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Transactions of the Royal Society of... Jan 2024Numerous studies have shown a correlation between dengue virus (DENV) infection and kidney disease. However, there is no existing meta-analysis on the prevalence of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Numerous studies have shown a correlation between dengue virus (DENV) infection and kidney disease. However, there is no existing meta-analysis on the prevalence of kidney diseases in the dengue population. A thorough systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken to determine the prevalence of renal problems in people with DENV infection in order to fill this knowledge gap. A rigorous electronic literature search was carried out up to 25 January 2023 in a number of databases, including ProQuest, EBSCOhost, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science. The search aimed to find articles that reported on the prevalence of kidney diseases in patients with DENV infection. Using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, the quality of the included studies was assessed. The meta-analysis included a total of 37 studies with 21 764 participants reporting on the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in individuals with DENV infection. The pooled prevalence of AKI in dengue patients was found to be 8% (95% confidence interval 6 to 11), with high heterogeneity across studies. The studies included are of moderate quality. The study revealed a high AKI prevalence in dengue patients, underlining the need for regular renal examination to detect AKI early and reduce hospitalization risk. Further research is needed to understand the dengue-kidney relationship and develop effective management strategies.
Topics: Humans; Prevalence; Acute Kidney Injury; Hospitalization; Dengue
PubMed: 37702193
DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad067 -
Life Sciences Oct 2023Flaviviruses infect arthropods and mammals and their pathologies are a considerable global health problem, affecting about 400 million people per year. The symptoms of... (Review)
Review
Flaviviruses infect arthropods and mammals and their pathologies are a considerable global health problem, affecting about 400 million people per year. The symptoms of these flaviviruses range from mild manifestations such as nausea, vomiting, and headache to more serious cases such as hemorrhage, meningitis, microcephaly, kidney, and liver failure. This review aims to compile the morphological changes that occur due to infections caused by dengue, yellow fever, and Zika viruses, as well as to describe possible mechanisms of action of such flaviviruses in the liver. PRISMA guidelines were used to search for studies associating flavivirus with liver disorders. Two independent reviewers selected the studies on PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus search platforms. The SYRCLE software was used for the evaluation of the study's quality. Eighteen experimental articles were included. The experimental animals often used in experiments were monkeys (5 %), hamsters (10 %), chicken embryos (10 %), and mice (75 %). It is evident that there is a strong hepatic interaction with flaviviruses, and the main hepatic alterations found were steatosis, apoptosis, necrosis, hemorrhage, elevation of ALT and AST levels, and total bilirubin. Flavivirus infection, in general, trigger an upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to structural changes in mitochondria that activate cascades of cellular death and promote insulin resistance. The majority of the studies primarily focus on dengue and yellow fever viruses, while the findings related to Zika virus exposure are still relatively limited and require further investigation.
Topics: Chick Embryo; Humans; Cricetinae; Animals; Mice; Flavivirus; Yellow Fever; Liver Diseases; Zika Virus; Dengue; Zika Virus Infection; Mammals
PubMed: 37683724
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122074 -
Journal of Infection and Public Health Oct 2023Dengue is caused by the dengue virus (DENVs) infection and clinical manifestations include dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), or dengue shock syndrome...
Dengue is caused by the dengue virus (DENVs) infection and clinical manifestations include dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), or dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Due to a lack of antiviral drugs and effective vaccines, several therapeutic and control strategies have been proposed. A systemic literature review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines to select proper references to give an overview of DENV infection. Results indicate that understanding the virus characteristics and epidemiology are essential to gain the basic and clinical knowledge as well as dengue disseminated pattern and status. Different factors and mechanisms are thought to be involved in the presentation of DHF and DSS, including antibody-dependent enhancement, immune dysregulation, viral virulence, host genetic susceptibility, and preexisting dengue antibodies. This study suggests that dissecting pathogenesis and risk factors as well as developing different types of therapeutic and control strategies against DENV infection are urgently needed.
