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Photochemistry and Photobiology Jun 2024Dental anesthetic injections, a common source of patient discomfort, often deter individuals from seeking dental care. Recently, there has been a growing focus on...
Dental anesthetic injections, a common source of patient discomfort, often deter individuals from seeking dental care. Recently, there has been a growing focus on photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and its potential role in pain reduction. This systematic review explored the efficacy of PBMT in alleviating pain associated with dental anesthetic infiltration injections. A systematic literature search of different databases was performed up to December, 2023 using specific search strategy to find eligible studies that assessed the impact of PBMT on pain during local anesthesia injections. Data extraction was done based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria. A total of 13 studies, involving 972 patients were included. The studies employed various PBMT parameters, including wavelengths, and energy densities. Meta-analyses revealed a significant reduction in pain with PBMT compared to controls (MD = -0.90, 95% CI: -1.36 to -0.44, and p = 0.0001), with notable heterogeneity (I = 91.79%). Stratified analyses by age demonstrated consistent pain reduction in both adults (MD = -0.59, 95% CI: -1.11 to -0.08, and p < 0.0001) and children (MD = -0.59, 95% CI: -1.11 to -0.08, and p = 0.025). In conclusion, it seems that PBMT using infrared diode lasers can effectively reduce injection pain in both pediatric and adult populations. Further research should focus on optimizing PBMT parameters for enhanced pain management during dental procedures.
PubMed: 38845193
DOI: 10.1111/php.13977 -
Palliative Medicine Jun 2024Coordination and communication challenges in home-based palliative care complicate transitions from hospital care. Electronic symptom monitoring enables real-time data...
BACKGROUND
Coordination and communication challenges in home-based palliative care complicate transitions from hospital care. Electronic symptom monitoring enables real-time data collection, enhancing patient-provider communication. However, a systematic evaluation of its effectiveness in home-based palliative care is lacking.
AIM
To analyze the feasibility, effectiveness, and limitations of electronic symptom monitoring in home-based palliative care, assess the evidence quality, identify the evidence gap, and suggest implications for future research and practice.
DESIGN
This study uses systematic review, meta-analysis, and narrative synthesis (CRD42023457977) to analyze relevant studies until September 2023.
DATA SOURCES
Electronic searches in MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and Embase until September 2023, complemented by hand-searching of references and citations.
RESULTS
This study included twenty studies. The majority of patients positively engage in electronic symptom monitoring, which could improve their quality of life, physical and emotional well-being, and symptom scores without a significant increase in costs. However, firm conclusions about the effects of electronic symptom monitoring on outcomes like survival, hospital admissions, length of stay, emergency visits, and adverse events were limited due to significant variability in the reported data or inadequate statistical power.
CONCLUSION
Introducing electronic symptom monitoring in home-based palliative care holds potential for enhancing patient-reported outcomes, potentially decreasing hospital visits and costs. However, inconsistency in current studies arising from diverse monitoring systems obstructs comparability. To advance, future high-quality research should employ standardized follow-up periods and established scales to better grasp the benefits of electronic symptom monitoring in home-based palliative care.
PubMed: 38835179
DOI: 10.1177/02692163241257578 -
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Jun 2024This study aimed to systematically review the literature to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality in reducing anxiety and pain in patients undergoing third molar... (Review)
Review
This study aimed to systematically review the literature to evaluate the effectiveness of virtual reality in reducing anxiety and pain in patients undergoing third molar surgeries. Clinical trials evaluating patients who used virtual reality (VR) compared with no VR in the management of pain or anxiety after third molar extractions were included. A literature search was conducted in five electronic databases to identify relevant articles: Medline (PubMed interface), Web of Science, Virtual Health Library, Embase, and Scopus. There were no restrictions on the time or language of publication. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomised Trials (RoB 2.0). A total of six studies were included in the qualitative analysis and three in the quantitative analysis. The results of the meta-analyses on anxiety revealed that patients in the intervention group before VR already showed less anxiety compared to those in the control group (-0.28 [-0.44 to -0.13, 95%CI] I²=24.51%. In the post-intervention evaluation, the group that received VR remained with a lower level of anxiety and a slight reduction compared to the pre-intervention. (-0.34 [-0.49 to -0.19, 95%CI] I²=36.61%. Virtual reality can be a clinical resource in dental care because it seems to cause a small reduction in anxiety, and with still uncertain results in the reduction of postoperative pain in extractions of third molars.
PubMed: 38834821
DOI: 10.1007/s10006-024-01265-8 -
Applications of artificial intelligence for surgical extraction in stomatology: a systematic review.Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral... May 2024Artificial intelligence (AI) has been extensively used in the field of stomatology over the past several years. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been extensively used in the field of stomatology over the past several years. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of AI-based models in the procedure, assessment, and treatment planning of surgical extraction.
STUDY DESIGN
Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted on the Web of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus databases, covering English publications up to September 2023. Two reviewers performed the study selection and data extraction independently. Only original research studies utilizing AI in surgical extraction of stomatology were included. The Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) was selected to perform the quality assessment of the selected literature.
