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The Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery Jun 2024This systematic review aimed to discuss the current knowledge of possibly useful circulatory biomarkers (other than D-dimers) in the diagnosis of patients with an acute...
INTRODUCTION
This systematic review aimed to discuss the current knowledge of possibly useful circulatory biomarkers (other than D-dimers) in the diagnosis of patients with an acute aortic dissection (AAD), to distinguish these patients from patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI).
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
This study followed the PRISMA guidelines. The databases PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus were systematically searched from inception to May 2023. Studies were included if they presented measurements of biomarker(s) in the blood/plasma/serum samples from adult patients with AAD versus AMI. Articles were excluded if aortic dissection was subacute or chronic (>14 days), if they lack a control group (AMI), or if they were animal studies, revisions, or editorials. The main outcome was the identification of biomarkers that exhibited diagnostic potential to differentiate patients with AAD versus AMI.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
The research query resulted in 1342 articles after the removal of duplicates, from which seven were included in the systematic review. The biomarkers identified included general blood assessment, metabolomics, products of the degradation of fibrin, extracellular matrix markers and an ischemia-associated molecule. Most studies lack diagnostic validity such as sensitivity and specificity. In six studies, the concentration of a total of six biomarkers showed significative differences between AAD and AMI group.
CONCLUSIONS
A great heterogeneity of molecules has been studied as putative diagnostic markers of AAD versus AMI. Studies of better quality are needed, presenting the diagnostic validity of the molecules under analysis and the putative synergic diagnostic value of the molecules identified so far.
PubMed: 38860700
DOI: 10.23736/S0021-9509.24.13062-5 -
Open Medicine (Warsaw, Poland) 2024Borderline ovarian tumours (BOTs) show intriguing characteristics distinguishing them from other ovarian tumours. The aim of the systematic review was to analyse the... (Review)
Review
Borderline ovarian tumours (BOTs) show intriguing characteristics distinguishing them from other ovarian tumours. The aim of the systematic review was to analyse the spectrum of molecular changes found in BOTs and discuss their significance in the context of the overall therapeutic approach. The systematic review included articles published between 2000 and 2023 in the databases: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane. After a detailed analysis of the available publications, we qualified for the systematic review: 28 publications on proto-oncogenes: BRAF, KRAS, NRAS, ERBB2, and PIK3CA, 20 publications on tumour suppressor genes: BRCA1/2, ARID1A, CHEK2, PTEN, 4 on adhesion molecules: CADM1, 8 on proteins: B-catenin, claudin-1, and 5 on glycoproteins: E-Cadherin. In addition, in the further part of the systematic review, we included eight publications on microsatellite instability and three describing loss of heterozygosity in BOT. Molecular changes found in BOTs can vary on a case-by-case basis, identifying carcinogenic mutations through molecular analysis and developing targeted therapies represent significant advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian malignancies. Molecular studies have contributed significantly to our understanding of BOT pathogenesis, but substantial research is still required to elucidate the relationship between ovarian neoplasms and extraneous disease, identify accurate prognostic indicators, and develop targeted therapeutic approaches.
PubMed: 38859878
DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-0976 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024(), an opportunistic pathogen, is implicated in the carcinogenesis of various cancers, thereby significantly impacting human health. This study conducts an in-depth...
OBJECTIVE
(), an opportunistic pathogen, is implicated in the carcinogenesis of various cancers, thereby significantly impacting human health. This study conducts an in-depth analysis of the prevailing research dynamics concerning the relationship between and cancer over the past decade, offering a comprehensive overview of the knowledge structure and emerging focal points in this field through bibliometric scrutiny.
METHODS
A methodical quantitative and visual scrutiny of pertinent literature from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) spanning the previous decade was carried out employing VOS Viewer and CiteSpace software.
RESULTS
From January 1, 2014, to January 1, 2024, a comprehensive corpus of 1,259 articles was delineated. Prominent research institutions included the Egyptian Knowledge Bank, Cairo University, and King Saud University. The top three prolific countries were the United States, China, and India. Among the authors, Mohamed, Gehad G., Mahmoud, Walaa H., and Netea, Mihai G., emerged as the most prolific, with Pfaller, Ma being distinguished as the most frequently cited author. The journal Molecules published the highest number of articles, while PLoS One had the highest citation count. Nature had the highest impact factor. The research focal points in this field encompassed the interactions between and cancer, the correlation with oral cancer, the underlying mechanisms of carcinogenic potential, as well as antifungal and anticancer therapies.
