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International Journal of Environmental... Dec 2023Exposure to aflatoxin B1 can be associated with reproductive toxicity, accompanied by decreased sperm concentration in animal models. The aim of this meta-analysis was... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Exposure to aflatoxin B1 can be associated with reproductive toxicity, accompanied by decreased sperm concentration in animal models. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the correlation between aflatoxin B1 exposure and sperm concentrations of male rodents (both mice and rats). According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 8 articles were selected to assess in the current meta-analysis. The random effects and pooled analysis indicated that sperm concentration was decreased in mice [MD sperm = -20.79×10/sperm/g testis (95%CI =-1.3 to -50.5)] and in rats [-24.34×10/sperm/g testis (95%CI: -7.60 to -44.35)] after exposure to aflatoxin B1 compared with control groups. A significant heterogeneity was found among studies (for mice I=99.7%, %, <0.000 and rats =I=98.8, <0.000). The findings of present meta-analysis showed the association between aflatoxin B1 exposure and a decrease in sperm concentration in rodents.
Topics: Male; Rats; Mice; Animals; Aflatoxin B1; Rodentia; Semen; Spermatozoa; Testis
PubMed: 36001895
DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2113766 -
Reviews on Environmental Health Dec 2023Due to the widespread use and environmental pollution of estrogenic chemicals, the need for screening tests to detect these compounds is felt more than ever. These... (Review)
Review
Due to the widespread use and environmental pollution of estrogenic chemicals, the need for screening tests to detect these compounds is felt more than ever. These compounds lead to cell proliferation. Therefore, studies used cell proliferation to evaluate estrogenic compounds was studied in this systematic review. This systematic review was performed with the keywords; DNA proliferation, cell proliferation, estrogenic component, estrogen, food, bioassay, screening, and detection. After initial screening and full text quality assessment, 16 manuscripts were selected and data were extracted. Four cell lines, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, Ishikawa, and T47D cells were used in the studies. MCF-7 was more sensitive to estrogenic compounds than other lines. Most of the samples studied were plant compounds and mycotoxins and substances that migrate from packaging to food. This screening test is valid and has similar results as others.
Topics: Estrogens; Cell Proliferation; Biological Assay
PubMed: 35934880
DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0035 -
Food Research International (Ottawa,... Aug 2022The ongoing shift from traditional diets to plant-based meat alternatives is governed by the friendly-character related to consumers' health and environment. However,...
The ongoing shift from traditional diets to plant-based meat alternatives is governed by the friendly-character related to consumers' health and environment. However, the beneficial aspects of meat alternatives overshadow the possible adverse effects that accompany them. The present systematic review shows that the contamination of the most common plant-based meat alternatives, soybean, chickpea, pea, and seitan with mycotoxins is understudied or not studied at all. Even though they are toxic and were found in soy-based food, tropane and β-carboline alkaloids contamination data in plant-based meat alternatives is also lacking. Mycotoxin mixtures that can have additive or synergistic toxic effects have been found in multiple soy-based food, revealing the high risk that consumers expose themselves to. To better understand the risks that come along with the shift to plant-based meat diets, future research is needed regarding contamination data of plant-based meat alternatives with natural toxins. Maximum limits for contaminants found in plant-based meat alternatives need to be established by the European Commission in order to ensure consumers' food safety.
Topics: Food Contamination; Food Safety; Meat; Mycotoxins; Soy Foods
PubMed: 35840202
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111490 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2022Humans continue to be constantly exposed to mycotoxins, mainly through oral exposure (dietary), inhalation, or dermal contact. Recently, it has been of increasing... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Humans continue to be constantly exposed to mycotoxins, mainly through oral exposure (dietary), inhalation, or dermal contact. Recently, it has been of increasing interest to investigate mycotoxin-linked carcinogenicity. This systematic review was conducted to synthesize evidence of the association between mycotoxin-linked mutations and the risk of cancer, to provide an overview of the data linking exposure to different mycotoxins with human cancer risk, and to provide an update on current research on the risk of cancer associated with human exposure to mycotoxins. PRISMA guidelines were used when conducting the systematic review. PubMed, MEDLINE, and CINAHL electronic databases were comprehensively searched to extract the relevant studies published from inception to May 2022. A total of sixteen relevant studies (4907 participants) were identified and included in this review. Of these, twelve studies were from Asia, while four of the studies were conducted in Africa. The overall meta-analysis result found no significant association, although some of the studies confirmed an association between mycotoxin-linked mutations and primary liver cancer risk. Mainly, the experimental studies have shown associations between mycotoxin-linked mutations and cancer risk, and there is a need for researchers to confirm these links in epidemiological studies in order to guide public health policies and interventions.