RESULTS
From 2,336 retrieved references, 35 studies were deemed eligible. Among them, 28 researchers reported the pioneering role of AI in segmentation, classification, and detection, aligning with clinical needs. In addition, another 7 studies suggested promising results in tooth extraction decision-making, but further model refinement and validation were required.
CONCLUSIONS
Integration of AI in stomatology surgical extraction has significantly progressed, enhancing decision-making accuracy. Combining and comparing algorithmic outcomes across studies is essential for determining optimal clinical applications in the future.
PubMed: 38834501
DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2024.05.002 -
F1000Research 2024Understanding the pivotal interplay between systemic and oral health is paramount to ensuring holistic care, particularly among the aging demographic. Therefore, this... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Understanding the pivotal interplay between systemic and oral health is paramount to ensuring holistic care, particularly among the aging demographic. Therefore, this review article aims to explore the emerging concept of Rapid Oral Health Deterioration (ROHD) by reviewing the current knowledge base among older adults and identifying knowledge gaps in this area of research.
METHODS
This scoping review was conducted in line with Arksey and O'Malley's framework between December 2023 and March 2024 and reported while adhering to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A systematic database search was performed across three databases i.e. PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE to collate the existing literature published in English between January 2013 and February 2024 addressing ROHD among older adults. After data charting, a critical appraisal of the selected studies was followed by qualitative thematic analysis.
RESULTS
Among the 12 papers in this scoping review, 10 were cross-sectional studies, with one each of retrospective cohort and case-control studies. The qualitative thematic analysis of the selected articles resulted in the emergence of four main themes: risk factors for ROHD, attributes related to ROHD, challenges encountered in the management of ROHD, and management approaches for ROHD among older adults.
CONCLUSIONS
This scoping review provides an overview of the rapid deterioration of oral health among older adults. Age-related dental disease harms the quality of life and overall health. To avoid dental disorders and to maintain and improve oral health in older adults, an integrated and multidisciplinary approach is essential. If ROHD is not treated, it may lead to poor health, a lower quality of life, and in severe cases, systemic infections that increase hospitalizations and possibly cause death.
Topics: Humans; Oral Health; Aged; Risk Factors; Quality of Life
PubMed: 38826613
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.149120.1 -
Community Dentistry and Oral... Jun 2024Expanding HIV testing beyond specialized services has been a key strategic approach to eliminating the transmission of HIV. In recent years, dental settings have been... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Expanding HIV testing beyond specialized services has been a key strategic approach to eliminating the transmission of HIV. In recent years, dental settings have been identified as offering an opportunity for delivering point of care HIV testing (POCT) interventions. Intervention components and implementation strategies have varied across studies and there is uncertainty about the prevalence of undiagnosed HIV in the dental patient population. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to synthesize the HIV testing outcomes of intervention studies, identify the core components of POCT interventions implemented in dental settings; and understand the barriers and facilitators to intervention implementation.
METHODS
A mixed-methods systematic review was undertaken. Two authors reviewed abstracts and full papers for inclusion and appraised the studies using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. A convergent integrated mixed methods study design underpinned the synthesis. Outcomes were presented using descriptive statistics. Intervention components were mapped to the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist. Barriers and facilitators were described using a narrative thematic analysis.
RESULTS
POCT was offered to 22 146 dental patients, 62.5% accepted POCT. Intervention studies that reported higher uptake of testing utilized a dedicated dental or researcher staff member to provide testing, integrated testing and provided results within the routine dental appointment and adopted a provider-initiated universal approach to offering testing. Six themes emerged that were pertinent to the barriers and facilitators to HIV testing in dental setting.
CONCLUSIONS
POCT uptake in dental settings was comparable with other non-specialized health settings. Key to the operationalization of the intervention were perceptions about its value and relevance to the dental patient population, attitudes toward the intervention, logistical barriers to its implementation, the risk of HIV testing stigma to the patient-practitioner relationship and maximising the fit of the intervention within the constraints of the dental setting.
PubMed: 38822596
DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12963 -
International Journal of Implant... May 2024The rise of stereolithographic surgical guides and digital workflow, combined with a better knowledge of materials and loading principle, has enabled the placement of... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The rise of stereolithographic surgical guides and digital workflow, combined with a better knowledge of materials and loading principle, has enabled the placement of the temporary prosthesis at the time of implant placement. This scoping review aimed to assess the current knowledge available on stackable guides.
METHODS
The review focused on fully edentulous or requiring total edentulism patients. The procedure studied was the use of stackable guides for edentulous patients in order to place immediate temporary prostheses. The clinical endpoint was immediate placement of the provisional prosthesis after surgery combined with a prior bone reduction using a stackable guide.
RESULTS
12 case reports or case series articles met inclusion criteria, which did not allow an analysis by a systematic review. The included studies were case reports or case series. Most of the articles showed a base stabilized by 3 or 4 bone-pins, anchored in buccal or lingual part. Regarding the accuracy of bone reduction (ranged from 0.0248 mm to 1.98 mm) and implant placement when compared to planned, only 4 articles reported quantitative data. 11 articles showed an immediate loading with the transitional prosthesis after implant placement.
