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Cancer Medicine Feb 2024The aim of this systematic literature review was to provide updated information on human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in locally and regionally advanced (LA) and... (Review)
Review
A systematic literature review of the human papillomavirus prevalence in locally and regionally advanced and recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancers through the last decade: The "ALARM" study.
AIMS
The aim of this systematic literature review was to provide updated information on human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in locally and regionally advanced (LA) and recurrent/metastatic (RM) head and neck cancer (HNC) worldwide.
METHODS
Electronic searches were conducted on clinicaltrials.gov, MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and ASCO/ESMO journals of congresses for interventional studies (IS; Phase I-III trials) as well as MEDLINE and Embase for non-interventional studies (NIS) of LA/RM HNC published between January 01, 2010 and December 31, 2020. Criteria for study selection included: availability of HPV prevalence data for LA/RM HNC patients, patient enrollment from January 01, 2010 onward, and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) included among HNC types. HPV prevalence per study was calculated as proportion of HPV+ over total number of enrolled patients. For overall HPV prevalence across studies, mean of reported HPV prevalence rates across studies and pooled estimate (sum of all HPV+ patients over sum of all patients enrolled) were assessed.
RESULTS
Eighty-one studies (62 IS; 19 NIS) were included, representing 9607 LA/RM HNC cases, with an overall mean (pooled) HPV prevalence of 32.6% (25.1%). HPV prevalence was 44.7% (44.0%) in LA and 24.3% (18.6%) in RM. Among 2714 LA/RM OPC patients from 52 studies with available data, mean (pooled) value was 55.8% (50.7%). The majority of data were derived from Northern America and Europe, with overall HPV prevalence of 46.0% (42.1%) and 24.7% (25.3%) across studies conducted exclusively in these geographic regions, respectively (Northern Europe: 31.9% [63.1%]). A "p16-based" assay was the most frequently reported HPV detection methodology (58.0%).
CONCLUSION
Over the last decade, at least one quarter of LA/RM HNC and half of OPC cases studied in IS and NIS were HPV+. This alarming burden is consistent with a potential implication of HPV in the pathogenesis of at least a subgroup of HNC, underscoring the relevance of HPV testing and prophylaxis to HNC prevention and management.
Topics: Humans; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Prevalence
PubMed: 38247106
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6916 -
The Journal of Adolescent Health :... May 2024Strengthening healthcare professionals' (HCPs) communication is an evidence-based approach to increasing human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake among adolescents. To... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Strengthening healthcare professionals' (HCPs) communication is an evidence-based approach to increasing human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake among adolescents. To better target future interventions, we sought to synthesize evidence on HCP subgroups who most need to improve their HPV vaccine recommendation quality.
METHODS
We searched five databases for quantitative studies published from 2012 to 2022 on HPV vaccine recommendation quality, including recommendation consistency and strength, for United States adolescents. Two coders independently abstracted data from each eligible study, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We summarized variation in recommendation quality by clinical and HCP characteristics.
RESULTS
The 28 eligible studies indicated that relatively low proportions of HCPs used higher-quality recommendation practices (median: 61% across 30 measures) and that recommendation quality varied across HCP subgroups. The most consistent findings were that more pediatric HCPs used higher-quality recommendations than family medicine HCPs (8 of 11 studies, 2-60 percentage point difference) and that HPV-related knowledge was associated with higher recommendation quality (four of seven studies). Most studies observed no differences in recommendation quality by clinical role (e.g., provider vs. nurse) or HCP demographics (e.g., gender, age, race/ethnicity).
DISCUSSION
Studies suggest a substantial need to improve HCPs' recommendation quality, with opportunities for targeting future interventions.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Child; United States; Papillomavirus Infections; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Health Personnel; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Vaccination
PubMed: 38231146
DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.11.016 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Jan 2024Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. The present review was conducted to accumulate evidence on the...
BACKGROUND
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases worldwide. The present review was conducted to accumulate evidence on the relationship between cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection and serum vitamin D status.
