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Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Jun 2024To describe the current distribution of daily physical activity time among elementary and junior high school students in Beijing, and to analyze the influencing factors...
OBJECTIVE
To describe the current distribution of daily physical activity time among elementary and junior high school students in Beijing, and to analyze the influencing factors and pathways at the individual, family, school and community levels.
METHODS
Data were drawn upon from a cross-sectional investigation in Beijing in 2023, and a total of 3 157 elementary and junior high school students were included in the final analysis. Questionnaire was used to collect data on basic characteristics, overall and in-school physical activity time per day, the number of sports mastered, perceived physical activity benefits and barriers scales, perceived family, school, and community physical activity supportive environment scales. Log-binomial regression model was used to analyze the associations between physical activity time and influencing factors, and structural equation modeling was used for the path analysis of the influencing factors.
RESULTS
The reported rates of ≥2 hours of overall physical activity per day and ≥1 hour of physical activity in school per day among elementary and junior high school students in Beijing in 2023 were 33.1% and 64.8%, respectively. The associations between the number of sports mastered by students and the reported rate of ≥2 hours of overall physical activity per day showed a typical dose-response relationship (-<0.001). The perceived physical activity benefits-to-barriers ratio (=1.24, 95%: 1.20-1.28), scores of perceived family, school, and community physical acti-vity supportive environment scales were all positively associated with the reported rate of ≥2 hours of overall physical activity per day (=1.51, 95%: 1.38-1.66; =1.50, 95%: 1.37-1.64; =1.21, 95%: 1.16-1.27). The structural equation modeling showed that the number of sports mastered by the students (=0.11, <0.001), perceived physical activity benefits-to-barriers ratios (=0.15, <0.001), and scores of supportive environment scales consisting of family, school, and community (=0.13, <0.001) were associated with the reported rates of ≥2 hours of overall physical activity per day directly. In addition, the scores of supportive environment scales could indirectly influence the reported rates of ≥2 hours of overall physical activity per day by influencing the number of sports mastered by the students (=0.21, <0.001) and the perceived physical activity benefits-to-barriers ratio (=0.56, <0.001), while the number of sports mastered by the students could indirectly influence the reported rates of ≥2 hours of overall physical activity per day by influencing the perceived physical activity benefits-to-barriers ratios (=0.05, =0.003). The influencing factors and pathways of the reported rates of ≥1 hour of physical activity in school per day were similar with those of the reported rates of ≥2 hours of overall physical activity per day described above.
CONCLUSION
The daily physical activity time among elementary and junior high school students in Beijing in 2023 fell short of meeting the national requirement. There was a need to build a supportive environment consisting of family, school, and community for physical activity, to promote the students ' sports skills, to establish the idea of independent physical activity, and to ensure that primary and secondary school students were given one hour of physical activity time every day, both inside and outside the school.
Topics: Humans; Students; Adolescent; Cross-Sectional Studies; Beijing; Schools; Exercise; Male; Female; Surveys and Questionnaires; Child; Sports; China
PubMed: 38864124
DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2024.03.005 -
Journal of Diabetes Science and... Jun 2024The use of insulin pumps (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion [CSII]) in individuals living with type 1 diabetes (T1D) improves disease control. However, adverse...
Insulin Pump Therapy and Adverse Skin Reactions With Focus on Allergic Contact Dermatitis in Individuals Living With Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Clinical-Based Update.
BACKGROUND
The use of insulin pumps (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion [CSII]) in individuals living with type 1 diabetes (T1D) improves disease control. However, adverse skin reactions may hamper compliance. We aimed to assess the relationship of insulin pumps, particularly that of infusion set therapy, used in children and adults with T1D and dermatitis including allergic contact dermatitis (ACD).
METHODS
A systematic search of PubMed, and EMBASE, of full-text studies reporting dermatitis in persons with diabetes using a CSII was conducted from 2020 to 2023. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess study quality. The inventory performed at the Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö, Sweden (YMDA) was also performed highlighting the diagnostic process.
