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European Journal of Clinical Nutrition Sep 2020Recently, relationship between gut microbiota composition and development of obesity has been pointed. However, the gut microbiota composition of individual with obesity... (Review)
Review
Recently, relationship between gut microbiota composition and development of obesity has been pointed. However, the gut microbiota composition of individual with obesity is not known yet. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to evaluate differences in profile of gut microbiota between individuals with obesity and individuals with normal weight. A search performed on August 2019 in the databases Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Lilacs and gray literature using the terms: "microbiota", "microbiome", "obesity", "obesity morbid", and "humans". Studies assessing the gut microbiota composition in adults with obesity and lean were included. Quality assessment was performed by Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Of the 12,496 studies, 32 were eligible and included in this review. Individuals with obesity have a greater Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, Mollicutes, Lactobacillus (reuteri), and less Verrucomicrobia (Akkermansia muciniphila), Faecalibacterium (prausnitzii), Bacteroidetes, Methanobrevibacter smithii, Lactobacillus plantarum and paracasei. In addition, some bacteria had positive correlation and others negative correlation with obesity. Individuals with obesity showed profile of gut microbiota different than individual lean. These results may help in advances of the diagnosis and treatment of obesity.
Topics: Adult; Bacteria; Bacteroidetes; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Microbiota; Obesity
PubMed: 32231226
DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-0607-6 -
Acta Clinica Belgica Aug 2021: Lemierre's syndrome is a septic thromboembolic complication of an oropharyngeal or neck infection, primarily caused by Fusobacterium species. Although it usually...
: Lemierre's syndrome is a septic thromboembolic complication of an oropharyngeal or neck infection, primarily caused by Fusobacterium species. Although it usually affects young healthy patients, some case reports describe this syndrome in older population.: A case report and a systematic review of the literature were conducted to investigate the late onset of Lemierre's syndrome. Forty-one articles were selected for the qualitative analysis, 39 for the quantitative analysis.: The average age of the study population was 52 years old. Diabetes mellitus and upper gastro-intestinal malignancy, common comorbidities in the study population, might play a role in the development of late-onset Lemierre's syndrome. Empiric antibiotic treatment should cover Fusobacterium and Streptococcus species both, which may cooperate to induce purulent disease. Reported unfavourable outcome was more than expected.: Lemierre's syndrome in adulthood may differ from the usual version. This disease may further pass unrecognized, if presented out of the expected age range. Nevertheless, early diagnosis and prompt treatment are a requisite to prevent morbidity and mortality, which may be higher in this older population.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Fusobacterium necrophorum; Humans; Lemierre Syndrome; Middle Aged
PubMed: 32116143
DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2020.1731661 -
Archives of Oral Biology Apr 2020This systematic review aimed to analyse: a) the presence and the abundance of Fusobacterium; b) the Fusobacterium species most often found, and c) the most common... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
AIMS
This systematic review aimed to analyse: a) the presence and the abundance of Fusobacterium; b) the Fusobacterium species most often found, and c) the most common methods used for their identification in oral/head and neck cancer samples.
DESIGN
A protocol was registered on PROSPERO database. This review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Literature search was performed on five electronic biomedical databases, namely Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane from their start dates to 30 August 2018. Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility for inclusion; extracted the data; and evaluated the risk of bias.
RESULTS
From 118 unique abstract records, 88 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 17 publications were included in this review. Meta-analysis showed an increased prevalence of 6 % (95 % CI, 3-9) of Fusobacterium in tumour lesions than in non-tumour lesions (Fusobacterium prevalence of 16 % in tumour lesions and of 10 % in non-tumour lesions), and a 2.93 higher chance of Fusobacterium being present in tumour lesions (95 % CI, 1.47-5.81). The most common detection methods were based on molecular evidence (64.70 %) (95 % CI, 37.7-84.7). F. nucleatum was the most prevalent species (47.06 %) (95 % CI, 23.5-72).
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, Fusobacterium is present and in higher abundance in oral/head and neck cancer samples when compared to non-cancer samples, suggesting that Fusobacterium may contribute to oral/head and neck cancer development.