CONCLUSION
This investigation constitutes a pioneering bibliometric analysis elucidating the trends and advancements in research regarding the correlation between and cancer. Said analyses uncover the prevailing research focal points and trends, offering insightful guidance for subsequent inquiry in this domain.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/summary/df33afba-f843-41e8-b932-cb3678eb8243-e92e7316/relevance/1.
PubMed: 38855761
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1398527 -
Medicine Jun 2024Moderate red wine (RW) consumption is associated with a low risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies have evaluated the effects of RW and white wine... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Red wine alleviates atherosclerosis-related inflammatory markers in healthy subjects rather than in high cardiovascular risk subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Moderate red wine (RW) consumption is associated with a low risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies have evaluated the effects of RW and white wine (WW) on inflammatory markers related to atherosclerosis in healthy individuals and high-risk subjects for CVD. This study aimed to assess the effect of RW on inflammatory markers in healthy individuals and high-risk subjects for CVD compared with moderate alcohol consumption.
METHODS
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 (PRISMA) was followed in this study. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, SinoMed, EbscoHost, and ScienceDirect databases were searched. The risk of bias and quality of the included trials were assessed using the Cochrane Handbook. The main results are summarized in Stata 12.
RESULTS
Twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that RW significantly decreased circulating intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1, and Sialyl-Lewis X expression on the surface of monocytes in healthy subjects, but not in patients with CVD. Additionally, RW significantly decreased Sialyl-Lewis X but increased clusters of differentiation 40 (CD40) expressed on the surface of T lymphocytes and significantly decreased C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) and very late activation antigen 4 (VLA-4) expressed on the surface of monocytes. Interestingly, subgroup analysis also found that RW significantly decreased circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) in Spain but not in other countries, and significantly increased αMβ2 (Mac-1) in the group that had an intervention duration of less than 3 weeks.
CONCLUSIONS
Moderate consumption of RW is more effective than WW in alleviating atherosclerosis-related inflammatory markers in healthy people rather than high-risk subjects for CVD, but this needs to be further confirmed by studies with larger sample sizes.
Topics: Humans; Wine; Atherosclerosis; Biomarkers; Inflammation; Cardiovascular Diseases; Healthy Volunteers; Heart Disease Risk Factors
PubMed: 38847707
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038229 -
Current Drug Targets Jun 2024Chikungunya fever is a disease caused by infection with the Chikungunya virus, transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Despite its self-limited...
INTRODUCTION
Chikungunya fever is a disease caused by infection with the Chikungunya virus, transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Despite its self-limited character, more than 60% of patients have chronic recurrent arthralgia with debilitating pain that lasts for years.
AIM
The objective of this review was to gather and analyze evidence from the literature on potential therapeutic strategies with molecules from natural products for the treatment of Chikungunya fever.
METHODS
A search was performed for clinical trials, observational studies, in vitro or in vivo, without restriction of the year of publication or language in electronic databases (Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, The Cochrane Library, LILACS (BVS), clinical trial registries (Clinical Trials.gov), digital libraries from CAPES theses and dissertations (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Brazil) and conference abstracts. A quality assessment of the selected studies was performed using the SYRCLE, RoB2 and SciRAP tools.
RESULTS
42 studies were included, which showed molecules with potential antiviral pharmacological activity or with activity in reducing the joint complications caused by CHIKV infection.
CONCLUSIONS
Among the molecules found in the survey of references, regarding the class of secondary metabolites, flavonoids stood out and for this reason, the molecules may be promising candidates for future clinical trials. Overall, evidence from in vitro studies was of acceptable quality; in vivo and intervention studies showed a high risk of bias, which is a limitation of these studies.
PubMed: 38847165
DOI: 10.2174/0113894501304256240524052446 -
Frontiers in Neurology 2024Migraines affect one billion individuals globally, with a higher occurrence among young adults and women. A significant survey in the United States indicated that 17.1%...
BACKGROUND
Migraines affect one billion individuals globally, with a higher occurrence among young adults and women. A significant survey in the United States indicated that 17.1% of women and 5.6% of men suffer from migraines. This study seeks to investigate the potential connection between NLRP3 and MMP9 in migraine pathology.
METHODS
The research involved searching databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Proquest, with the search concluding on March 31, 2024. Following PRISMA guidelines, PICO data were collected, focusing exclusively on animal models induced by Nitroglycerine (10 mg/kg), while excluding clinical studies.
RESULTS
The study, originally registered in Prospero Reg. No. CRD42022355893, conducted bias analysis using SYRCLE's RoB tool and evaluated author consensus using GraphPad v9.5.1. Out of 7,359 search results, 22 papers met the inclusion criteria. Inter-rater reliability among reviewers was assessed using Cohen's kappa statistics.