METHODS
Electronic databases including Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and PubMed were searched by different combinations of keywords related to "human papillomavirus" and "vitamin D", obtained from Mesh and Emtree with AND, and OR operators without any time restriction until December 24, 2022. Selection of articles was based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist was applied for reporting.
RESULTS
In total, 276 citations were retrieved. After removing duplicates, and non-related articles, the full texts of 7 articles were reviewed including 11168 participants. Three studies reported that there was a positive relationship between vitamin D deficiency and cervicovaginal human papillomavirus while three studies did not. One study showed a significant positive association between higher vitamin D stores and short-term high-risk human papillomavirus persistence.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings showed no firm evidence for any association between serum vitamin D level and cervicovaginal human papillomavirus infection, although the possible association could not be discarded. Further investigations are needed to reach sound evidence.
Topics: Humans; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Papillomavirus Infections; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamins
PubMed: 38216875
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09006-8 -
PloS One 2024The comprehensive effectiveness of the HPV vaccine has been widely acknowledged. However, challenges such as dosing adherence and limited budgets have led to delays in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The comprehensive effectiveness of the HPV vaccine has been widely acknowledged. However, challenges such as dosing adherence and limited budgets have led to delays in HPV vaccination implementation in many countries. A potential solution to these issues could lie in a one-dose vaccination with an HPV vaccine, as indicated by promising outcomes in multiple studies.
METHODS
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we examine the comparative effectiveness of the one-dose vaccination with an HPV vaccine against two- and three-dose regimens. Our investigation focuses on clinical efficacy, encompassing the prevention of HPV16, HPV18, and hrHPV infections, HSIL or ASC-H incidence, and CIN2/3 incidence.
RESULTS
Our analysis suggests that a single-dose HPV vaccine may offer effectiveness on par with two- or three-dose schedules. This conclusion is drawn from its capacity to confer immunogenic protection for at least 8 years of follow-up, coupled with its ability to mitigate infections and pre-cancerous occurrences.
CONCLUSION
While our findings underscore the potential of the one-dose vaccination with an HPV vaccine, further research and prolonged study durations are necessary to establish robust evidence supporting this recommendation. As such, continued investigation will be critical for informing vaccination strategies.
Topics: Female; Humans; Budgets; Human papillomavirus 16; Papillomavirus Vaccines; Treatment Outcome; Vaccination
PubMed: 38180991
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290808 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Dec 2023To conduct a systematic review to determine the global prevalence of HPV in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To conduct a systematic review to determine the global prevalence of HPV in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Literature was searched through October 2022 in main databases to address the question "What is the global prevalence of Human Papillomavirus in oral and oropharyngeal cancer?" Studies had to identify HPV by PCR, ISH, or p16 immunohistochemistry to be eligible. Quality was assessed using the JBI checklist for prevalence studies. Meta-analyses were performed, and reporting followed PRISMA guidelines.
RESULTS
Sixty-five studies were included, and most of them had methodological limitations related to sampling and the HPV detection tool. The pooled prevalence of HPV-positivity was 10% (event rate = 0.1; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.13; P < 0.01; I = 88%) in the oral cavity and 42% (event rate = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.49; P = 0.02; I2 = 97%) in oropharynx. The highest HPV prevalence in OSCC was reached by Japan, meanwhile, in OPSCC, Finland and Sweden were the most prevalent. HPV16 is the genotype most frequent with 69% in OSCC and 89% in OPSCC, being the tonsils the intraoral location more affected by HPV (63%, p < 0.01, I 76%).
CONCLUSION
The evidence points to an apparent burden in HPV-related OPSCC, mostly in North America, Northern Europe, and Oceania, especially due to the HPV16 infection suggesting different trends across continents.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This updated systematic review and meta-analysis provide sufficient evidence about the global HPV prevalence in OSCC and OPSCC and the most frequent HPV subtype worldwide.
