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Heliyon May 2024Studies that were carried out previously on learning outcomes focused mainly on the student's cognitive domain while identifying factors that predicted it. More so, most...
Academic optimism, capital indicators as predictors of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor learning outcome among students in secondary school. Hierarchical regression approach (HRA).
BACKGROUND
Studies that were carried out previously on learning outcomes focused mainly on the student's cognitive domain while identifying factors that predicted it. More so, most of the learner's assessments in school are largely dependent on the score obtained from specific subjects by the learner, and efforts to address other domains of instruction such as affective and psychomotor domains have been minimal or absent in regard to the variables selected for the study. This study therefore sought to address that gap by finding out the relative and composite contribution of academic optimism and capital indicators to the learning outcomes (of students.
METHODS
The study adopted a correlational design with a multistage sampling technique to select a total of 534 senior secondary class II students. Two research instruments, the Academic Optimism and Capital Indicators Scale (AOCIS) and the Learning Outcomes Scale (LOS), were used for data collection. Exploratory and confirmatory factors analysis were used to assess the dimensionality of the items and factor structure of the scales. The psychometric properties obtained for scale were adequate for the instrument to be adjudged valid and reliable.The collected data were analysed using the hierarchical regression approach (HRA).
RESULTS
The findings of the study revealed that academic emphasis, collective efficacy, faculty trust, social capital, economic capital, and cultural capital, relatively and jointly, predict overall learning outcomes (cognitive, affective, and psychomotor construct). The result showed that there was an increased proportion of variance with each addition of a predictor to the model. Social capital reduced the percentage change at the initial time, but with the addition of economic capital, the proportion of change increased among others in the subsequent model examination.
CONCLUSION
/implication: The study provides knowledge and empirical evidence that academic optimism and capital indicators, with their dimensions, affect composite learning outcomes among students. This study will help school ministries, policymakers, and curriculum planners make sure that the educational objectives, philosophies, and programmes are planned to reflect the total learner in order to produce the total learner that will effect changes in the society. This study has provided evidence that academic inputs and capital indicators are crucial indices of their learning outcomes in the three area of learning. The ability of the school to emphasise academics, ensure that all school agents are committed to instructional delivery, and gain the trust of parents is crucial for adequate support to enhance students learning outcomes. The outcome has implication for policy development and providing a climate that can stimulate equity, trust and motivation.
PubMed: 38765071
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30773 -
Supportive Care in Cancer : Official... May 2024This study aims to analyze the relationship between the quality of life and sex roles of women diagnosed with cancer and undergoing brachytherapy.
PURPOSE
This study aims to analyze the relationship between the quality of life and sex roles of women diagnosed with cancer and undergoing brachytherapy.
METHODS
The research is a cross-sectional descriptive study. The sample of the study included 116 women over 35 years old who were diagnosed with a gynecologic cancer and underwent intracavitary brachytherapy at the Radiation Oncology Department of a university hospital. Personal information form, SF-36 the Quality of Life Scale, and BEM Sex Role Inventory were used in the study. The researcher collected the data through face-to-face interview. The data were collected in the nurses' room after 3 different brachytherapy treatments that patients received weekly.
RESULTS
It was found that the average score of the physical functioning subscale was 32.80 ± 24.33, the average score of role physical was 15.43 ± 28.78, the average score of role emotional was 17.81 ± 28.96, the average score of vitality was 39.13 ± 16.12, the average score of social functioning was 43.53 ± 20.55, the score average of pain was 50.0 ± 20.09, the average score of general health was 42.67 ± 14.61, and the general health of mental health was 55.86 ± 16.12. In the BEM sex roles scale, the average score of BEM femininity was 105.56 ± 13.95, and the average score of BEM masculinity was 80.61 ± 12.77. In our study, a very low, negative, and significant relationship was determined between the role of femininity and emotional role limitation, physical functionality, social functionality, and general health perception in the women undergoing brachytherapy (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the findings of the present study, we can state that an increase in the "role of femininity" in women undergoing brachytherapy was effective in the decrease in the quality of lives of women. It can be claimed that the results will be a guidance for the nurses who will play an important role in increasing the quality of lives of the women undergoing brachytherapy.
