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Journal of Investigative Medicine High... 2024Cases of vulvovaginitis caused by genus are exceedingly uncommon, with only a handful of instances having been described for this causative species. This report...
Cases of vulvovaginitis caused by genus are exceedingly uncommon, with only a handful of instances having been described for this causative species. This report describes a rare case of vulvovaginitis suspected to be caused by in a 58-year-old woman residing in an urban area of Hanoi city, Vietnam. The patient with a 10-year history of depression and type 2 diabetes mellitus was admitted to the hospital due to vulvar itching and vaginal discharge. Vaginal swabs confirmed the presence of a yeast infection by direct microscopic examination with 10% KOH and culture on CHROMagar Candida. The yeast was identified as using genetic sequencing tools. The patient's treatment plan involved topical clotrimazole and a daily oral dose of 200 mg of itraconazole for 7 days. This comprehensive treatment approach resulted in the patient's full recovery. This is the first reported case of vulvovaginitis attributed to in humans worldwide.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Vietnam; Vulvovaginitis; Basidiomycota
PubMed: 38462914
DOI: 10.1177/23247096241237756 -
Maturitas May 2024To assess clinical characteristics of postmenopausal women with moderate/severe vulvovaginal atrophy, as well as its impact on sexual function, well-being, and quality... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
OBJECTIVES
To assess clinical characteristics of postmenopausal women with moderate/severe vulvovaginal atrophy, as well as its impact on sexual function, well-being, and quality of life, and to provide an overview of most used treatments.
STUDY DESIGN
Ongoing longitudinal, observational study conducted in 17 Italian gynecology centers, involving women already treated or initiating a local vaginal estrogen therapy or ospemifene. We report baseline data for women with and without a history of breast cancer. Participants filled in self-reported questionnaires at study entry.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Severity of vulvovaginal atrophy; ongoing treatments; patient-reported outcomes, including severity of symptoms, Day-to-Day Impact of Vaginal Aging (DIVA), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised (FSDS-R), and SF-12® Health Survey.
RESULTS
Overall, 334 women (20.4 % with a history of breast cancer) started or continued local therapy (61.1 %) or ospemifene (38.8 %) at study entry. Vulvovaginal atrophy was severe in 28.6 %, and was responsible for severe symptoms, particularly vulvar dryness with burning or irritation and pain during sexual intercourse. Both sexual dysfunction (FSFI≤26) (81.5 %) and sexual distress (FSDS-R ≥ 11) (74.4 %) were common. A reduction in the SF-12 mental component score was documented. Women with breast cancer more often had severe vulvovaginal atrophy (41.2 %), had more severe symptoms, and the impact of vaginal symptoms on emotional well-being, sexual functioning and self-concept/body image was greater. The majority of them (83.8 %) received ospemifene as a treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
Moderate/severe vulvovaginal atrophy is a common, often neglected condition with an impact on QoL and sexuality, particularly in women with a history of breast cancer. It is important to alleviate the burden associated with the disease.
Topics: Female; Humans; Atrophy; Breast Neoplasms; Patient Satisfaction; Quality of Life; Tamoxifen; Vagina; Vaginal Diseases; Vulva
PubMed: 38462385
DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.107950 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2024Problems related to the quality of sexual life in gynecological practice are usually neglected. This study aimed to highlight the significance of this area of concern...
INTRODUCTION
Problems related to the quality of sexual life in gynecological practice are usually neglected. This study aimed to highlight the significance of this area of concern and evaluate the usefulness of tools, such as patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and pelvic floor examination, to improve women's sexual wellbeing and to identify predictors of poor quality of sexual life during the well-woman annual visit.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was designed to examine 300 healthy women to determine whether the sexual quality of life (SQOL) questionnaire (on electronic devices) and pelvic floor muscle assessment (the vulva, anus, muscles, and periurethral (VAMP) protocol) of asymptomatic women during the annual bimanual examination (BME) help differentiate patients who would benefit from discussing sexual problems with a gynecologist. Dyspareunia was an exclusion criterion.
