufficiency among women of childbearing age. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential relationship between Vitamin D deficiency and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and low birth weight (LBW) of newborns in the "Maternal antecedents of adiposity and studying the transgenerational role of hyperglycaemia and insulin" (MAASTHI) birth cohort.
METHODS
A prospective cohort study involving 230 participants was conducted in public hospitals located in urban Bengaluru, India. Healthy pregnant women who visited these hospitals for antenatal care (ANC) and who were between 14 and 36 weeks of gestational age were recruited after obtaining their informed consent. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was administered between 24 and 36 weeks of pregnancy and blood samples were preserved at -80°C for Vitamin D analysis. Follow-up at birth included recording the child's birth weight.
RESULTS
We found that 178 (77.4%) of the study participants were vitamin D deficient, 44 (19.1%) were diagnosed with GDM, and 64 (27.8%) gave birth to LBW babies. Women in the lowest quartile of serum Vitamin D levels had three times higher odds of developing GDM than women in the higher quartiles [OR = 3.22 (95% CI: 1.03, 10.07), = 0.04] after adjusting for age, parity, socioeconomic status, season, and adiposity. For every one-unit increase in Vitamin D levels, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) decreased by nearly 18%. Furthermore, causal mediation analysis showed that a decrease in one unit of Vitamin D is associated with a decrease of 0.015 units of fasting blood sugar (FBS) and 0.019 units of postprandial blood sugar (PPBS) as it flows through the mediator variable insulin resistance. Vitamin D-deficient women were twice at risk of giving birth to LBW babies (OR 2.04, 95% CI 0.99, 4.19, = 0.05).
DISCUSSIONS
Low levels of Vitamin D during pregnancy are associated with a greater risk of pregnant women developing GDM and giving birth to LBW babies in urban Bengaluru.
PubMed: 38887504
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1352617 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2024This study explores tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) through a case series and literature review, assessing the diagnostic potential of F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide (F-OC)... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
This study explores tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) through a case series and literature review, assessing the diagnostic potential of F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide (F-OC) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT).
METHODS
We analyzed TIO patients who underwent F-OC PET/CT. Parameters such as tumor dimension, the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) were meticulously assessed. Clinical features and imaging characteristics pertinent to TIO were reviewed.
RESULTS
6 patients with clinical suspicion of TIO exhibited hypophosphatemia (0.25 to 0.64 mmol/L), elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels (142 to 506 U/L), and increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (92.9 to 281.7 pg/mL). Of these patients, two underwent FGF-23 testing, with results of 3185.00 pg/ml and 17.56 pg/ml, respectively. Conventional imaging modalities depicted widespread osteoporosis, with several cases demonstrating fractures indicative of osteomalacic and associated pathological fractures. Subsequent F-OC PET/CT facilitated the accurate localization of causative tumors, with histopathological examination confirming the diagnosis of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT). The interval from initial clinical presentation to definitive TIO diagnosis spanned approximately 2.5 years (range: 1 - 4 years), with tumors varying in size (maximum diameter: 7.8 to 40.0 mm), SUVmax (5.47 to 25.69), SUVmean (3.43 to 7.26), and MTV (1.27 to 18.59 cm).
CONCLUSION
The implementation of whole-body F-OC PET/CT imaging emerges as a critical tool in the identification of occult tumors causing TIO. Future investigations incorporating a broader cohort are imperative to further delineate the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of F-OC PET/CT in managing TIO.
Topics: Humans; Fibroblast Growth Factor-23; Fluorine Radioisotopes; Heterocyclic Compounds; Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring; Neoplasms, Connective Tissue; Octreotide; Osteomalacia; Paraneoplastic Syndromes; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 38887276
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1400751 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2024Low serum 25(OH)D levels (< 30 nmol/L) have been associated with increased depressive symptom scores over time, and it is believed that functionality may play a...
Association between vitamin D insufficiency and depressive symptoms, and functional disability in community-dwelling Brazilian older adults: results from ELSI-Brazil study.
