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Planta Medica Apr 2022is a typical shrub from Brazil that has been used in traditional medicine. This is a systematic review on the effect of for controlling dental plaque, gingivitis, and...
is a typical shrub from Brazil that has been used in traditional medicine. This is a systematic review on the effect of for controlling dental plaque, gingivitis, and periodontitis. A database search through May 2021 in Medline/PubMed, SCOPUS, BVS, and Web of Science identified 711 reports of which 17 met our inclusion criteria. Five randomized controlled trials and three animal studies were included that compared -based products (toothpaste, mouthrinse, and gel) to cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine, and placebo products. Among the human studies, a significant antiplaque effect after treatment with -based products was observed in three studies and an antigingivitis effect in two studies, similar to chlorhexidine-based products. One study found superior dental plaque reduction compared to cetylpyridinium chloride mouthrinse. Only one study testing a gel found no antiplaque effect. Among the animal studies, an mouthrinse significantly reduced calculus in two studies, inflammatory infiltrate in one study, and plaque bacteria and gingivitis in one study. An gel significantly reduced alveolar bone loss and inflammatory response in one study in which mice were submitted to ligature-induced periodontal disease. In general, -based products were effective in reducing dental plaque and calculus formation, as well as clinical signs of gingivitis. As most studies present methodological limitations, these results should be interpreted carefully. Further clinical trials with greater methodological accuracy and control of biases are necessary for the use of -based products in humans to be viable in clinical practice.
Topics: Animals; Calculi; Cetylpyridinium; Chlorhexidine; Dental Plaque; Gingivitis; Lippia; Mice; Mouthwashes
PubMed: 34598290
DOI: 10.1055/a-1554-6947 -
Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related... Apr 2021Digitally customized abutments are increasingly used in contemporary implant prosthodontics. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Digitally customized abutments are increasingly used in contemporary implant prosthodontics.
PURPOSE
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at comparing the peri-implant clinical outcomes of digitally customized and prefabricated abutments.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The search strategies included electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane clinical trials database) and related journals up to September, 2020. A qualitative and quantitative synthesis was performed on data extracted from the included studies.
RESULTS
Three RCTs (number of patients = 120; number of dental implants = 120) and two prospective cohort studies (number of patients = 144; number of dental implants = 144) with one to three-year follow-up periods were included. The quantitative analyses did not demonstrate a significant difference between digitally customized and prefabricated abutments for peri-implant pocket depth (P = 0.62), plaque index (P = 0.67), bleeding on probing (P = 0.43), keratinized mucosa width (P = 0.75), and pink aesthetic score (P = 0.30) at one-year follow-up visit. The qualitative analyses for marginal bone level change, calculus accumulation, implant survival rate, implant success rate, white aesthetic score, and patient-reported outcomes did not demonstrate a significant difference between two groups during 1 to 3-year follow-up visits.
CONCLUSION
The current data do not provide evidence of significant differences between two abutment fabrication methods in terms of peri-implant clinical outcomes within short-term period (CRD42020170807).
Topics: Dental Abutments; Dental Implants; Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; Esthetics, Dental; Humans; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 33533116
DOI: 10.1111/cid.12982 -
Annals of Palliative Medicine Jan 2021Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that includes primarily gingivitis and periodontitis, caused by bacterial infection of the supporting structures of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that includes primarily gingivitis and periodontitis, caused by bacterial infection of the supporting structures of the teeth. For years, much attention has been diverted to periodontal disease among the elderly, not enough attention is paid to adolescents. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the epidemic trend of periodontal disease in adolescents in mainland China.
METHODS
We conducted a comprehensive literature search through PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Chongqing VIP database, Chinese Wan Fang Database, and CBM. A series of subgroup analyses were done to explore the epidemiological characteristics of periodontal disease (gender, location, age, survey year, and geographical distribution) with the help of related software.
RESULTS
Thirty studies were included in this study. The data extraction and analysis were from three indexes, including bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket depth (PD), and dental calculus (DC). The detection rates of BOP(+), PD ≥4 mm and DC(+) were 48.8% (95% CI: 36.2-61.4%), 1.0% (0.0-2.0%), and 49.8% (41.0-58.6%), respectively. There were significant differences for the prevalence of gingivitis both in gender and area: the prevalence was higher in males than that in females, and risk ratio was 1.04 (95% CI, 1.01-1.06); a lower prevalence in urban areas compared with rural areas, and the risk ratio was 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85-0.96).
CONCLUSIONS
This study shows a high prevalence of gingivitis among adolescents in China. Higher-quality epidemiological surveys with standard examination criteria are needed.
Topics: Adolescent; China; Female; Humans; Male; Periodontal Diseases; Prevalence; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 33474964
DOI: 10.21037/apm-20-1919 -
Journal of Dentistry Dec 2020People with Cystic Fibrosis (PWCF) may be presumed to be at lower risk of periodontal disease due to long term antibiotic use but this has not been comprehensively... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES
People with Cystic Fibrosis (PWCF) may be presumed to be at lower risk of periodontal disease due to long term antibiotic use but this has not been comprehensively investigated. The oral hygiene and periodontal status of PWCF in comparison to the general population is not well established. The objective of this systematic review was to critically evaluate the literature on periodontal and oral hygiene status in PWCF to see if this group are at increased risk of periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis).