Topics: Humans; Antiviral Agents; Dengue; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Risk Factors; Virulence
PubMed: 37595484
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.08.001 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Jul 2023Severe dengue often leads to poor clinical outcomes and high mortality; as a result, it is of vital importance to find prognostic factors associated with the severe form... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Severe dengue often leads to poor clinical outcomes and high mortality; as a result, it is of vital importance to find prognostic factors associated with the severe form of dengue. Obesity is known to deteriorate many infectious diseases due to impaired immune responses. Several studies have suggested that obese patients with dengue infection tend to have more severe manifestations with poorer prognosis. However, a firm conclusion could not be drawn due to the varied results of these studies. Here, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between obesity and dengue severity.
METHODS
A literature search for relevant studies was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Ovid Medline and Cochrane from inception to September 9, 2022. The two main keywords were "dengue" and "obesity". Mantel-Haenszel method and random effects model was used to analyze the pooled odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals.
RESULTS
A total of 15 article involving a total of 6,508 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Included patients in most studies were hospitalized pediatric patients. Only one study included adulthood data. Three cohort studies, four case-control studies, and one cross-sectional studies found a significant association between obesity and dengue severity. In contrast, three cohort studies, three case-control studies, and one cross-sectional study reported no significant relationship between obesity and dengue severity. Our analysis results showed that patient with obesity is 50% (OR = 1.50; 95%CI: 1.15-1.97) more likely to develop severe manifestation of dengue.
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis revealed that overweight could be a clinical predictor for severe disease for pediatric patients with dengue infection.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Obesity; Severe Dengue; Odds Ratio; Case-Control Studies
PubMed: 37525106
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08481-9 -
International Journal of Infectious... Sep 2023The burden of asymptomatic dengue infections is understudied. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the literature to estimate the global prevalence of asymptomatic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
The burden of asymptomatic dengue infections is understudied. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the literature to estimate the global prevalence of asymptomatic dengue infections.
METHODS
We searched cross-sectional studies reporting the prevalence of asymptomatic dengue infections from PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. Prevalence of asymptomatic dengue infections was pooled and reported as proportions with a 95% confidence interval (CI). This systematic review protocol was a priori registered in The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (Reg: No. CRD42020218446).
RESULTS
We included 41 studies with 131,953 cases in our analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of asymptomatic dengue infections was 59.26% (95% CI: 43.76-74.75, I = 99.93%), with 65.52% (95% CI: 38.73-92.32, I = 99.95%) during outbreaks and 30.78% (95% CI: 21.39-40.16, I = 98.78%) during non-outbreak periods. The pooled prevalence among the acutely infected individuals was 54.52% (95% CI: 17.73-46.76, I = 99.91%), whereas, among primary and secondary asymptomatic dengue infections, it was 65.36% (95% CI: 45.76-84.96, I = 98.82) and 48.99% (95% CI: 27.85-70.13, I = 99.08%) respectively.
CONCLUSION
The majority of dengue cases are asymptomatic and may play a significant role in disease transmission. Public health strategies aimed at dengue outbreak response and mitigation of disease burden should include early detection of asymptomatic cases.
Topics: Humans; Prevalence; Cross-Sectional Studies; Asymptomatic Infections; Coinfection; Dengue
PubMed: 37463631
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.07.010 -
Experimental Biology and Medicine... Oct 2023Dengue fever disease (DFD) which is caused by four antigenically distinct dengue viruses (DENV) presents a global health threat, with tropical and subtropical regions at...