RESULTS
Among the 391 screened abstracts, 21 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Seven studies included data on children only, four studies were on adults, and nine studies reported data on both children and adults. Participants were exposed to a broad range of pumps. Dermatitis was rarely specified. Up to 60% of those referred to a university hospital due to skin reactions possibly related to insulin pumps had an ACD.
CONCLUSIONS
The review and our findings indicate that there is not sufficient focus on contact allergy in the primary toxicological evaluations of substances used also for insulin pump therapy products and that possible adverse skin reactions are not correctly followed up in the clinical setting.
PubMed: 38853748
DOI: 10.1177/19322968241252613 -
Sante Publique (Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy,... 2024At the last congress of the Association Dentaire Française (ADF) (French Dental Association), the minister of health and prevention, François Braun, stressed...
At the last congress of the Association Dentaire Française (ADF) (French Dental Association), the minister of health and prevention, François Braun, stressed the importance he attached to oral health prevention. He also emphasized his desire to roll out and extend prevention campaigns, targeting young people in particular. With this in mind, we are working to lay the political foundations for the mass, free distribution of single-use toothbrushes with fluoride toothpaste in schools. This oral health promotion campaign would aim to debunk any myths or misinformation spread by manufacturers and to encourage a profound cultural change in the way children and their parents learn about oral hygiene. The "cavity-score," which is still under development, could help to reinforce the idea, both among the general public and among healthcare professionals, that oral health is not isolated from the rest of the body, and that this health issue cannot be dealt with in isolation, but in conjunction with all healthcare professionals.
Topics: Humans; Oral Health; Child; Health Promotion; France; Oral Hygiene
PubMed: 38834529
DOI: 10.3917/spub.242.0091 -
South African Family Practice :... May 2024No abstract available.
No abstract available.
Topics: Humans; Suicide, Assisted; Euthanasia
PubMed: 38832383
DOI: 10.4102/safp.v66i1.5948 -
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi = Zhongguo... May 2024Nontraumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head(NANFH) is a common and refractory femoral head disease that causes bone death due to interruption of blood supply.... (Review)
Review
[Research progress on mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine intervention in angiogenesis in prevention and treatment of nontraumatic avascular necrosis of femoral head].
Nontraumatic avascular necrosis of the femoral head(NANFH) is a common and refractory femoral head disease that causes bone death due to interruption of blood supply. Early clinical symptoms are atypical, such as hip pain and limited joint function. In the late stage, severe pain, shortening of the affected limb, claudication, and other serious symptoms are common, which se-riously affects the quality of life of patients. Therefore, it is of great significance to actively improve the clinical symptoms of NANFH to enhance the quality of life of patients. The pathogenesis of NANFH is complex, such as traumatic vascular circulatory disorders, the use of hormones or other drugs, alcoholism, and diabetes mellitus. These factors directly or indirectly lead to femoral head vascular damage, thrombosis, and coagulation system disorders, which reduce the blood supply to the acetabulum and femoral head, thus causing ischaemic death of the femoral head or even femoral head collapse. NANFH is mainly categorized as "bone impotence" and "bone paralysis" in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). The treatment of NANFH with TCM has the characteristics and advantages of a long history, stable and reliable therapeutic effect, fewer adverse reactions, good patient tolerance, and high acceptance. Previous studies have shown that the promotion of angiogenesis is a key initiative in the prevention and treatment of NANFH, and TCM can promote fe-moral head angiogenesis by interfering with the expression of angiogenesis-related factors, which in turn can help to restore the blood supply of the femoral head and thus improve clinical symptoms of NANFH and prevent and treat NANFH. This article described the roles of blood supply interruption and angiogenesis in NANFH and the accumulated knowledge and experience of TCM in NANFH and summarized the role of angiogenesis-related factors in NANFH and the research progress on TCM intervention, so as to provide an idea for the subsequent research and a new basis for the clinical application of TCM in the treatment of NANFH.