Topics: Humans; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Papillomavirus Infections; Prevalence; Mouth Neoplasms; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms; Head and Neck Neoplasms
PubMed: 38158517
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05425-0 -
Acta Histochemica Jan 2024The combined pathogenesis of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and several viruses such as HBV, EBV and influenza virus have been investigated yet the molecular mechanism of their... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
The combined pathogenesis of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and several viruses such as HBV, EBV and influenza virus have been investigated yet the molecular mechanism of their interaction and possible synergistic effects is not fully understood.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of the current systematic review was to review in-vitro and in-vivo studies investigating the combined pathogenesis of aflatoxins and viruses.
METHODS
This systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PECO (Population, Exposure, Comparator, and Outcome) criteria for invitro and invivo studies were used to evaluate the eligibility of the studies for systematic review.
RESULTS
21 studies were eligible for qualitative analysis based on the inclusion criteria. Of all the included studies, 9 (42.9 %) were invivo, 7 (33.3 %) were invitro-invivo and 5(23.8) articles conducted only invitro assay. Furthermore 14 (66.6 %) article explored hepatitis B virus (HBV) combination with AFB1, 4 (19 %) studied influenza A virus (SIV), 2 (9.7 %) were about Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and only 1 (4.7 %) included hepatitis C virus (HCV).
CONCLUSION
The limited collected evidence suggests that AFB1 enhanced EBV and influenza virus pathogenesis. AFB1 also operated as a cofactor for HBV and EBV-mediated carcinogenesis. On the other hand HBV and HCV also induced AFB-1 carcinogenesis. Due to the limited amount of included studies and the inconsistency of their results further studies especially on HBV and SIV are essential for better understanding of their combined mechanisms.
Topics: Humans; Aflatoxin B1; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Hepatitis B virus; Carcinogenesis; Hepatitis C
PubMed: 38101290
DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152116 -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Feb 2024This study provides an overview of the effectiveness and safety of PDT for the treatment of HPV-associated precancerous cervical conditions and contains recent findings...
Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of precancerous diseases of the cervix (neoplasia) associated with the human papillomavirus: A systematic review.
This study provides an overview of the effectiveness and safety of PDT for the treatment of HPV-associated precancerous cervical conditions and contains recent findings from relevant research studies. A comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Central Library, and Google Scholar was conducted, including analytic epidemiological studies, and 11 papers were included. The narrative synthesis approach was used to summarize the results of the included studies. Studies were critically appraised using The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool for assessing the risk of bias. The results of the study demonstrate that CRR for HPV remission ranges from 66.7 % to 92.73 %, whereas for CIN1 it fluctuates from 57.1 % to 83.3 %. The frequency of recurrence of the disease ranged from 3.3 % to 8.9 % during the follow-up period of up to 2 years. Adverse events were observed in 8 (66 %) studies and the most common were cervical stenosis, abdominal pain, vaginal pain, and focal edema. Five types of topical and intravenous applications along with lasers of various wavelengths and intensities were mostly used. However, all studies demonstrated relatively similar results. According to the results, PDT has demonstrated favorable outcomes, but no impressive effect on the treatment of CIN. It should be emphasized, that the effectiveness of PDT for the treatment of HPV-associated CIN may vary depending on some variables, including the kind of PDT agent used, the dosage, duration and frequency of PDT administration, the severity and location of the lesions, and the host immunological response.
Topics: Female; Humans; Cervix Uteri; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Papillomavirus Infections; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Precancerous Conditions; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 38070631
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103925 -
Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer... Dec 2023The second most deadly gynecological cancer worldwide, cervical cancer is steadily on the rise in sub-Saharan Africa, while vaccination programs are struggling to get... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
The second most deadly gynecological cancer worldwide, cervical cancer is steadily on the rise in sub-Saharan Africa, while vaccination programs are struggling to get off the ground. This systematic review's aim was to assess the prevalence and distribution of high- and low-risk HPV genotypes in West African women.
METHODS
Original studies were retrieved from PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. In these studies, Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA was assessed in cervical samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Hybrid capture, and sequencing. The quality of the articles was assessed and the results were extracted and reviewed.