Low serum 25(OH)D levels (< 30 nmol/L) have been associated with increased depressive symptom scores over time, and it is believed that functionality may play a mediating role in the relationship between 25(OH)D and depressive symptoms. To comprehend the association between these factors could have significant implications for public health policy. The aim of this study was to verify the association between simultaneous vitamin D insufficiency and depressive symptoms, and functional disability in community-dwelling older adults. This was a cross-sectional study with data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), collected between 2015 and 2016. The outcomes were functional disability assessed through basic activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The exposures were vitamin D insufficiency (< 30 nmol/L) and depressive symptoms (≥ 4 points in 8-item version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression). Crude and adjusted Poisson regression was performed to estimate associations. A total of 1781 community-dwelling older adults included in this study, 14.6% had disability in ADL and 47.9% in IADL; 59.7% had vitamin D insufficient levels, and 33.2% depressive symptoms. The concomitant presence of vitamin D insufficient and depressive symptoms increased the prevalence of ADL by 2.20 (95% CI: 1.25; 3.86) and IADL by 1.54 (95% CI: 1.24; 1.91), respectively. Therefore, preventive strategies to keep older adults physically and socially active, with a good level of vitamin D, are essential to avoid depression and functional disability.
Topics: Humans; Brazil; Aged; Male; Vitamin D Deficiency; Female; Depression; Activities of Daily Living; Cross-Sectional Studies; Independent Living; Vitamin D; Disabled Persons; Longitudinal Studies; Middle Aged; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38886459
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62418-z -
Cureus May 2024Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the primary vestibular disorder causing peripheral vertigo. Given the role of vitamin D in maintaining otoconia...
INTRODUCTION
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the primary vestibular disorder causing peripheral vertigo. Given the role of vitamin D in maintaining otoconia homeostasis, its deficiency may elevate the risk of BPPV. Our study seeks to evaluate the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and clinical outcomes of patients with BPPV in the local Asian population.
METHODOLOGY
We performed a retrospective analysis of 149 consecutive adult patients referred to a tertiary center's Otolaryngology dizziness clinic between 2018 and 2021. All of these patients had both BPPV and vitamin D deficiency.
RESULTS
The mean serum vitamin D level was 19.4 ± 5.5 ng/mol. Approximately 51.7% (77/149) of patients experienced recurrent episodes of BPPV. Univariate Chi-square analyses demonstrated vitamin D levels ( < 0.001) and history of migraine (= 0.04) were related to BPPV recurrence. On multivariate analyses, patients with higher serum vitamin D levels were 16.7% less likely to develop recurrent BPPV (odds ratio [OR] 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76-0.90, < 0.001). However, migraine history was not significantly related to BPPV recurrence (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.14-1.00, = 0.050). There was no statistically significant difference in the duration of BPPV episodes based on vitamin D levels ( = 0.327).
CONCLUSIONS
Patients with vitamin D deficiency are at higher risk of recurrent BPPV. Future research directions that would be beneficial include conducting a randomized controlled trial to evaluate both the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation and its optimal dosage.
PubMed: 38883121
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60325 -
Biochemia Medica Jun 2024Many studies report vitamin D (25-OH-D) deficiency, although there is no consensus among scientific societies on cut-offs and reference intervals (RI). The aim of this...
INTRODUCTION
Many studies report vitamin D (25-OH-D) deficiency, although there is no consensus among scientific societies on cut-offs and reference intervals (RI). The aim of this study is to establish and compare RI for serum 25-OH-D by direct and indirect methods.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Two studies were performed in Zaragoza (Spain). A retrospective study (N = 7222) between January 2017 and April 2019 was used for RI calculation by indirect method and a prospective study (N = 312) with healthy volunteers recruited in August 2019 and February 2020 for direct method. Seasonal differences were investigated. Measurements were performed on Cobas C8000 (Roche-Diagnostics, Basel, Switzerland) using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay technology.
RESULTS
Reference intervals (2.5-97.5 percentile and corresponding 95% confidence intervals, CIs) were as follows: by indirect method 5.6 ng/mL (5.4 to 5.8) - 57.2 ng/mL (55.2 to 59.8), in winter 5.4 ng/mL (5.2 to 5.7) - 55.7 ng/mL (53.6 to 58.4), while in summer 5.9 ng/mL (5.4 to 6.2) - 59.9 ng/mL (56.3 to 62.9). By direct method 9.0 ng/mL (5.7 to 9.5) - 41.4 ng/mL (37.6 to 48.0), in winter 7.4 ng/mL (3.9 to 8.6) - 34.6 ng/mL (30.6 to 51.5), while in summer 13.3 ng/mL (10.1 to 14.1) - 44.1 ng/mL (38.9 to 66.0). In both methods, RIs were higher in summer. A significant difference was observed in 25-OH-D median values between the two methods (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Reference interval calculation according to the studied area may be a useful tool to adapt the deficiency cut-offs for 25-OH-D. Our data support 25-OH-D values over 12.0 ng/mL for healthy population as sufficient, therefore current recommendations should be updated. In addition, differences in seasonality should be taken into account.