RESULTS
The majority of subjects experienced high sexual wellbeing (82.0% with SQOL score of ≥84), with a mean of 85.7 points. SQOL scores were lower for psychiatric disorders or symptoms (37.0% of subjects), although they did not correlate with age, BMI, parity, contraception use, history of vulvovaginal symptoms, neurosurgical/orthopedic problems, and rectal, bowel, or bladder symptoms. Patients with dyspareunia (16.0% of participants, although they denied it during the face-to-face consultation) had a 3.6 times higher prevalence of low or moderate quality of sexual life. The VAMP protocol score was low in asymptomatic women, 33.0% met positive criteria (VAMP+, NRS ≥3) for pelvic floor dysfunction (overactivity), although at borderline levels. VAMP+ was positively correlated with chronic pain and genitourinary symptoms, but neither with dyspareunia nor incontinence, and was unrelated to the SQOL score ( = 0.151).
CONCLUSION
Women's sexual health is a global health priority. Finding a way to start a discussion with an asymptomatic patient is crucial to increasing patients' interest in disclosing a sexual health problem to be resolved. PROs or simple questions about sexual wellbeing direct the discussion mainly toward the at-risk group for sexual deterioration: those with mental health problems and women with dyspareunia. Dyspareunia is considered a predictor of decreased quality of sexual life, a major sexual disorder that should not be overlooked. Gynecological consultation should resolve concerns, identify the problem, and refer for professional sexual care if still needed.
PubMed: 38449880
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1289418 -
Medical Mycology Case Reports Mar 2024is emerging as a highly resistant species of the complex causing invasive and mucocutaneous infections. In this study, three cases of vulvovaginal candidiasis caused...
is emerging as a highly resistant species of the complex causing invasive and mucocutaneous infections. In this study, three cases of vulvovaginal candidiasis caused by are described and identified by Internal Transcribed Spacer 1-2 sequencing. All isolates were susceptible in vitro to anidulafungin, micafungin, caspofungin, 5-flucytosine, posaconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B, and showed dose-dependent susceptibility to fluconazole. In two patients, three doses of oral fluconazole were effective, while one patient developed clinical fluconazole resistance with a new relapse after 6 months. Increasing the weekly dose of fluconazole showed to be effective in this patient.
PubMed: 38444800
DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2024.100640 -
BMC Public Health Mar 2024Little attention has been given to the risk of high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) infection and cervical precancerous lesions among female migrant head porters...
BACKGROUND
Little attention has been given to the risk of high-risk human papillomavirus (hr-HPV) infection and cervical precancerous lesions among female migrant head porters (kayayei) in Ghana, as a vulnerable group, and to promote cervical screening in these women. This pilot study aimed to determine the prevalence of hr-HPV infection and cervical lesions among kayayei in Accra, the capital of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana and to describe our approach to triaging and treating these women.
METHODS
This descriptive cross-sectional cohort study involved the screening of 63 kayayei aged ≥ 18 years at the Tema Station and Agbogbloshie markets in March 2022 and May 2022. Concurrent hr-HPV DNA testing (with the MA-6000 platform) and visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) was performed. We present prevalence estimates for hr-HPV DNA positivity and VIA 'positivity' as rates, together with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We performed univariate and multivariable nominal logistic regression to explore factors associated with hr-HPV infection.
RESULTS
Gross vulvovaginal inspection revealed vulval warts in 3 (5.0%) and vaginal warts in 2 (3.3%) women. Overall, the rate of hr-HPV positivity was 33.3% (95% CI, 21.7-46.7), whereas the VIA 'positivity' rate was 8.3% (95% CI, 2.8-18.4). In the univariate logistic regression analysis, none of the sociodemographic and clinical variables assessed, including age, number of prior pregnancies, parity, past contraceptive use, or the presence of abnormal vaginal discharge showed statistically significant association with hr-HPV positivity. After controlling for age and past contraceptive use, only having fewer than two prior pregnancies (compared to having ≥ 2) was independently associated with reduced odds of hr-HPV infection (adjusted odds ratio, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02-0.69).
CONCLUSION
In this relatively young cohort with a high hr-HPV positivity rate of 33.3% and 8.3% of women showing cervical lesions on visual inspection, we posit that kayayei may have an increased risk of developing cervical cancer if their accessibility to cervical precancer screening services is not increased.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Male; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Papillomavirus Infections; Cross-Sectional Studies; Prevalence; Ghana; Early Detection of Cancer; Pilot Projects; Transients and Migrants; Risk Factors; Condylomata Acuminata; Acetic Acid; DNA, Viral; Contraceptive Agents
PubMed: 38429784
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18094-9 -
Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista... 2024
Topics: Female; Humans; Vulvovaginitis
PubMed: 38422261
DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.275237 -
JNMA; Journal of the Nepal Medical... Feb 2024Infective vaginal discharge is the most common complaint of the women of reproductive age group attending gynaecology outpatient department. Vaginal discharge may be...