RESULTS
Thirty-nine studies from 10 West African countries were included for the systematic review including 30 for the pooled analysis. From an overall of 17358 participants, 5126 of whom were infected with at least one HPV genotype, the systematic review showed a prevalence varying from 8.9% to 81.8% in the general population. In contrast, the pooled prevalence of infection was 28.6% (n = 3890; 95% CI 27.85-29.38), and HPV-52 (13.3%), HPV-56 (9.3%), and HPV-35 (8.2) were the most frequent. Quadrivalent and nonavalent vaccines covered 18.2% and 55.8% of identified genotypes respectively.
CONCLUSION
Faced with this growing public health challenge in West Africa, it would be necessary for all its countries to have reliable data on HPV infection and to introduce the nonavalent vaccine. A study of the genotypic distribution of HPV in high-grade precancerous lesions and cervical cancer would be very useful in West Africa.
Topics: Humans; Female; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Human Papillomavirus Viruses; Vaccination Coverage; Papillomavirus Infections; Papillomaviridae; Genotype; Prevalence
PubMed: 38060078
DOI: 10.1186/s43046-023-00196-x -
Virology Journal Dec 2023Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common gynecologic tumors among women around the world. Although the etiological role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in CC is well... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common gynecologic tumors among women around the world. Although the etiological role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in CC is well established, other factors in CC carcinogenesis remains unclear. Here, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the association between infections of human herpesvirus (HHVs) and CC risk.
METHODS
Embase and PubMed databases were utilized to search the relevant studies. The revised JBI Critical Appraisal Tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Prevalence and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate the association between viral infection and CC or precancerous cervical lesions (PCL).
RESULTS
Totally 67 eligible studies involving 7 different HHVs were included in meta-analysis. We found an increased risk of CC or PCL that was associated with the overall infection of HHVs (CC, OR = 2.74, 95% CI 2.13-3.53; PCL, OR = 1.95, 95% CI 1.58-2.41). Subgroup analysis showed a trend towards positive correlations between herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection and CC (OR = 3.01, 95% CI 2.24 to 4.04) or PCL (OR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.55 to 2.96), and the same is true between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and CC (OR = 4.89, 95% CI 2.18 to 10.96) or PCL (OR = 3.55, 95% CI 2.52 to 5.00). However, for HSV-1 and cytomegalovirus (HCMV), there was no association between viral infection and CC or PCL. By contrast, the roles of HHV-6, HHV-7, and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) in cervical lesions were unclear due to the limited number of studies.
CONCLUSIONS
This study provided evidence that HHVs infection as a whole increase the risk of CC incidence. In addition, some types of HHVs such as EBV and HSV-2 may serve as potential targets in the development of new interventions or therapeutic strategies for cervical lesions.
Topics: Humans; Female; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Herpesviridae Infections; Herpesviridae; Herpes Simplex; Herpesvirus 1, Human; Herpesvirus 2, Human
PubMed: 38049836
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02234-5 -
Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism Feb 2024Vaccines taking advantage of mRNA technology have been long in development.
BACKGROUND
Vaccines taking advantage of mRNA technology have been long in development.
OBJECTIVES
To review the status of approved mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases as well as those in development.
METHODS
Systematic literature review of clinical and immunologic studies of mRNA vaccines against infectious diseases.
RESULTS
Currently approved mRNA vaccines include those against SARS CoV-2 virus. They are immunogenic and provide good protection against severe disease. A number of mRNA vaccines for influenza are in development including in phase 3 studies. Other such vaccines in development include those targeting Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), varicella (VZV), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Many of these vaccines will likely be indicated for immunosuppressed populations including those with autoimmune inflammatory diseases.
CONCLUSIONS
A number of mRNA vaccines against viral pathogens are in early to late phase development. The ability to rapidly change vaccine constituents and target complex targets, make mRNA vaccines likely to be adopted in the future.
Topics: Humans; Communicable Diseases; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; Herpesvirus 3, Human; Herpesvirus 4, Human; mRNA Vaccines; Rheumatologists
PubMed: 38040517
DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2023.152325