Topics: Humans; Female; Brachytherapy; Quality of Life; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Adult; Middle Aged; Surveys and Questionnaires; Aged
PubMed: 38763929
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08559-3 -
Cancer Cell International May 2024Mousedouble minute 2 (MDM2) is one of the molecules activated by p53 and plays an important role in the regulation of p53. MDM2 is generally believed to function as a... (Review)
Review
Mousedouble minute 2 (MDM2) is one of the molecules activated by p53 and plays an important role in the regulation of p53. MDM2 is generally believed to function as a negative regulator of p53 by facilitating its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Consequently, blocked p53 activity often fails in damaged cells to undergo cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. Given that around 50% of human cancers involve the inactivation of p53 through genetic mutations, and directly targeting p53 through drug development has limited feasibility, targeting molecular regulation related to p53 has great potential and has become a research hotspot. For example, developing drugs that target the interaction between p53 and MDM2. Such drugs aim to reactivate p53 by targeting either MDM2 binding or p53 phosphorylation. Researchers have identified various compounds that can serve as inhibitors, either by directly binding to MDM2 or by modifying p53 through phosphorylation. Furthermore, a significant correlation exists between the expression of MDM2 in tumors and the effectiveness of immunotherapy, predominantly in the context of immune checkpoint inhibition. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the molecular characteristics of MDM2 and the current state of research on MDM2-targeting inhibitors. It includes a review of the impact of MDM2 targeting on the efficacy of immunotherapy, providing guidance and direction for the development of drugs targeting the p53-MDM2 interaction and optimization of immunotherapy.
PubMed: 38741108
DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03356-8 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2024This study analyzes panel data of Chinese cities from 2003 to 2018 as a sample in the context of the dual circulation strategy in China to ascertain the impact of urban...
This study analyzes panel data of Chinese cities from 2003 to 2018 as a sample in the context of the dual circulation strategy in China to ascertain the impact of urban healthcare development on medical collaborative innovation efficiency by using the GS2SLS method. Furthermore, it empirically examines the influence mechanism of regional healthcare development on medical collaborative innovation efficiency by using a threshold regression model. Additionally, we identified the heterogeneity of this impact in different cities. The results show the following: (1) There is a significant positive spatial correlation between regional healthcare development and medical collaborative innovation efficiency; (2) Under the dual circulation strategy, the regional investment level in international circulation has the most significant role in the overall strategy, and domestic circulation has been significantly improved after the launch of the innovation-driven strategy; (3) The results of the threshold test show that while domestic and international circulation promote the efficiency of collaborative innovation by 0.83, the promotion effect is more obvious under a higher regional healthcare development level. The research in this paper can provide specific guidance for the development of China's healthcare industry under the background of dual-cycle strategy, and can also provide valuable reference for developing countries in the world.
Topics: China; Humans; Cities; Cooperative Behavior; Delivery of Health Care; Efficiency, Organizational
PubMed: 38737859
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1371867 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2023Based on Conservation of Resources Theory, this study tries to reveal the mechanism of action of work connectivity behavior after-hours triggering employees' time...
Based on Conservation of Resources Theory, this study tries to reveal the mechanism of action of work connectivity behavior after-hours triggering employees' time banditry behavior. By using Mplus7.4 software the analysis of 429 leader-employee paired data collected in three stages reveals that work connectivity behavior after-hours has a positive effect on work alienation and psychological distress. Work alienation and psychological distress mediates the relationship between work connectivity behavior after-hours and employees' time banditry behavior, respectively. In addition, organization-based self-esteem mitigates the positive effects of work connectivity behavior after-hours on work alienation and psychological distress, which in turn also moderates the indirect effects of work connectivity behavior after-hours on employees' time banditry behavior through work alienation and psychological distress, respectively. This study provides practical guidance for organizations to reduce employee time banditry behavior and human resource management practices in the new technological environment.
PubMed: 38736677
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1322313 -
BMC Psychology May 2024During emerging adulthood, vocational indecision (i.e., the inability to make coherent career choices) develops in a heterogeneous fashion, with three distinct patterns:...