INTRODUCTION
Infective vaginal discharge is the most common complaint of the women of reproductive age group attending gynaecology outpatient department. Vaginal discharge may be normal or abnormal. Infective vaginal discharge is usually related to one of the three conditions, like bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of infective vaginal discharge among women of the reproductive age in the outpatient department of a primary care centre.
METHODS
A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among women of the reproductive age group visiting the outpatient Department of the primary care hospital from 1 March 2022 to 1 August 2022 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
RESULTS
Among 138 patients, infective vaginal discharge was found in 42 (30.43%) (21.32-39.54, 95% Confidence Interval). Bacterial vaginosis was seen in 22 (52.38%), Candida was seen in 13 (30.95%), and Trichomonas was seen in 7 (16.66%) cases.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of infective vaginal discharge was lower as compared to other studies done in similar settings.
KEYWORDS
bacterial; candidiasis; prevalence; vaginitis.
Topics: Humans; Female; Vaginosis, Bacterial; Trichomonas Vaginitis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Outpatients; Vaginal Discharge; Primary Health Care
PubMed: 38409986
DOI: 10.31729/jnma.8432 -
Microorganisms Jan 2024Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common gynecologic disorder caused by fungal infections of the vaginal mucosa, with the most common pathogen being (). Exploring...
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common gynecologic disorder caused by fungal infections of the vaginal mucosa, with the most common pathogen being (). Exploring metabolite changes in the disease process facilitates further discovery of targets for disease treatment. However, studies on the metabolic changes caused by are still lacking. In this study, we used -infected vaginal epithelial cells to construct an in vitro model of VVC, analyzed the metabolites by UHPLC-Q-Exactive MS, and screened the potential metabolites based on metabolomics. The results showed that infection resulted in significant up-regulation of D-arabitol, palmitic acid, adenosine, etc.; significant down-regulation of lactic acid, nicotinamide (NAM), nicotinate (NA), etc.; and disruption of amino acid metabolism, and that these significantly altered metabolites might be potential therapeutic targets of VVC. Further experiments showed that infection led to a decrease in glycolytic enzymes in damaged cells, inhibiting glycolysis and leading to significant alterations in glycolytic metabolites. The present study explored the potential metabolites of VVC induced by infection based on metabolomics and verified the inhibitory effect of on vaginal epithelial cell glycolysis, which is valuable for the diagnosis and treatment of VVC.
PubMed: 38399696
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020292 -
Biomedicines Feb 2024Persister cells are a small fraction of the microbial population that survive lethal concentrations of antimicrobial agents. causes vaginal candidiasis, including...
Persister cells are a small fraction of the microbial population that survive lethal concentrations of antimicrobial agents. causes vaginal candidiasis, including recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis, and may survive common antifungal treatments. The triazole VT-1161 is an antifungal agent that specifically targets fungal CYP51, as opposed to the human CYP enzyme. This work illustrates a new role of VT-1161 in eradicating the biofilm created from the persister cells of a primary biofilm of a clinical vaginal isolate of . Antifungal activity was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and the primary biofilm was treated with amphotericin B to obtain persister cells that were able to form a new biofilm. Results obtained using the new azole VT-1161 showed that VT-1161 not only eradicated a secondary biofilm formed from the persister-derived biofilm and counteracted the adhesion of in vitro to human cells but also ameliorated -induced infection in vivo in larvae, suggesting that it could be proposed as an alternative therapeutic strategy for the treatment of recurrent candidiasis.
PubMed: 38397991
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020389 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Mar 2024We report here the genome sequence of a bubaline herpesvirus 1 isolated from Indian water buffalo. The bubaline herpesvirus 1 strain S102_1 was isolated in 2021 from a...
We report here the genome sequence of a bubaline herpesvirus 1 isolated from Indian water buffalo. The bubaline herpesvirus 1 strain S102_1 was isolated in 2021 from a Murrah buffalo heifer with clinical presentation of pustular vulvovaginitis.
PubMed: 38376342
DOI: 10.1128/mra.00889-23