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International Journal of Environmental... Oct 2021Physician's burnout has been recognized as an increasing and significant work-related syndrome, described by the combination of emotional exhaustion (EE) and... (Review)
Review
Physician's burnout has been recognized as an increasing and significant work-related syndrome, described by the combination of emotional exhaustion (EE) and depersonalization (D), together with low personal accomplishment (PA). It has many negative consequences on personal, organizational, and patient care levels. This systematic review aimed to analyze research articles where psychological interventions with elements of mindfulness (PIMs) were used to support physicians in order to reduce burnout and foster empathy and well-being. Systematic searches were conducted in May 2019, within six electronic databases PubMed, EBSCOhost MEDLINE, PsycArticles, Cochrane Library, JSTOR, and Slovenian national library information system. Different combinations of boolean operators were used-mindfulness, empathy, medicine/family medicine/general practice/primary care, burnout, doctors/physicians, intervention, and support group. Additional articles were manually searched from the reference list of the included articles. Studies with other healthcare professionals (not physicians and residents) and/or medical students, and those where PIMs were applied for educational or patient's treatment purposes were excluded. Of 1194 studies identified, 786 screened and 139 assessed for eligibility, there were 18 studies included in this review. Regardless of a specific type of PIMs applied, results, in general, demonstrate a positive impact on empathy, well-being, and reduction in burnout in participating physicians. Compared with other recent systematic reviews, this is unique due to a broader selection of psychological interventions and emphasis on a sustained effect measurement. Given the pandemic of COVID-19, it is of utmost importance that this review includes also interventions based on modern information technologies (mobile apps) and can be used as an awareness-raising material for physicians providing information about feasible and easily accessible interventions for effective burnout prevention and/or reduction. Future research should upgrade self-reported data with objective psychological measures and address the question of which intervention offers more benefits to physicians.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Burnout, Psychological; COVID-19; Empathy; Humans; Mindfulness; Physicians; Psychosocial Intervention; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34769700
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111181 -
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2021Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are reported by experimental studies as practical approaches to reduce burnout in primary healthcare professionals (PHCP).... (Review)
Review
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are reported by experimental studies as practical approaches to reduce burnout in primary healthcare professionals (PHCP). However, to date, no research has synthesized the evidence to determine the overall effects of MBIs for reducing burnout in PHCP. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze the effects of MBIs to reduce burnout in PHCP. We searched articles in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus databases from inception to September 2021 using MeSH terms: "mindfulness", "burnout", and "primary healthcare". Two reviewers extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. We used a random-effects meta-analysis to calculate the standardized mean differences (SMD) and mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA) domains of burnout. Of 61 records, ten were included ( = 417). Overall, the studies were rated as having a high risk of bias and limited quality evidence. MBIs significantly reduced EE (SMD = -0.54, 95%CI: -0.72 to -0.36; MD = -5.89, 95%CI: -7.72 to -4.05), DP (SMD = -0.34, 95%CI: -0.52 to -0.17; MD = -1.96, 95%CI: -2.96 to -0.95), and significantly increased PA (SMD = 0.34, 95%CI: 0.17 to 0.52; MD = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.04 to 3.06). Although further high-quality research is needed, our findings support the implementation of MBIs for reducing burnout in PHCP.
PubMed: 34683022
DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9101342 -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2021The mental health of nurses including burnout is an important issue. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate whether mind-body modalities improve burnout... (Review)
Review
The mental health of nurses including burnout is an important issue. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate whether mind-body modalities improve burnout and other mental health aspects of nurses. A comprehensive search was conducted using six electronic databases. Randomized controlled trials using mind-body modalities on the mental health of nurses, up to January 2021, were included. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Seventeen studies were included in the review. Data on mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) and yoga were available for burnout, and there was no evidence that multimodal resilience programs including MBIs statistically significantly improved burnout levels compared to no intervention or active control groups. However, one study reported that yoga could significantly improve emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, which are subscales of burnout, compared to usual care. In addition, the effects of MBIs, relaxation, yoga, and music on various mental health outcomes and stress-related symptoms have been reported. In conclusion, there was some evidence that yoga was helpful for improvement in burnout of nurses. However, due to the heterogeneity of interventions and outcomes of the studies included, further high-quality clinical trials are needed on this topic in the future.
Topics: Hospitals; Humans; Mental Health; Mindfulness; Nurses; Yoga
PubMed: 34444604
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168855 -
Patient Education and Counseling Apr 2022Many healthcare professionals experience difficulties in discussing sexual health with their patients. The aim of this review was to synthesize results of studies on... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Many healthcare professionals experience difficulties in discussing sexual health with their patients. The aim of this review was to synthesize results of studies on communication practices in interactions about sexual health in medical settings, to offer healthcare professionals suggestions on how to communicate about this topic.
METHODS
We searched for studies using five databases. Reference lists and specialist bibliographies were searched to identify additional studies. We included discourse analytic studies that used recordings of medical consultations.
RESULTS
We identified five studies that met the inclusion criteria. Findings were synthesized into seven categories of practices deployed by patients and healthcare professionals when talking about sexual health: avoiding delicate terms (1), delaying potentially delicate words and issues (2), using assumptive talk (3), generalized advice-giving (4), deploying patients' talk (5), depersonalization (6), and patient-initiated advice (7).