Topics: Fusobacterium; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans
PubMed: 32028171
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104669 -
APMIS : Acta Pathologica,... Feb 2020The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the association between gut microbiota and prognosis after colorectal cancer surgery. The review was... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the association between gut microbiota and prognosis after colorectal cancer surgery. The review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. Studies examining the association between gut microbiota and survival after colorectal cancer surgery were identified. Secondary outcomes were association with cancer stage and immune infiltration of tumor. A total of 27 studies were included in the review. Fusobacterium nucleatum was the most frequently examined bacterium, and the meta-analysis showed that high level of F. nucleatum was significantly associated with decreased overall survival, hazard ratio of 1.63 (95% confidence interval 1.23-2.16) for unadjusted data, and hazard ratio of 1.47 (95% confidence interval 1.08-1.98) for adjusted data. Association between higher tumor stage and F. nucleatum was reported in ten studies, and two studies found an association with unfavorable tumor infiltration of immune cells. Three out of five studies examining Bacteroides fragilis found an association with decreased survival, advanced tumor stage, or unfavorable immune infiltration of tumor. High levels of F. nucleatum and possibly B. fragilis were associated with worse prognosis after surgery for colorectal cancer.
Topics: Animals; Bacteroides Infections; Bacteroides fragilis; Colorectal Neoplasms; Fusobacterium Infections; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis
PubMed: 32017196
DOI: 10.1111/apm.13032 -
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &... Mar 2020The gut microbiome, in particular , has been reported to play a role in colorectal cancer development and in patient prognosis. We aimed to perform a systematic review... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The gut microbiome, in particular , has been reported to play a role in colorectal cancer development and in patient prognosis. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies to assess the prevalence of in colorectal tumors and evaluate the association between and colorectal cancer development and prognosis.
METHODS
MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for studies published until January 2019. Random effects meta-analyses were used to assess the prevalence of in patients with colorectal cancer or tissues relative to controls and survival in -positive versus -negative patients.
RESULTS
Forty-five relevant articles were identified. Meta-analyses indicated higher odds of being present in colorectal tissue samples from patients with colorectal cancer [ = 6 studies, pooled OR = 10.06; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 4.48-22.58] and individuals with colorectal polyps ( = 5 studies, pooled OR = 1.83; 95% CI, 1.07-3.16) compared with healthy controls. Similar results were apparent in fecal samples, and when comparing tumor with adjacent normal tissue. Meta-analyses indicated poorer survival in patients with colorectal cancer with high versus low abundance ( = 5 studies, pooled HR = 1.87; 95% CI, 1.12-3.11).
CONCLUSIONS
A consistent increase in the prevalence and/or abundance of in colorectal cancer tissue and fecal samples compared with controls was apparent. High abundance of in colorectal tumors was also associated with poorer overall survival.
IMPACT
could be useful as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for colorectal cancer or as a treatment target.
Topics: Colon; Colorectal Neoplasms; Disease-Free Survival; Feces; Fusobacterium Infections; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Prognosis; Rectum; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors
PubMed: 31915144
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-18-1295 -
United European Gastroenterology Journal Oct 2019Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and chronic rheumatic diseases (CRDs) are systemic chronic disorders sharing common genetic, immune and environmental factors. About... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
INTRODUCTION
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and chronic rheumatic diseases (CRDs) are systemic chronic disorders sharing common genetic, immune and environmental factors. About half of patients with IBD develop rheumatic ailments and microscopic intestinal inflammation is present in up to half of CRD patients. IBD and CRD patients also share a common therapeutic armamentarium. Disequilibrium in the complex realm of microbes (known as dysbiosis) that closely interact with the gut mucosal immune system has been associated with both IBD and CRD (spondyloarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis). Whether dysbiosis represents an epiphenomenon or a prodromal feature remains to be determined.
METHODS
In an attempt to further investigate whether specific gut dysbiosis may be the missing link between IBD and CRD in patients developing both diseases, we performed here a systematic literature review focusing on studies looking at bacterial microbiota in CRD and/or IBD patients.
RESULTS
We included 80 studies, with a total of 3799 IBD patients without arthritis, 1084 CRD patients without IBD, 132 IBD patients with arthropathy manifestations and 12 spondyloarthritis patients with IBD history. Overall, this systematic review indicates that an increase in s, and genera, as well as a decrease in genera and species belonging to Verrucomicrobia and Fusobacteria phyla are common features in IBD and CRD patients, whereas dozens of bacterial species are specific features of CRD and IBD.
CONCLUSION
Further work is needed to understand the functions of bacteria and of their metabolites but also to characterize fungi and viruses that are commonly found in these patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Chronic Disease; Dysbiosis; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Male; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Rheumatic Diseases; Young Adult
PubMed: 31662859
DOI: 10.1177/2050640619867555