Topics: Humans; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Reference Values; Female; Male; Adult; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Aged; Seasons; Young Adult; Pandemics; Adolescent; Immunoassay; Spain
PubMed: 38882584
DOI: 10.11613/BM.2024.020706 -
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and... 2024To explore the relationship between vitamin D (VitD) deficiency and the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 (apo B/A1) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
PURPOSE
To explore the relationship between vitamin D (VitD) deficiency and the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 (apo B/A1) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
METHODS
This was a retrospective study that lasted 2 years and 6 months, collecting information and laboratory data from 784 patients with T2DM. Patients were divided into VitD deficiency group (n = 433) and non-VitD deficiency group (n = 351) based on VitD levels. Calculated apo B/A1 ratio, and patients were further divided into high-apo B/A1 group (n = 392) and low-apo B/A1 group (n = 392) based on the median of the apo B/A1. All data were analyzed using Prism 8.0.1 and R version 4.3.1 software.
RESULTS
Apo B/A1 levels of T2DM patients combined with VitD deficiency was significantly higher than that of non-VitD deficiency patients, and the VitD levels of patients with high apo B/A1 was significantly lower than that patients with low apo B/A1 (all P<0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that VitD levels were negatively correlated with apo B/A1 (r=-0.238, P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed after adjusting other factors, VitD levels were significantly negatively associated with apo B/A1 (β=-0.123, P=0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis showed apoB/A1 was an independent risk factor for VitD deficiency in T2DM patients. Restrictive cubic spline indicated a significant linear relationship between apoB/A1 and VitD deficiency (P general trend <0.0001, P nonlinear = 0.0896), after stratification of gender, the results showed that apo B/A1 was more susceptible to VitD deficiency in female patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity of the apo B/A1 for VitD deficiency were 0.654, 66.3% and 59.8%, respectively.
CONCLUSION
The apo B/A1 was significantly negatively associated with VitD levels and an independent risk factor for VitD deficiency in patients with T2DM.
PubMed: 38881697
DOI: 10.2147/DMSO.S465391 -
Brain and Behavior Jun 2024The research intended to probe the connection between the risk of stroke and serum vitamin D levels. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
The research intended to probe the connection between the risk of stroke and serum vitamin D levels.
METHODS
Three electronic databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed) were searched according to the subject terms from inception until July 29, 2022, and retrieved researches were screened on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two investigators conducted the quality assessment and data extraction. Using Stata 16.0 software, a meta-analysis was conducted on the extracted data.
FINDINGS
In total, 27 studies with 45,302 participants were included. Among these studies, 20 focused on stroke risk, while 7 examined stroke prognosis. According to the meta-analysis findings, it was observed that a higher stroke risk is connected to reduced levels of serum vitamin D. This association was reflected in a combined relative risk (RR) of 1 .28 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15-1.42) and a worse prognosis after stroke (RR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.90-4.60). Additional analysis indicated that no apparent relationship between a decrease in vitamin D and the probability of experiencing a hemorrhagic stroke was found. The RR found was 1.93 (95% CI: 0.95-3.95). On the other hand, it was observed that a reduction in serum vitamin D levels was linked to an elevated likelihood of developing an ischemic stroke. The RR identified was 1.72 (95% CI: 1.78-2.03). Moreover, a lower level of vitamin D in the bloodstream was associated with a more unfavorable prognosis for individuals who suffered from a stroke. The RR for this correlation was 2.95 (95% CI: 1.90-4.60). However, further research is required to confirm the above-mentioned findings.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, lower concentration vitamin D was found to be related to an increased risk of stroke, which could mainly be reflected in ischemic stroke patients but not in patients with hemorrhagic stroke. A lower serum vitamin D level was correlative with the poor prognosis of stroke.
Topics: Humans; Prognosis; Stroke; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Risk Factors; Ischemic Stroke
PubMed: 38873864
DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3577 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2024Hereditary Vitamin D-dependent rickets type II (HVDDR-type II) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by molecular variation in the gene encoding the vitamin D...
INTRODUCTION
Hereditary Vitamin D-dependent rickets type II (HVDDR-type II) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by molecular variation in the gene encoding the vitamin D receptor (VDR). This study aims to evaluate phenotype and genotype characteristics and long-term follow-up of the largest group of patients with (HVDDR-type II) in Saudi Arabia.