Topics: Africa; Diet; Food Contamination; Global Health; Humans; Mutation; Mycotoxins; Neoplasms
PubMed: 35805411
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137754 -
Reviews on Environmental Health Sep 2023Despite in recent decades, several studies on the concentration of aflatoxins M1(AFM1) in various milks have been studied, as we know, no systematic review,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
REVIEWS
Despite in recent decades, several studies on the concentration of aflatoxins M1(AFM1) in various milks have been studied, as we know, no systematic review, meta-analysis and carcinogenic risk assessment study was conducted in Iran till now.
OBJECTIVES
In this study, a systematic review was conducted to collect, meta-analysis and carcinogenic risk assessment of the quantitative data regarding the prevalence and concentration of AFM1 in several types of milk produced in Iran.
CONTENT
In our study, the concentration and prevalence of AFM1 in different types of milk (Raw, pasteurized, and UHT) from 113 original articles in Iran using searching the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar (in Persian and English) databases from 2002 to august 2021 were collected. The concentration of AFM1 was meta-analyzed using the random effect model (REM) based on type of milk (raw, pasteurized and UHT) subgroups and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) approach was used to assess safety risks and investigate carcinogenic effects of AFM1 using Crystal-Ball software (Version 11.1.3, Oracle, Inc., USA).
SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK
The 113 original article (In English and Persian) were included in this review. Meta-analysis indicated lower and upper of AFM1 in subgroups of raw, pasteurized and UHT milk in Iran was 9, 720, 2.7, 230.2, 19.23, and 221.6 ng/kg respectively. The Point estimate for carcinogenic risk of AFM1 showed as result of age increasing, the carcinogenic risk of Aflatoxin M 1 decreases and concentration of Aflatoxin M1 (ng/liter), plays the most effective role in carcinogenic risk of AFM1.
CONCLUSION
The presence of AFM1 in milk and its products due to its high toxicity and carcinogenic properties is a public health concern that the results show that the risk of carcinogenesis is higher at younger ages (less than 20 years). As a result, there is a strong association between consumption of raw milk, pasteurized milk and UHT and the risk of cancer in children and adults in Iran.
Topics: Adult; Child; Humans; Animals; Milk; Iran; Aflatoxin M1; Carcinogens; Food Contamination; Risk Assessment; Carcinogenesis
PubMed: 35749130
DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0050 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2022It has been widely demonstrated that endocrine disruptors play a central role in various physiopathological processes of human health. In the literature, various... (Review)
Review
It has been widely demonstrated that endocrine disruptors play a central role in various physiopathological processes of human health. In the literature, various carcinogenic processes have been associated with endocrine disruptors. A review of the molecular mechanisms underlying the interaction between endocrine disruptors and the endometrial cancer has been poorly developed. A systematic review was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE. A total of 25 in vivo and in vitro works were selected. Numerous endocrine disruptors were analyzed. The most relevant results showed how Bisphenol A (BPA) interacts with the carcinogenesis process on several levels. It has been demonstrated how BPA can interact with hormonal receptors and with different transcription proliferative and antiproliferative factors. Furthermore, the effect of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on Aryl hydrocarbon receptors was investigated, and the role of flame retardants in promoting proliferation and metastasis was confirmed. The results obtained demonstrate how the mechanisms of action of endocrine disruptors are manifold in the pathophysiology of endometrial cancer, acting on different levels of the cancerogenesis process.
Topics: Benzhydryl Compounds; Carcinogenesis; Endocrine Disruptors; Endometrial Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon
PubMed: 35328379
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062956 -
Toxins Feb 2022The study presents a systematic review of published scientific articles investigating the effects of interventions aiming at aflatoxin reduction at the feed production...
The study presents a systematic review of published scientific articles investigating the effects of interventions aiming at aflatoxin reduction at the feed production and animal feeding phases of the milk value chain in order to identify the recent scientific trends and summarize the main findings available in the literature. The review strategy was designed based on the guidance of the systematic review and knowledge synthesis methodology that is applicable in the field of food safety. The Web of Science and EBSCOhost online databases were searched with predefined algorithms. After title and abstract relevance screening and relevance confirmation with full-text screening, 67 studies remained for data extraction, which were included in the review. The most important identified groups of interventions based on their mode of action and place in the technological process are as follows: low-moisture production using preservatives, acidity regulators, adsorbents and various microbiological additives. The results of the listed publications are summarized and compared for all the identified intervention groups. The paper aimed to help feed producers, farmers and relevant stakeholders to get an overview of the most suitable aflatoxin mitigation options, which is extremely important in the near future as climate change will likely be accompanied by elevated mycotoxin levels.