CONCLUSIONS
There are as yet no prospective or comparative studies on the efficiency of this technique. In a reliable way, stackable guides seem to be able to guide the practitioner from the flap elevation to the placement of the temporary screw-retained implant supported prosthesis. Given the lack of studies in this specific field of guided surgery, further studies are needed to confirm the clinical relevance of this technique.
Topics: Humans; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Surgery, Computer-Assisted; Immediate Dental Implant Loading; Mouth, Edentulous
PubMed: 38819752
DOI: 10.1186/s40729-024-00547-w -
Cureus Apr 2024is the primary microbe in the "periodontal red complex" bacteria (PRCB) along with and , which are linked to periodontal disease (PD). These pathogens are also... (Review)
Review
is the primary microbe in the "periodontal red complex" bacteria (PRCB) along with and , which are linked to periodontal disease (PD). These pathogens are also implicated in various systemic disorders, but their association with the incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is less explored. A systematic review followed by a meta-analysis was conducted as per standard guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2022) to find this association between GI cancers and PRCB after a literature search for full-text papers in the English language (between 2010 and 2023) in databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science) with suitable keywords using the Boolean search strategy. Data extraction involved titles, abstracts, and full texts retrieved and scored by the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The data were analyzed by the Review Manager (RevMan 5.2, Cochrane Collaboration, Denmark). Standard Cochran Q test and I statistics (for heterogeneity) and a random effects model (pooled OR with 95% CI) were applied to report results. among the PRCB was linked to GI cancers (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.34-3.47). and did not show meaningful associations as per existing evidence for GI cancers.
PubMed: 38813341
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59251 -
Oral health status among the transgender population of India: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Special Care in Dentistry : Official... May 2024The invisibility of the transgender population within official records, combined with other socio-economic factors, impacts oral health status among transgender people.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The invisibility of the transgender population within official records, combined with other socio-economic factors, impacts oral health status among transgender people. Hence, our systematic review and meta-analysis aim to generate a pooled estimate of the oral health status of the transgender community in India.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic search was performed across four databases. The studies included a quantitative research design conducted in India and involved self-identified transgender individuals. The pooled prevalence was determined at a 95% confidence interval (CI). Q-statistics and the I test were utilized to evaluate the source of heterogeneity. Leave-one-out analysis and Baujat plots were used to detect outliers within the studies. A Doi plot and LFK index were employed to assess the publication bias.
RESULTS
A total of 12 studies comprising 1566 transgender participants were included. The pooled prevalence of toothbrush use among transgenders in India was found at 83% (95% CI: 0.73-0.91), smoking = 12% (CI: 0.03-0.26), smokeless tobacco = 53% (CI = 0.38-0.68), dental caries = 78% (CI: 67%-88%), calculus = 65% (CI: 0.4-0.86), and bleeding 18% (CI:0.08-0.32).
CONCLUSION
Oral health disparities among Indian transgender individuals are evident in the low toothbrush usage, an elevated prevalence of tobacco use, and dental disorders such as calculus, cavities, and bleeding. Tailored dental health programs that include inclusive healthcare services and awareness are essential.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION
CRD42023468872.
PubMed: 38807264
DOI: 10.1111/scd.13027 -
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation May 2024Studies present ambiguous findings regarding the role of tryptophan and its metabolites, kynurenine and serotonin in chronic musculoskeletal pain. This systematic review... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Studies present ambiguous findings regarding the role of tryptophan and its metabolites, kynurenine and serotonin in chronic musculoskeletal pain. This systematic review aimed to investigate the expression of tryptophan and its metabolites, serotonin and kynurenine in patients with local and generalized chronic musculoskeletal pain in comparison with pain-free controls.
METHODS
An electronic search was conducted in the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and Web of Science for clinical and observational trials from the beginning of each database to 21 April 2023. Out of 6734 articles, a total of 17 studies were included; 12 studies were used in the meta-analysis of serotonin, 3 regarding tryptophan and 2 studies for a narrative synthesis regarding kynurenine. Risk of bias was assessed using the quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, while the certainty of evidence was by GRADE.
RESULTS
All included studies showed a low risk of bias. The meta-analysis showed lower blood levels of tryptophan (p < .001; very low quality of evidence) and higher blood levels of serotonin (p < .001; very low-quality evidence) in patients with generalized musculoskeletal pain, when compared to pain-free individuals. In local chronic musculoskeletal pain, there were higher blood levels of serotonin (p=.251; very low quality of evidence) compared to pain-free individuals. Regarding kynurenine, the studies reported both higher and lower blood levels in generalized chronic musculoskeletal pain compared to pain-free individuals.
CONCLUSIONS
The blood levels of tryptophan and its metabolites serotonin and kynurenine seem to influence chronic musculoskeletal pain.
PubMed: 38803211
DOI: 10.1111/joor.13758