Dengue fever disease (DFD) which is caused by four antigenically distinct dengue viruses (DENV) presents a global health threat, with tropical and subtropical regions at a greater risk. The paucity of epidemiological data on dengue in West African subregion endangers efforts geared toward disease control and prevention. A systematic search of DFD prevalence, incidence, and DENV-infected in West Africa was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, African Index Medicus, and Google Scholar in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 58 human prevalence studies involving 35,748 people from 8 countries were identified. Two incidence and six DENV-infected studies were also reviewed. Nigeria and Burkina Faso contributed the majority of the prevalence studies which spanned between 1968 and 2018, with a considerable variation in coverage among the countries reviewed in this study. An average prevalence of 20.97% was observed across both general prevalence and acute DENV infection study categories, ranging between 0.02% and 93%. The majority of these studies were conducted in acute febrile patients with a prevalence range of 0.02-93% while 19% ( = 11) of all studies were general population-based studies and reported a prevalence range of 17.2-75.8%. DENV-infected were reported in four out of the five countries with published reports; with DENV-2 found circulating in Cape Verde, Senegal, and Burkina Faso while DENV-3 and DENV-4 were also reported in Senegal and Cape Verde, respectively. High prevalence of DFD in human populations and the occurrence of DENV-infected have been reported in West Africa, even though weaknesses in study design were identified. Epidemiological data from most countries and population in the subregion were scarce or non-existent. This study highlights the epidemic risk of DFD in West Africa, and the need for research and surveillance to be prioritized to fill the data gap required to enact effective control measures.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Aedes; Burkina Faso; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dengue; Dengue Virus
PubMed: 37452719
DOI: 10.1177/15353702231181356 -
Journal of Vector Borne Diseases 2023The study aims to present an overview of the extent of insecticide resistance in the dengue vector Aedes aegypti in India. Published data on insecticide resistance in... (Review)
Review
The study aims to present an overview of the extent of insecticide resistance in the dengue vector Aedes aegypti in India. Published data on insecticide resistance in this species were systematically searched through online databases like PubMed, Google, and Google Scholar. From each study, data were extracted and analyzed to understand the spatial and temporal patterns. Particular emphasis was given to the commonly used insecticides for mosquito control. Forty-three studies met the inclusion criteria, of which 13 had adult bioassay data, 13 larval bioassay data and 17 contained both. Data demonstrated high resistance to DDT and resistance is also widespread against carbamates. There is mounting evidence of increased tolerance to pyrethroids and organophosphorus compounds, viz permethrin, deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, malathion, and temephos. The emergence of resistance to all the insecticide classes further justifies the need for annual resistance monitoring and to maintain a nationwide database that can provide a reference for formulating effective control strategies.
Topics: Animals; Insecticide Resistance; Aedes; Mosquito Vectors; Insecticides; Pyrethrins; India; Dengue
PubMed: 37417161
DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.361174 -
EBioMedicine Jul 2023Because the evidence for the role of structural housing and combinations of interventions (domestic or peri-domestic) against Aedes mosquitoes or dengue is still... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Because the evidence for the role of structural housing and combinations of interventions (domestic or peri-domestic) against Aedes mosquitoes or dengue is still lacking, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyse and synthesize research focusing on the household as the unit of allocation.
METHODS
We searched MEDLINE, LILACS, and Web of Science databases until February 2023 using three general keyword categories: (1) "Aedes" or "dengue"; (2) structural housing interventions including "house", "water", or "drainage"; and (3) vector control interventions of potential relevance and their combinations. We performed a qualitative content analysis and a meta-analysis for 13 entries on dengue seroconversion data.
FINDINGS
14,272 articles were screened by titles, 615 by abstracts, 79 by full-text. 61 were selected. Satisfactory data quality allowed for detailed content analysis. Interventions at the household level against the immature mosquito stages (21 studies, 34%) showed positive or mixed results in entomological and epidemiological outcomes (86% and 75% respectively). Combined interventions against immature and adult stages (11 studies, 18%) performed similarly (91% and 67%) while those against the adult mosquitoes (29 studies, 48%) performed less well (79%, 22%). A meta-analysis on seroconversion outcomes showed a not-statistically significant reduction for interventions (log odds-ratio: -0.18 [-0.51, 0.14 95% CI]).
INTERPRETATION
No basic research on housing structure or modification was eligible for this systematic review but many interventions with clear impact on vector indices and, to a lesser extent, on dengue were described. The small and not-statistically significant effect size of the meta-analysis highlights the difficulty of proving effectiveness against this highly-clustered disease and of overcoming practical implementation obstacles (e.g. efficacy loss, compliance). The long-term success of interventions depends on suitability, community commitment and official support and promotion. The choice of a specific vector control package needs to take all these context-specific aspects into consideration.