Topics: Humans; Femur Head Necrosis; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Animals; Femur Head; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Angiogenesis
PubMed: 38812162
DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20240220.601 -
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi = Zhongguo... May 2024Based on the association network of "drug pair-disease", the effect characteristics of Astragali Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma drug pair in the treatment of...
Based on the association network of "drug pair-disease", the effect characteristics of Astragali Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma drug pair in the treatment of ischemic stroke(IS) with Qi deficiency and blood stasis and the matching mechanism of the two were explored. Through Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP) and SwissTargetPrediction Database, the effective chemical components of the drug pair were screened, and the candidate targets were predicted. Databa-ses such as GeneCards, DrugBank, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM), and Therapeutic Target Database(TTD) were searched to obtain gene targets related to IS. Through STRING and Cytoscape 3.9.1 software, the protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was constructed by using the interaction information of disease syndrome-related genes and candidate targets of drug pairs, and the core targets were screened according to the network topological feature values. Based on the Metascape platform and DAVID database, the biomolecular interaction information was integrated to analyze the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) and mine biological functions, so as to further explore the mechanism of action and compatibility characteristics of Astragali Radix-Chuan-xiong Rhizoma. The results showed that the candidate biological process was mainly involved in the regulation of functional modules such as immune, blood circulation, neurotransmitter, and oxidative stress, and it was enriched in lipid and atherosclerosis, calcium signaling pathway, and platelet activation. Astragali Radix and Chuanxiong Rhizoma have their own characteristics. Astragali Radix has a regulatory response to growth factors while maintaining the body's immune balance, while Chuanxiong Rhizoma mainly improves the circulatory system and participates in hormone metabolism, so as to indicate the compatibility mechanism of Astragali Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma drug pair for multi-target and multi-pathway synergistic treatment of IS. Through further experimental verification, it was found that the Astragali Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma drug pair could significantly down-regulate the expression of key targets including TLR4, NF-κB, IL-1β, F2R, PLCβ1, and MYLK. This study preliminarily reveals that the Astragali Radix-Chuanxiong Rhizoma drug pair may play the three replenishing effects of promoting blood circulation, benefiting Qi, and clearing collaterals by correcting immune di-sorders, blood circulation disorders, and inflammation, which provide support for the clinical research on the subsequent improvement of Qi deficiency and blood stasis in the treatment of IS and provide a new idea for the analysis of modern biological connotation of the compatibility of seven emotions of traditional Chinese medicine.
Topics: Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Humans; Astragalus propinquus; Protein Interaction Maps; Ischemic Stroke; Rhizome; Ligusticum
PubMed: 38812133
DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20231225.402 -
Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde May 2024Many doctors regularly write a prescription for themselves or for family members or friends. In this article, we discuss the legal and ethical considerations surrounding...
Many doctors regularly write a prescription for themselves or for family members or friends. In this article, we discuss the legal and ethical considerations surrounding these prescriptions. We also discuss the role of the pharmacist who receives the prescription. Although there is no legal obstacle, codes of conduct and guidelines state that prescribing to acquaintances or yourself is undesirable, especially because it is often not possible to maintain sufficient professional distance, necessary to provide proper treatment. If the GP or other care providers have no knowledge of the prescription and no medical file is kept, undesirable situations may arise for the patient. A prescription for yourself or acquaintances can be made occasionally and under special circumstances (acute situation, no serious problem, short-term), but then requires a quick transfer of treatment to regular practitioners.