CONCLUSION
This review summarizes 22 preclinical studies on Nitroglycerin (NTG), NLRP3, MMP9, and related biomarkers in migraine. They reveal that NTG, especially at 10 mg/kg, consistently induces migraine-like symptoms in rodents by activating NLRP3 inflammasome and stimulating proinflammatory molecule production.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, CRD42022355893.
PubMed: 38836002
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1307319 -
PloS One 2024Approximately 10 to 20% of pregnant women worldwide experience perinatal depression (PND), a depressive episode with onset during pregnancy or after childbirth. We...
BACKGROUND
Approximately 10 to 20% of pregnant women worldwide experience perinatal depression (PND), a depressive episode with onset during pregnancy or after childbirth. We performed a systematic review to identify, summarize and discuss studies on inflammatory biomarkers described in relation to PND.
METHOD
Inclusion criteria defined the selection of observational studies written in English, French, Spanish or Portuguese, that evaluate analytical levels of inflammatory molecules (protein levels) in biological fluids in women, with a diagnosis of depression using ICD/DSM diagnostic criteria or depressive symptoms assessed by standardized psychometric instruments, during pregnancy and/or postpartum. Case reports, experimental studies, reviews, qualitative analysis, meta-analysis, gray literature or replicated data were excluded. Three electronic databases were used for search (Pubmed, Web of Science and PsychInfo) and quality assessment of selected studies were performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Data extraction included study design; number of subjects; obstetric information; tools and timepoints of depression and inflammatory markers assessment.
RESULTS
56 studies (sample size for cross-sectional and case-control studies ranging from 10 to 469; sample size for longitudinal studies ranging from 26 to 467), where the major aim was to analyze the association between depression and inflammatory biomarkers during pregnancy and postpartum period were included in this systematic review. Overall, the findings of our systematic review lend support to the hypothesis that several inflammatory markers may be associated with peripartum depressive symptoms. The associations were somewhat different looking at pregnancy compared to the delivery time-point and postpartum, and mainly referred to increased levels of IL-6, IL-8, CRP and TNF-α among depressed.
DISCUSSION
In summary, our systematic review findings provide evidence supporting the hypothesis that several inflammatory markers may correlate with peripartum depressive symptoms. However, our work also highlighted notable differences in the timing of biological sampling for inflammatory markers and in the methodologies used to assess depression during the perinatal period. Additionally, variations were observed in how inflammatory biomarkers and depression were approached, including their classification as exposure or outcome variables, and the timing of assessments. It is essential for future research to investigate the influence of biological fluids and the timing of assessments for both inflammatory biomarkers and depression to gain a deeper understanding of their association. This comprehensive exploration is pivotal for elucidating the intricate relationship between inflammation and perinatal depression.
Topics: Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Biomarkers; Pregnancy Complications; Depression; Inflammation; Depression, Postpartum
PubMed: 38820411
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280612 -
World Journal of Stem Cells May 2024Gliomas pose a significant challenge to effective treatment despite advancements in chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Glioma stem cells (GSCs), a subset within tumors,...
BACKGROUND
Gliomas pose a significant challenge to effective treatment despite advancements in chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Glioma stem cells (GSCs), a subset within tumors, contribute to resistance, tumor heterogeneity, and plasticity. Recent studies reveal GSCs' role in therapeutic resistance, driven by DNA repair mechanisms and dynamic transitions between cellular states. Resistance mechanisms can involve different cellular pathways, most of which have been recently reported in the literature. Despite progress, targeted therapeutic approaches lack consensus due to GSCs' high plasticity.
AIM
To analyze targeted therapies against GSC-mediated resistance to radio- and chemotherapy in gliomas, focusing on underlying mechanisms.
METHODS
A systematic search was conducted across major medical databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) up to September 30, 2023. The search strategy utilized relevant Medical Subject Heading terms and keywords related to including "glioma stem cells", "radiotherapy", "chemotherapy", "resistance", and "targeted therapies". Studies included in this review were publications focusing on targeted therapies against the molecular mechanism of GSC-mediated resistance to radiotherapy resistance (RTR).