CONCLUSION
Practices indicate the delicacy associated with discussing sexual health issues, but results also shed light on practices that can help professionals to deal with this delicacy, and to be responsive to patients' needs and concerns.
PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
Findings will assist healthcare professionals in broaching topics related to sexual health so they can help patients deal with challenges that affect their sexual health and overall well-being.
Topics: Communication; Delivery of Health Care; Health Personnel; Humans; Sexual Health
PubMed: 34366226
DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.07.049 -
Journal of Global Health 2021While recent reviews highlight high burnout prevalence among physicians in the World Health Organization's (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), there has been a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
While recent reviews highlight high burnout prevalence among physicians in the World Health Organization's (WHO) Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), there has been a limited exploration into the role of gender and related factors in this problem.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the prevalence of physician burnout and its relationship to gender, physician specialties, and age in the WHO's EMR based on the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews. We searched PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and Al Manhal databases and synthesized the findings from the included studies.
RESULTS
Among the 78 studies included, data was available from 16/22 (72.7%) countries and territories in the EMR covering a total of 16 016 physicians. The pooled prevalence of overall burnout among physicians in the region was estimated to be 24.5%. Among the sub-components of burnout, we estimated a high pooled prevalence of 44.26% for emotional exhaustion followed by 37.83% for depersonalization and 36.57% for low personal achievement. There was a statistically significant difference in the prevalence across the countries in the EMR and among the sub-categories of specialist medical practitioners. There was no statistically significant difference across the two genders at a regionally aggregated level.
CONCLUSIONS
The levels of physician burnout including the three sub-components in EMR are high by any standards. Based on our review of available studies, it is difficult to ascertain gender differences with certainty in burnout levels among physicians in the EMR nations. There is a need for better quality studies in this area.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Female; Humans; Male; Mediterranean Region; Physicians; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Sex Factors
PubMed: 34326993
DOI: 10.7189/jogh.11.04043 -
Journal of Medical Imaging and... Jun 2021Burnout is seen as an occupational phenomenon related to workplace stress. Professional groups within medical imaging and radiation science have been reported to suffer... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Burnout is seen as an occupational phenomenon related to workplace stress. Professional groups within medical imaging and radiation science have been reported to suffer from burnout in the past, however research into the profession has been limited. This systematic review aims to evaluate literature measuring levels and prevalence of burnout in the professional groups within medical imaging and radiation science (MIRS). These being radiographers (radiological technologists), sonographers, radiation therapists (therapeutic radiographers) and nuclear medicine technologists.
METHODS
Electronic databases including Medline, Embase, Psycinfo and CINAHL were searched to locate studies published in English from 2000 that used a questionnaire/survey to measure burnout in the MIRS population. Also included were studies that measured burnout in a larger healthcare group that included MIRS professionals, as long as the MIRS professionals were reported as a separate group.
RESULTS
Sixteen articles met the inclusion criteria; two of these articles reported the same data and therefore were combined to leave 15 studies to review. Of the radiation therapy group, seven of the nine studies reported low or moderate burnout amongst their participants. One study reported high levels of burnout in the emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation domains, and another reported high emotional exhaustion levels. Within the other MIRS professions, five of the six studies reported moderate burnout. One group of sonographers had high levels of burnout in the emotional exhaustion domain.
CONCLUSION
For the past 20 years, levels of burnout in MIRS professionals has remained relatively steady, with the majority of studies reporting moderate levels of burnout. However, more research is needed in radiographers, sonographers and nuclear medicine technologists.
IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE
Even though the review indicates moderate level of burnout, this needs addressing on an organisational and individual level to ensure stress in the workplace is managed before burnout becomes a significant issue.
Topics: Allied Health Personnel; Burnout, Professional; Burnout, Psychological; Humans; Occupational Stress; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 33965349
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2021.04.001 -
Iranian Journal of Nursing and... 2021Occupational burnout, as a reaction to persistent work pressures, reduces efficiency, wastes manpower, and causes physical and psychological complications. The aim of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Occupational burnout, as a reaction to persistent work pressures, reduces efficiency, wastes manpower, and causes physical and psychological complications. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and intensity of occupational burnout among pre-hospital emergency staff in Iran.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was performed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data resources included Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran, Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC), Irandoc, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.
RESULTS
Initially, 178 articles were extracted, and then 13 articles were finally analyzed. Overall,2034 pre-hospital emergency personnel were examined. Mean of occupational burnout in term of frequency, respectively for emotional exhaustion (16.78, 95% CI = 8.89-24.67, I = 62.30%, = 0.004), depersonalization (11.57, 95% CI = 6.97-16.18, I = 68.50%, = 0.001) and the lack of personal accomplishment (16.11, 95% CI = 8.60 -23.62, I = 74.70%, = 0 <001) were determined. Also, in term of intensity, respectively for emotional exhaustion (17.90, 95% CI = 8.24-27.57, I = 64.80, = 0.004), depersonalization (11.20, 95% CI = 6.80-16.22, I = 49.60%, = 0.044) and the lack of personal accomplishment (23.45, 95% CI = 13.41 -33.49, I = 84.80%, = 0 <001) were determined.