BACKGROUND, OBJECTIVE AND HYPOTHESES
During emerging adulthood, vocational indecision (i.e., the inability to make coherent career choices) develops in a heterogeneous fashion, with three distinct patterns: low; decreasing (i.e., developmental or adaptative); high and stable or increasing (i.e., chronic or maladaptive). Among the determinants of vocational indecision that have been identified in past research, academic motivation is a crucial an excellent choice, since it is at school that students' vocational choices are validated or not. According to SDT, this motivation can vary both in quantity and quality, and students tend to experience more positive academic outcomes when their motivational profile is optimal (high quantity, high quality) as opposed to suboptimal (e.g., low quantity, low quality). Thus, the purpose of this longitudinal study was to verify if the patterns found with emerging adulthood students characterized vocational indecision in adolescent students, and if supported, to predict the belonging to the most problematic trajectory by using students' academic motivational profiles. We expected several distinct trajectories of vocational indecision that would differ in shape and magnitude, and several motivational profiles that vary in quality as well as in quantity. We also expected students in high-quality or quantity motivational profiles to be less likely to follow a chronic indecision trajectory.
METHOD AND RESULTS
Using data from 384 students (56% female; Mage = 13.52 years; SD = .52 at Secondary 2) surveyed annually from Secondary 2 to 5, person-centered analyses enabled estimation of motivational profile in Secondary 2 and vocational indecision trajectories during the 4-year period. Results revealed four distinct patterns of vocational indecision during adolescence labelled Low and Stable, Moderate and Stable, Developmental and Chronic Intermittent. Four motivational profiles were also identified in Secondary 2, ranging from poor (Highly Amotivated) to moderate (Autonomous-Introjected) quality of self-determination level. Also, in reference to the most self-determined profile, students in the Mixed profile were at greatest risk of following Chronically-Intermittently Undecided trajectory. Finally, the most self-determined students were at greatest probability of following the Developmentally Undecided trajectory.
CONCLUSION
Overall, the findings suggest that the student motivational functioning in early secondary school years could be used to identify students at risk of experiencing the negative indecision patterns across secondary school. Several theoretical and practical implications are suggested.
Topics: Humans; Motivation; Adolescent; Female; Male; Career Choice; Longitudinal Studies; Students; Young Adult; Adolescent Behavior
PubMed: 38702790
DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01747-0 -
Heliyon Apr 2024Major groups matching industrial groups in higher vocational colleges is the requirement of integration of industry and education. It is a talent cultivation mode based...
Major groups matching industrial groups in higher vocational colleges is the requirement of integration of industry and education. It is a talent cultivation mode based on the demand of regional advantageous industrial groups for talent quality. It is significant to improve the rationality of professional settings in colleges and promote the development of the economy. This study takes the Yi-Jing-Jing Metropolitan area as a case and uses the coupling coordination model to measure the matching degree of the industrial groups and the major groups. The conclusion is as follows: major groups and industrial groups in this region do not match well, and pay insufficient attention to the development of emerging advantageous industries. Some majors have not adapted to the characteristics of the current era and cannot meet the future development of the industry. According to the research results, it is proposed to strengthen policy guidance, based on changes in demand, and adjust the course content and other aspects to promote the matching of major groups and regional advantageous industrial groups.
PubMed: 38699745
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29945 -
Frontiers in Chemistry 2024The development of two-dimensional (2D) materials has received wide attention as a generation of optoelectronics, thermoelectric, and other applications. In this study,...
The development of two-dimensional (2D) materials has received wide attention as a generation of optoelectronics, thermoelectric, and other applications. In this study, a novel 2D material, PbN, is proposed as an elemental method using the prototype of a recent reported nitride ( 2023, 127, 43, 21,006-21014). Based on first-principle calculations, the PbN monolayer is investigated as stable at 900 K, and the isotropic mechanical behavior is addressed by the Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio at 67.4 N m and 0.15, respectively. The PbN monolayer also presents excellent catalytic performance with Gibbs free energy of 0.41 eV. Zero bandgap is found for the PbN monolayer, and it can be opened at about 0.128 eV by forming a heterostructure with CdO. Furthermore, the PbN/CdO is constructed by Van der Waals interaction, while the apparent potential drop and charge transfer are investigated at the interface. The PbN/CdO heterostructure also possesses excellent light absorption properties. The results provide theoretical guidance for the design of layered functional materials.