RESULTS
In a comprehensive review of 66 studies on stem cell therapies for SCI, 452 papers were initially identified, with 203 chosen for full-text analysis. Among them, 201 were deemed eligible after excluding 168 for various reasons. The temporal breakdown of studies illustrates this trend: 2005-2010 (33.3%), 2011-2015 (36.4%), and 2016-2022 (30.3%). Key GSC models, particularly U87 (33.3%), U251 (15.2%), and T98G (15.2%), emerge as significant in research, reflecting their representativeness of glioma characteristics. Pathway analysis indicates a focus on phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) (27.3%) and Notch (12.1%) pathways, suggesting their crucial roles in resistance development. Targeted molecules with mTOR (18.2%), CHK1/2 (15.2%), and ATP binding cassette G2 (12.1%) as frequent targets underscore their importance in overcoming GSC-mediated resistance. Various therapeutic agents, notably RNA inhibitor/short hairpin RNA (27.3%), inhibitors ( LY294002, NVP-BEZ235) (24.2%), and monoclonal antibodies ( cetuximab) (9.1%), demonstrate versatility in targeted therapies. among 20 studies (60.6%), the most common effect on the chemotherapy resistance response is a reduction in temozolomide resistance (51.5%), followed by reductions in carmustine resistance (9.1%) and doxorubicin resistance (3.0%), while resistance to RTR is reduced in 42.4% of studies.
CONCLUSION
GSCs play a complex role in mediating radioresistance and chemoresistance, emphasizing the necessity for precision therapies that consider the heterogeneity within the GSC population and the dynamic tumor microenvironment to enhance outcomes for glioblastoma patients.
PubMed: 38817336
DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.604 -
Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology 2024Compared with anti-infective drugs, immunosuppressants and other fields, the application of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in oncology is somewhat limited. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Compared with anti-infective drugs, immunosuppressants and other fields, the application of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in oncology is somewhat limited.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of TDM guidelines for antineoplastic drugs and to promote the development of individualized drug therapy in oncology.
DESIGN
This study type is a systematic review.
DATA SOURCES AND METHODS
This study was performed and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 statement. Databases including PubMed, Embase, the official websites of TDM-related associations and Chinese databases were comprehensively searched up to March 2023. Two investigators independently screened the literature and extracted data. The methodological and reporting quality was evaluated using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) and the Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT), respectively. Recommendations and quality evaluation results were presented by visual plots. This study was registered in PROSPERO (No. CRD42022325661).
RESULTS
A total of eight studies were included, with publication years ranging from 2014 to 2022. From the perspective of guideline development, two guidelines were developed using evidence-based methods. Among the included guidelines, four guidelines were for cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs, three for small molecule kinase inhibitors, and one for antineoplastic biosimilars. Currently available guidelines and clinical practice provided recommendations of individualized medication in oncology based on TDM, as well as influencing factors. With regard to methodological quality based on AGREE II, the average overall quality score was 55.21%. As for the reporting quality by RIGHT evaluation, the average reporting rate was 53.57%.
CONCLUSION
From the perspective of current guidelines, TDM in oncology is now being expanded from cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs to newer targeted treatments. Whereas, the types of antineoplastic drugs involved are still small, and there is still room for quality improvement. Furthermore, the reflected gaps warrant future studies into the exposure-response relationships and population pharmacokinetics models.
PubMed: 38812991
DOI: 10.1177/17588359241250130 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2024Gram-negative bacteria have been one of the most studied classes in the field of microbiology, especially in the context of globally alarming antimicrobial resistance...
UNLABELLED
Gram-negative bacteria have been one of the most studied classes in the field of microbiology, especially in the context of globally alarming antimicrobial resistance levels to these pathogens over the course of the past decades. With high numbers of these microorganisms being described as multidrug-resistant (MDR), or even extended-drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria, specialists in the field have been struggling to keep up with higher prevalence of difficult-to-treat infections caused by such superbugs. The FDA approval of novel antimicrobials, such as cefiderocol (FDC), ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T), ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA), imipenem/relebactam (IMR), sulbactam/durlobactam (SUL-DUR) and phase 3 clinical trials' results of aztreonam/avibactam (ATM-AVI) has proven that, while all these substances provide encouraging efficacy rates, antibiotic resistance keeps up with the pace of drug development. Microorganisms have developed more extensive mechanisms of resistance in order to target the threat posed by these novel antimicrobials, thus equiring researchers to be on a constant lookout for other potential drug candidates and molecule development. However, these strategies require a proper understanding of bacterial resistance mechanisms to gain a comprehensive outlook on the issue. The present review aims to highlight these six antibiotic agents, which have brought hope to clinicians during the past decade, discussing general properties of these substances, as well as mechanisms and patterns of resistance, while also providing a short overview on further directions in the field.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#searchadvanced, Identifier CRD42024505832.
PubMed: 38800756
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1385475