CONCLUSIONS
According to findings, depersonalization and lack of personal accomplishment had moderate and high-level, respectively. Therefore, it is necessary health policymakers pay special attention to identifying and resolving the causes of occupational burnout in this population.
PubMed: 33954093
DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_175_20 -
International Journal of Environmental... Apr 2021The coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic is putting a severe strain on all healthcare systems. Several occupational risk factors are challenging healthcare workers (HCWs)...
The coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic is putting a severe strain on all healthcare systems. Several occupational risk factors are challenging healthcare workers (HCWs) who are at high risk of mental health outcomes, including Burnout Syndrome (BOS). BOS is a psychological syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment. An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses concerning BOS and coronavirus (SARS/MERS/SARS-CoV-2) outbreaks was carried out on PubMed Central/Medline, Cochrane Library, PROSPERO, and Epistemonikos databases. Data relating to COVID-19 is insufficient, but in previous SARS and MERS outbreaks about one-third of HCWs manifested BOS. This prevalence rate is similar to the figure recorded in some categories of HCWs exposed to chronic occupational stress and poor work organization during non-epidemic periods. Inadequate organization and worsening working conditions during an epidemic appear to be the most likely causes of BOS. Preventive care and workplace health promotion programs could be useful for protecting healthcare workers during pandemics, as well as during regular health activities.
Topics: Humans; Burnout, Psychological; COVID-19; Disease Outbreaks; Health Personnel; Meta-Analysis as Topic; SARS-CoV-2; Systematic Reviews as Topic
PubMed: 33924026
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084361 -
International Journal of Nursing Studies Jul 2021Burnout, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased personal accomplishments, poses a significant burden on individual nurses' health and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Burnout, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased personal accomplishments, poses a significant burden on individual nurses' health and mental wellbeing. As growing evidence highlights the adverse consequences of burnout for clinicians, patients, and organizations, it is imperative to examine nurse burnout in the healthcare system.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this review is to systematically and critically appraise the current literature to examine the associations between nurse burnout and patient and hospital organizational outcomes.
DESIGN AND DATA SOURCES
A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses was conducted. PubMed, CINAHL, PsychInfo, Scopus, and Embase were the search engines used. The inclusion criteria were any primary studies examining burnout among nurses working in hospitals as an independent variable, in peer-reviewed journals, and written in English. The search was performed from October 2018 to January 2019 and updated in January and October 2020.
RESULTS
A total of 20 studies were included in the review. The organizational-related outcomes associated with nurse burnout were (1) patient safety, (2) quality of care, (3) nurses' organizational commitment, (4) nurse productivity, and (5) patient satisfaction. For these themes, nurse burnout was consistently inversely associated with outcome measures.
CONCLUSIONS
Nurse burnout is an occupational hazard affecting nurses, patients, organizations, and society at large. Nurse burnout is associated with worsening safety and quality of care, decreased patient satisfaction, and nurses' organizational commitment and productivity. Traditionally, burnout is viewed as an individual issue. However, reframing burnout as an organizational and collective phenomenon affords the broader perspective necessary to address nurse burnout. Tweetable abstract: Not only nurse burnout associated w/ worsening safety & quality of care, but also w/ nurses' organizational commitment and productivity. Reframing burnout, as an organizational & collective phenomenon is necessary.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Hospital Administration; Humans; Job Satisfaction; Nursing Staff, Hospital; Patient Safety; Patient Satisfaction
PubMed: 33901940
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103933 -
Psychological Reports Jun 2021Psychological aggression perpetrated by customers, coworkers, and supervisors is a behavior frequently experienced in the workplace with negative consequences for an...
Psychological aggression perpetrated by customers, coworkers, and supervisors is a behavior frequently experienced in the workplace with negative consequences for an individual's health. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the personal outcomes of overt workplace psychological aggression and summarize empirical evidence on how to prevent and reduce its effects. A search on PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Web of Science electronic databases was made. Data were obtained from 30 studies (26 cross-sectional, 3 longitudinal, 1 quasi-experimental) representing 20,683 employees. Longitudinal studies indicated that workplace psychological aggression is significantly associated with musculoskeletal injury and psychological strains (anxiety, depression, anger) over time. Research also suggests that psychological aggression at work predicts fear, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment, and physical symptoms, for example. Additionally, the information collected suggested that support from coworkers, supervisors, and management; informational support; political skills; job resources; and confidence to prevent and respond to aggression moderate significantly the impact of workplace psychological aggression on personal and organizational outcomes. Perceptions of a violence-prevention climate, aggression-preventive supervisor behavior, and aggression-preventive employee effort are also significantly associated with a reduction in psychological aggression at work and strains. In conclusion, this review allows us to understand the effects of the psychological aggression by identifying the preventive strategies that could be adopted by managers, supervisors, or leaders to deal with it and promote individual's health in the workplace.
Topics: Aggression; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Job Satisfaction; Occupational Health; Violence; Workplace
PubMed: 33783252
DOI: 10.1177/0033294119875598