DATA SOURCES
5 databases were searched: Scopus, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science.
STUDY SELECTION
The search resulted in 614 publications from databases with one more publication identified by searching bibliographies. 13 studies were included in the qualitative analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
The majority of studies showed better oral hygiene, with lower levels of gingivitis and plaque among people with Cystic Fibrosis (PWCF) than controls. Interestingly, despite this, many studies showed that PWCF had higher levels of dental calculus. Three studies found there was no difference in Oral Hygiene between PWCF and controls. One study found that PWCF aged between 6 and 9.5 years had increased levels of clinical gingivitis, and one study showed that PWCF with gingivitis had more bleeding on probing than people without CF. The vast majority of PWCF examined were children- only five studies included people over 18 years, and only one looked exclusively at adults. There is a need for further study into the periodontal health of PWCF- particularly those over the age of 18.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
There are currently no guidelines referring to oral care in PWCF. Studies have suggested that the oral cavity acts as a reservoir of bacteria which may colonise the lungs. If PWCF are at increased risk of periodontal disease, they should attend for regular screenings to facilitate early detection.
Topics: Adult; Child; Cystic Fibrosis; Dental Plaque; Gingivitis; Humans; Middle Aged; Oral Health; Oral Hygiene; Periodontal Diseases
PubMed: 33129998
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103509 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2020Mechanical plaque removal has been commonly accepted to be the basis for periodontal treatment. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of ultrasonic and manual... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Mechanical plaque removal has been commonly accepted to be the basis for periodontal treatment. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of ultrasonic and manual subgingival scaling at different initial probing pocket depths (PPD) in periodontal treatment.
METHODS
English-language databases (PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, Medline, and ClinicalTrials.gov, by January, 2019) were searched. Weighted mean differences in primary outcomes, PPD and clinical attachment loss (CAL) reduction, were estimated by random effects model. Secondary outcomes, bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival recession (GR), and post-scaling residual dental calculus, were analyzed by comparing the results of each study. The quality of RCTs was appraised with the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. The GRADE approach was used to assess quality of evidence.
RESULTS
Ten randomized controlled trials were included out of 1434 identified. Initial PPD and follow-up periods formed subgroups. For 3-months follow-up: (1) too few shallow initial pocket studies available to draw a conclusion; (2) the heterogeneity of medium depth studies was so high that could not be merged to draw a conclusion; (3) deep pocket studies showed no statistical differences in PPD and CAL reduction between ultrasonic and manual groups. For 6-months follow-up: (1) too few shallow initial PPD studies to draw a conclusion; (2) at medium pocket depth, PPD reduction showed manual subgingival scaling better than ultrasound. No statistical differences were observed in CAL reduction between the two approaches; (3) for deep initial PPD studies, both PPD and CAL reduction showed manual subgingival scaling better. GR results indicated no statistical differences at medium and deep initial pocket studies between the two methods. BOP results showed more reduction at deep pocket depths with manual subgingival scaling. No conclusion could be drawn about residual dental calculus.
CONCLUSION
When initial PPD was 4-6 mm, PPD reduction proved manual subgingival scaling was superior, but CAL results showed no statistical differences between the two means. When initial PPD was ≥6 mm, PPD and CAL reductions suggested that manual subgingival scaling was superior.
Topics: Dental Scaling; Humans; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Pilot Projects; Prospective Studies; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Ultrasonics
PubMed: 32586315
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01117-3 -
Heliyon Dec 2019The aim of the present systematic review was to examine the scientific evidence for the efficacy of stabilized stannous fluoride (SnF) dentifrice in relation to dental... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The aim of the present systematic review was to examine the scientific evidence for the efficacy of stabilized stannous fluoride (SnF) dentifrice in relation to dental calculus, dental plaque, gingivitis, halitosis and staining.
DATA AND SOURCES
Medline OVID, Embase.com, and the Cochrane Library were searched from database inception until June 2017. Six researchers independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality. A meta-analysis of the 6-month gingivitis studies was done. Risk of bias was estimated using a checklist from the Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment (SBU, 2018).
STUDY SELECTION
Two studies on dental calculus, 21 on dental plaque and gingivitis, 4 on halitosis, and 5 on stain met the inclusion criteria. Risk of bias was high for the studies on dental calculus, halitosis, and stain, and varied for the dental plaque and gingivitis studies. Significant reductions in dental calculus and in halitosis were reported for the SnF dentifrice; no differences in stain reduction were noted. A meta-analysis on gingivitis found better results for the SnF dentifrice compared to other dentifrices, though the results of the individual trials in the meta-analyses showed a substantial heterogeneity.
CONCLUSIONS
The present review found that stabilized SnF toothpaste had a positive effect on the reduction of dental calculus build-up, dental plaque, gingivitis, stain and halitosis. A tendency towards a more pronounced effect than using toothpastes not containing SnF2 was found. However, a new generation of well conducted randomized trials are needed to further support these findings.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Adding a SnF toothpaste to the daily oral care routine is an easy strategy that may have multiple oral health benefits.
PubMed: 31872105
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02850