Topics: Aflatoxins; Animal Feed; Animals; Dairying; Food Contamination; Zea mays
PubMed: 35202142
DOI: 10.3390/toxins14020115 -
International Journal of Environmental... May 2023This study aimed to assess the prevalence, concentration of AFM1 in human breast milk, and to determine the risk of cancer for infants in sub-Saharan Africa. A... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
This study aimed to assess the prevalence, concentration of AFM1 in human breast milk, and to determine the risk of cancer for infants in sub-Saharan Africa. A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, CINAHL, Web of science, global health, Cochrane, and Google Scholar electronic databases. A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence and concentration of AFM1 in breast milk. The meta-analysis of 8 articles containing 9 studies showed the pooled prevalence of AFM1 in breast milk to be 56.18% (95% CI: 29.65-82.71) and the pooled concentration to be 31.12 ng/L (95% CI: 25.97-36.25). The cancer risk assessment indicated for both male and female 1-month infants in Sierra Leone (HI > 1) is high, and all the rest of the infants are free of risk (HI < 1). The pooled prevalence and mean concentration of AFM1 in breast milk is high. Monitoring of AFB1 concentration of commonly used foods will be of high value in reducing the burden of AFM1.
Topics: Infant; Humans; Male; Female; Milk, Human; Aflatoxin M1; Prevalence; Food Contamination; Neoplasms; Africa South of the Sahara; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 35168414
DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2036330 -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... 2023Wheat is one of the main cereals grown around the world and is the basis for several foods such as bread, cakes and pasta. The consumption of these foods raises a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Wheat is one of the main cereals grown around the world and is the basis for several foods such as bread, cakes and pasta. The consumption of these foods raises a concern with food safety, as toxic substances such as acrylamide, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are formed during their processing. To assess the occurrence of processing contaminants in wheat-based foods, a systematic search was carried out in four databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus. Of the 1479 results, 28 were included for a meta-analysis. Most studies (69.7%) evaluated acrylamide in bread, cookies, and pasta, while PAHs (26.2%) were determined mainly in wheat grains and pasta. HMF was the least determined contaminant (4.1%), with only four studies on cookies included in the meta-analysis. The highest concentration was for acrylamide (136.29 µg·kg) followed by HMF (70.59 µg·kg) and PAHs (0.11 µg·kg). Acrylamide is the main processing contaminant researched, and no studies on the subject have been found in commercial samples in some regions of the world. This result shows a gap in the dates available about process contaminants in wheat-based foods and how the levels can change depending on the process parameters and the ingredients used.
Topics: Triticum; Food Safety; Bread; Bibliometrics; Acrylamides; Acrylamide; Food Contamination
PubMed: 35139711
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2022594 -
Journal of Food Science and Technology Apr 2023Olive oil can be contaminated by fungal toxins; therefore, it is necessary to monitor the incidence of mycotoxins in this oil. In the present study, the pooled... (Review)
Review
Olive oil can be contaminated by fungal toxins; therefore, it is necessary to monitor the incidence of mycotoxins in this oil. In the present study, the pooled prevalence of detectable aflatoxin B (AFB) in olive oil was evaluated using systematic review and meta-analysis approach from 1 January 1991 to 31 December 2020 (30 years study). The search was conducted via electronic databases involving Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Agris and Agricola. Synonyms were collected from combination of the MESH, Agrovoc and free text method. After screening and selection process of primary researches, full texts of eligible researches (46 studies) were evaluated and data of the nine studies as included researches were extracted. Random effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of AFB in olive oil and weighing model of Dersimonian-Laired was applied. Summary measure of mycotoxin prevalence was estimated using Metaprop module of STATA and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the Binomial Exact Method. Pooled prevalence of AFB in olive oils were 32% (95% CI 8-56%) which means that 68% of olive oil were free of detectable contaminants of AFB. Due to controversy over the results of primary studies, future researches and consequent subgroup analysis based on the main variables affecting the aflatoxins contamination in olive oil are recommended to achieve the conclusive results.
PubMed: 35034978
DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05362-y