PubMed: 38698935
DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1382850 -
Cancer Science Apr 2024Enhancing sensitivity to sorafenib can significantly extend the duration of resistance to it, offering substantial benefits for treating patients with hepatocellular...
Enhancing sensitivity to sorafenib can significantly extend the duration of resistance to it, offering substantial benefits for treating patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role of ferroptosis in influencing sorafenib sensitivity within HCC remains pivotal. The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) plays a significant role in promoting malignant progression in HCC, yet the relationship between ferroptosis, sorafenib sensitivity, and EZH2 is not entirely clear. Bioinformatic analysis indicates elevated EZH2 expression in HCC, predicting an unfavorable prognosis. Overexpressing EZH2 can drive HCC cell proliferation while simultaneously reducing ferroptosis. Further analysis reveals that EZH2 amplifies the modification of H3K27 me3, thereby influencing TFR2 expression. This results in decreased RNA polymerase II binding within the TFR2 promoter region, leading to reduced TFR2 expression. Knocking down EZH2 amplifies sorafenib sensitivity in HCC cells. In sorafenib-resistant HepG2(HepG2-SR) cells, the expression of EZH2 is increased. Moreover, combining tazemetostat-an EZH2 inhibitor-with sorafenib demonstrates significant synergistic ferroptosis-promoting effects in HepG2-SR cells. In conclusion, our study illustrates how EZH2 epigenetically regulates TFR2 expression through H3K27 me3, thereby suppressing ferroptosis. The combination of the tazemetostat with sorafenib exhibits superior synergistic effects in anticancer therapy and sensitizes the HepG2-SR cells to sorafenib, shedding new light on delaying and ameliorating sorafenib resistance.
PubMed: 38623968
DOI: 10.1111/cas.16186 -
BMC Plant Biology Apr 2024Stephania kwangsiensis Lo (Menispermaceae) is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine, and its bulbous stems are used medicinally. The storage stem of S. kwangsiensis...
Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses provide insights into regulation mechanisms during bulbous stem development in the Chinese medicinal herb plant, Stephania kwangsiensis.
BACKGROUND
Stephania kwangsiensis Lo (Menispermaceae) is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine, and its bulbous stems are used medicinally. The storage stem of S. kwangsiensis originated from the hypocotyls. To date, there are no reports on the growth and development of S. kwangsiensis storage stems.
RESULTS
The bulbous stem of S. kwangsiensis, the starch diameter was larger at the stable expanding stage (S3T) than at the unexpanded stage (S1T) or the rapidly expanding stage (S2T) at the three different time points. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and Illumina sequencing to identify key genes involved in bulbous stem development. A large number of differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Based on the differential expression profiles of the metabolites, alkaloids, lipids, and phenolic acids were the top three differentially expressed classes. Compared with S2T, significant changes in plant signal transduction and isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis pathways occurred at both the transcriptional and metabolic levels in S1T. In S2T compared with S3T, several metabolites involved in tyrosine metabolism were decreased. Temporal analysis of S1T to S3T indicated the downregulation of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, including lignin biosynthesis. The annotation of key pathways showed an up-down trend for genes and metabolites involved in isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis, whereas phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was not completely consistent.
CONCLUSIONS
Downregulation of the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway may be the result of carbon flow into alkaloid synthesis and storage of lipids and starch during the development of S. kwangsiensis bulbous stems. A decrease in the number of metabolites involved in tyrosine metabolism may also lead to a decrease in the upstream substrates of phenylpropane biosynthesis. Downregulation of lignin synthesis during phenylpropanoid biosynthesis may loosen restrictions on bulbous stem expansion. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome profiles of S. kwangsiensis bulbous stems. These data provide guidance for the cultivation, breeding, and harvesting of S. kwangsiensis.
Topics: Stephania; Plants, Medicinal; Chromatography, Liquid; Lignin; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Plant Breeding; Gene Expression Profiling; Transcriptome; Alkaloids; Starch; Isoquinolines; Tyrosine; Lipids; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
PubMed: 38605285
DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04956-2