METHODOLOGY
We conducted a retrospective chart review to collect the clinical, biochemical, and genetic data for all HVDDR-type II patients currently receiving treatment at King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
RESULTS
A total of 42 patients, 57.1% female, and 42.9% male were included in the study. Seven patients were treated with high doses of oral calcium, while 35 patients were treated with IV calcium infusion. The median age at presentation was 15.5 months. Alopecia was found in 97.6%, 21.4% presented with bowing legs, 14.3% with delayed walking, 9.5% with seizure, and 2.4% presented with respiratory failure, while a family history of the disease was positive in 71.4% of total patients. Molecular genetic testing of the VDR gene in our cohort identified six different gene variants c.885 C>A (p.Tyr295Ter), c.88 C>T (p.Arg30Ter), c.1036G>A (p.Val346Met), c.820C>T (p.Arg274Cys), c.803 T>C (p.Ile268Thr), and c.2T>G (p.Met1?).
CONCLUSION
We are describing the largest cohort of patients with HVDDR-type II, their clinical biochemical findings, and the most prevalent genetic variants in our population.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Saudi Arabia; Retrospective Studies; Receptors, Calcitriol; Infant; Child, Preschool; Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets; Child; Follow-Up Studies; Vitamin D; Calcium; Genotype
PubMed: 38872968
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1365714 -
Journal of Health, Population, and... Jun 2024Recently, Serum vitamin D (Vit. D) levels evaluation and the use of Vit. D supplements have increased substantially. There is no specific guideline for the duration of...
BACKGROUND
Recently, Serum vitamin D (Vit. D) levels evaluation and the use of Vit. D supplements have increased substantially. There is no specific guideline for the duration of Vit. D supplementation, so yet Vit. D supplementation duration has remained a critical and controversial issue. This study aimed to determine the vit. D supplementation duration to reach an adequate or optimal Vit. D status and its effect on lipid profile.
METHODS
In this longitudinal study, 345 women with different status of Vit. D levels were enrolled and followed up for one year. Eligible participants received 50,000 IU Vit. D (cholecalciferol) once a month for 12 consecutive months. The serum Vit. D levels and lipid profiles were measured at baseline, 3rd, 6th, and 12th months after the intervention. Participants were categorized based on Vit. D level at baseline into deficiency (< 20 ng/mL), inadequate (20-30 ng/mL), and adequate (> 30 ng/mL) groups, and the data were compared at different times between the three groups.
RESULTS
Three deficiency (n = 73), inadequate (n = 138) and adequate (n = 134) groups of participants were followed. In all participants the average amount of Vit. D level changes were 8 ng/mL after one year of supplementation. The mean changes of serum Vit. D level in 6th and 12th months vs. 3th month was as below: In deficiency group: 4.08 ± 0.85 and 10.01 ± 1.02 ng/mL; (p < 0.001), in inadequate group: 3.07 ± 0.59 and 7.26 ± 0.78 ng/mL; (p = 0.001) and in adequate group: 2.02 ± 0.88 and 6.44 ± 1.005 ng/ml; (p = 0.001). Lipid profiles were improved in three groups. So, the mean changes of lipid profiles at the end of the study comparing with the baseline were: -5.86 ± 2.09, -7.22 ± 1.43 and - 6.17 ± 1.72 (mg/dl) for LDL (p < 0.05); -12.24 ± 3.08, -13.64 ± 3.21 and - 17.81 ± 2.94 (mg/dl) for cholesterol (p < 0.05) in deficiency, inadequate and adequate groups, respectively. For triglyceride, the mean changes were - 13.24 ± 5.78 and - 15.85 ± 7.49 (mg/dl) in deficiency and adequate groups, respectively (p < 0.05). Although the triglyceride decreased in the inadequate group at the end of the study but this difference was not significant (p = 0.67).
CONCLUSION
Taking of 50,000 IU Vit. D 3 monthly for 12 months resulted in reaching its level to adequate level in both deficiency and insufficient groups; however, in the adequate group its level did not reach above than 50 ng/mL. Therefore, 50,000 IU Vit. D supplementation monthly for one year can have beneficial effects on lipid profiles and there is no risk of toxicity in healthy women.
Topics: Humans; Female; Longitudinal Studies; Dietary Supplements; Vitamin D Deficiency; Adult; Vitamin D; Lipids; Middle Aged; Cholecalciferol; Time Factors; Young Adult; Triglycerides
PubMed: 38867281
DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00576-6