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European Journal of Clinical... May 2020The aim of this study was to conduct a bibliographic survey and correlates the presence of arboviroses in the eyeball with the main eye changes presented by the...
The aim of this study was to conduct a bibliographic survey and correlates the presence of arboviroses in the eyeball with the main eye changes presented by the population under study. This study is a systematic review of journals and indexed articles, carried out between January 2019 and June 2019, in which there was a query in the Pubmed/Medline and Scielo databases without temporal restriction. In addition to the aforementioned databases, the Brazilian Association of Organ Transplantation Association database, which provides epidemiological data on organ and tissue transplants in Brazil, was used as a research source. The Midwest region contributed to the increase in the number of organ transplants in Brazil. The number of corneal transplants in Brazil surpassed the number of organ transplants by four times. Several ophthalmic changes associated with Chikungunya, Dengue, and Zika virus infections have been diagnosed; however, few studies have identified the presence of the virus in the eyeball. Arboviruses are of great relevance to public health due to a number of factors, ranging from the diversity of infectious agents involved and the plurality of clinical manifestations because the absence of efficient laboratory support, leading to delayed disease confirmation due to lack of differential diagnostics available. Added to these difficulties is the lack of specific therapy, leaving only the symptomatic control of clinical manifestations as the only treatment option. However, the manifestations are directly associated with the decreased quality of vision and consequently the quality of life of patients.
Topics: Aqueous Humor; Arbovirus Infections; Arboviruses; Brazil; Chikungunya virus; Corneal Transplantation; Dengue Virus; Eye; Humans; Public Health; Vitreous Body; Zika Virus
PubMed: 31863236
DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03792-9 -
Forensic Science International Jan 2020Body fluid analysis has played a crucial role in ascertaining various characteristics and has greatly aided in reconstructing events during crime scene investigation. It...
Body fluid analysis has played a crucial role in ascertaining various characteristics and has greatly aided in reconstructing events during crime scene investigation. It is often presumed that crimes that involve violence and mental disturbances such as murder or sexual assault provide good sources of body fluids such as blood, saliva, semen, vaginal secretions, urine and tears. Tears are secreted in response to any emotional or stressful situations and may be found deposited on surfaces such as bedding, tissue paper or cloth. In the absence of the commonly noted body fluids such as blood or saliva, tears can play an important role that can lead to personal identification by examining the biochemistry and molecular aspects to obtain a full DNA profile. Additionally, identification of an individual may be done by carefully observing certain unique eye characteristics such as heterochromia which is highly individualistic. Characteristics of eyewear such as spectacles and contact lenses have unique properties and prescription criteria for correcting an individual's eyesight that can provide vital clues in understanding the visual ability of an individual. In crime scene investigation, the presence or absence of eyewear provides immense evidentiary value that has greatly aided in solving cases such as Janet Abaroa's Murder. This paper provides a systematic review of the possibility of using tears and eyewear for the purpose of forensic investigation and to statistically support the inferences with prescription databases which may be initiated across different populations. Forensic Optometry is yet to get streamlined along with the routinely followed investigative techniques and scientifically explored although no standard protocols exist to analyse eyewear. The use of behavioural optometry is gaining attention in the context of driving laws of different countries and is a simple but powerful indicator of abnormal behaviour. It is speculated that the last seen image referred to as an 'Optogram' of an individual may be captured in the retina since our eyes functions like a camera. Although this claim is considerably unexplored, it is quite possible that the last seen image of a criminal, objects or a place may be noted that can positively help in linking individuals at the scene of crime or identify the primary crime location. In this review, the potential for new insights into the analysis of tears, eye and eyewear characteristics have been explored.
Topics: Contact Lenses; DNA; DNA Fingerprinting; Databases, Factual; Epithelium, Corneal; Eye; Eye Movements; Eyeglasses; Forensic Sciences; Humans; Postmortem Changes; Prescriptions; Specimen Handling; Substance-Related Disorders; Tears; Vitreous Body
PubMed: 31785512
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.110055