Topics: Humans; Drug Prescriptions; Pharmacists; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Netherlands
PubMed: 38804995
DOI: No ID Found -
Revue de L'infirmiere May 2024The first home visit (VAD) by a nurse from the medical-psychological center (CMP) for a patient who has been out of psychiatric care for a very long time, or who has... (Review)
Review
The first home visit (VAD) by a nurse from the medical-psychological center (CMP) for a patient who has been out of psychiatric care for a very long time, or who has never benefited from it, is decisive for the follow-up and continuity of care. The attitude and posture of the caregiver are decisive. VAD is an intrusion into a place of life, intimacy and suffering. It upsets a person who has walled himself into a shell, a cocoon, from which the fear of coming out is often massive. Anguish prevents any mobilization towards care. It takes a great deal of skill to create a bond of trust to initiate the idea of care.
Topics: Humans; House Calls; Mental Disorders; Continuity of Patient Care
PubMed: 38796243
DOI: 10.1016/j.revinf.2024.04.011 -
Revista Espanola de Salud Publica May 2024This study addressed a COVID-19 outbreak in a nursing home, where the residents were vaccinated with two doses of Comirnaty® and thirty of them had previously had the...
[Brote de la COVID-19 en una residencia en ancianos correctamente vacunados. Influencia de la inmunidad híbrida en la carga viral, el riesgo de infección y el riesgo de progresión de la enfermedad].
OBJECTIVE
This study addressed a COVID-19 outbreak in a nursing home, where the residents were vaccinated with two doses of Comirnaty® and thirty of them had previously had the infection. Outbreaks in closed communities are opportunities to study the entire clinical spectrum of the disease and, as in this case, the effect of hybrid immunity on transmission, infection progression and viral load.
METHODS
A descriptive and retrospective cohort study in the resident population was carried out. Attack rates were calculated for one of four stages of the disease: infection, symptomatic infection, hospitalization, and death. Relative risks (RR) were then estimated using simple and multivariate Poisson regression for each of these stages.
RESULTS
The attack rate was 59% (56/95). The clinical spectrum was the same in both sexes. There was a notable protective effect of hybrid immunity against transmission (67%). In terms of progression, those with hybrid immunity had a lower risk of symptomatic infection. Nasopharyngeal viral load was significantly lower in individuals with hybrid immunity and asymptomatic individuals, supporting the idea of lower transmissibility in this group. Age was identified as a risk factor for disease progression. Molecular analysis identified the Delta B.1.617.2 variant in the patients and an air sample, supporting aerosol transmission in closed, poorly ventilated environments.
CONCLUSIONS
This study provides a comprehensive view of an outbreak in a vaccinated nursing home, highlighting the importance of hybrid immunity. The results support the individual consideration of previous infection history when assessing the risk of COVID-19, contributing to the understanding of the evolution of the pandemic in the future.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Male; Female; Retrospective Studies; Aged; Nursing Homes; Aged, 80 and over; Spain; Middle Aged; BNT162 Vaccine; SARS-CoV-2; Viral Load; Cohort Studies; COVID-19 Vaccines; Disease Outbreaks; Hospitalization
PubMed: 38785412
DOI: No ID Found -
Neural Computation Jun 2024Mean-field models are a class of models used in computational neuroscience to study the behavior of large populations of neurons. These models are based on the idea of...
Mean-field models are a class of models used in computational neuroscience to study the behavior of large populations of neurons. These models are based on the idea of representing the activity of a large number of neurons as the average behavior of mean-field variables. This abstraction allows the study of large-scale neural dynamics in a computationally efficient and mathematically tractable manner. One of these methods, based on a semianalytical approach, has previously been applied to different types of single-neuron models, but never to models based on a quadratic form. In this work, we adapted this method to quadratic integrate-and-fire neuron models with adaptation and conductance-based synaptic interactions. We validated the mean-field model by comparing it to the spiking network model. This mean-field model should be useful to model large-scale activity based on quadratic neurons interacting with conductance-based synapses.
Topics: Neurons; Models, Neurological; Action Potentials; Neural Networks, Computer; Synapses; Humans; Animals; Computer Simulation; Nerve Net
PubMed: 38776953
DOI: 10.1162/neco_a_01670