FUNDING
This work was funded by a grant from the World Health Organization (2021/1121668-0, PO 202678425, NTD/VVE).
Topics: Animals; Humans; Mosquito Vectors; Aedes
PubMed: 37352828
DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104660 -
Reviews in Medical Virology Sep 2023Serum ferritin levels serves as biomarkers in many inflammatory and infectious diseases. This current systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated whether serum... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Serum ferritin levels serves as biomarkers in many inflammatory and infectious diseases. This current systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated whether serum ferritin levels are associated with severe dengue and its utility as a biomarker of disease severity. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, the Cochrane library, and Google Scholar. A total of 18 studies examining the serum ferritin levels in dengue cases in the context of disease severity (nine studies having dengue classification as non-severe vs. severe dengue cases, and nine studies having dengue classification as dengue without warning signs (DwoWS), dengue with warning signs (DwWS), and severe dengue cases) were included and the quality of the studies was assessed using the Quality in Prognostic Factor Studies tool. The meta-analysis was performed using STATA software to calculate the effect size as a standardized mean difference (SMD) or Hedges 'g' for the continuous outcome. Higher serum ferritin levels were found in severe dengue cases compared to non-severe cases [SMD (Hedges 'g') 4.05 (95% C.I. 2.09-6.00), (I = 98.8%)]. In the second group, DwWS cases showed high serum ferritin levels compared to DwoWS [SMD 2.01 (95% C.I. 0.92-3.10), (I = 97.89%)], and severe dengue cases showed higher levels of serum ferritin compared to DwWS [SMD 2.66 (95% C.I. 1.72-4.48), (I = 98.78%)] and DwoWS cases [SMD 6.65 (95% C.I. 1.72-11.59), (I = 99.78%]. Subgroup analysis for the country of study (India vs. others), ferritin testing methods, and ferritin measurement day revealed testing method as a significant contributor to heterogeneity. To conclude, the present study suggests serum ferritin as a prognostic marker for dengue disease severity. Multi-centric studies involving a large number of dengue patients with a uniform case definition accounting for all the confounding variables might help in determining a universal cut-off value to discriminate between non-severe and severe dengue.
Topics: Humans; Severe Dengue; Prognosis; Biomarkers; Patient Acuity; Ferritins; Dengue
PubMed: 37347209
DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2468 -
International Journal of Infectious... Sep 2023To assess the evidence on the presence of antibodies cross-reactive with SARS-CoV-2 antigens in prepandemic samples from African populations. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
To assess the evidence on the presence of antibodies cross-reactive with SARS-CoV-2 antigens in prepandemic samples from African populations.
METHODS
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies evaluating prepandemic African samples using pre-set assay-specific thresholds for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity.
RESULTS
In total, 26 articles with 156 datasets were eligible, including 3437 positives among 29,923 measurements (11.5%) with large between-dataset heterogeneity. Positivity was similar for anti-nucleocapsid (14%) and anti-spike antibodies (11%), higher for anti-spike1 (23%), and lower for anti-receptor-binding domain antibodies (7%). Positivity was similar, on average, for immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G. Positivity was seen prominently in countries where malaria transmission occurs throughout and in datasets enriched in malaria cases (14%, 95% confidence interval, 12-15% vs 2%, 95% confidence interval 1-2% in other datasets). Substantial SARS-CoV-2 reactivity was seen in high malaria burden with or without high dengue burden (14% and 12%, respectively), and not without high malaria burden (2% and 0%, respectively). Lower SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactivity was seen in settings of high HIV seroprevalence. More sparse individual-level data showed associations of higher SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactivity with Plasmodium parasitemia and lower SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactivity with HIV seropositivity.
CONCLUSION
Prepandemic samples from Africa show high levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity. At the country level, cross-reactivity tracks especially with malaria prevalence.
Topics: Humans; Immunity, Humoral; Seroepidemiologic Studies; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Africa; Immunoglobulin G; Antibodies, Viral
PubMed: 37327857
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.06.009