-
BMC Infectious Diseases Mar 2022Actinomycosis is an uncommon endogenous bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces species, characterized by the development of abscesses, tissue fibrosis, and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Actinomycosis is an uncommon endogenous bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces species, characterized by the development of abscesses, tissue fibrosis, and fistulisation. It remains a diagnostic challenge, due to its similarities with diverse aetiologies' presentation, such as neoplasms, tuberculosis, or fungal infections. Actinomyces bovis is a microorganism rarely reported as a cause of human disease. Cutaneous involvement is sporadic. In this case, Actinomyces bovis was responsible for disseminated cutaneous disease in an immunosuppressed patient.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report the case of a 69-year-old female with multiple skin masses, under immunosuppressive therapy due to ulcerative colitis. Imaging exams were compatible with multiple cutaneous abscesses in the cervicofacial region and limbs. Actinomyces bovis was isolated in culture after abscess drainage. Antimicrobial therapy with parenteral penicillin G and oral amoxicillin was administered for 6 months, with complete resolution of cutaneous lesions and no relapse of the infection.
CONCLUSIONS
Considering actinomycosis as a possible diagnosis in the presence of subacute/chronic recurrent mass-like cutaneous lesions, especially in the setting of immunosuppression, may reduce the burden associated with delayed diagnosis and incorrect treatment and provide better outcomes and improvement of patient's quality of life.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Aged; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Quality of Life
PubMed: 35351021
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07282-w -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jul 2021Six novel strains (ZJ34, ZJ561, ZJ750, ZJ1629, zg-993 and zg-987) isolated from faeces and respiratory tracts of from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of PR China were...
Six novel strains (ZJ34, ZJ561, ZJ750, ZJ1629, zg-993 and zg-987) isolated from faeces and respiratory tracts of from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of PR China were characterized comprehensively. The results of analyses of the 16S rRNA gene and genome sequences indicated that the six strains represent three novel species of the genus , and are closely related to DSM 15434 (16S rRNA gene sequences similarities, 94.9-98.7 %), CCUG 61299 (95.6-96.6 %), CCTCC AB2010168 (95.7 %) and DSM 15435 (95.2-96.4 %), with values of digital DNA-DNA hybridization less than 30.1 % when compared with their closest relatives but higher than 70 % within each pair of novel strains (ZJ34/ZJ561, ZJ750/ZJ1629 and zg-993/zg-987). All the novel strains had C 9 and C as the two most abundant major fatty acids. MK-9(H) or MK-8(H) was the sole or predominant respiratory quinone of strains ZJ34, ZJ750 and zg-993 and their polar lipid profiles differed, but all had diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidyl inositol mannoside as major components. ZJ750 shared identical peptidoglycan amino acid profile with ZJ34 (alanine, glutamic acid, lysine and ornithine) and the same whole-cell sugar composition with zg-993 (glucose, rhamnose and ribose). Strain zg-993 contained alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine and lysine in the peptidoglycan, and the only sugar in ZJ34 was ribose. The DNA G+C contents of the novel strains were within the range of 65.8-70.1 mol%. On the basis of the results from the aforementioned analyses, the six novel strains were classified as representing three novel species of genus , for which the names sp. nov. [type strain ZJ34 (=GDMCC 1.1952=JCM 34355)] sp. nov. [type strain ZJ750 (=GDMCC 1.1950=JCM 34356)] and sp. nov. [type strain zg-993 (=GDMCC 1.1956=JCM 34357)] were proposed, respectively.
Topics: Actinomyces; Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Marmota; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Tibet
PubMed: 34252022
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004875 -
BMC Veterinary Research Jan 2021Mandibular masses caused by inflammatory processes due to bacterial infections, most common with Actinomyces bovis, are well known in herbivors. This case represents a...
BACKGROUND
Mandibular masses caused by inflammatory processes due to bacterial infections, most common with Actinomyces bovis, are well known in herbivors. This case represents a rare differential diagnosis to common inflammatory processes which cannot be distinguished from neoplasia without detailed histopathological examination.
CASE PRESENTATION
A large unilateral mandibular mass of a free-ranging female adult red deer (Cervus elaphus elaphus) was submitted for pathological examination. The animal had been shot due to its poor body condition. Grossly, the mandibular mass showed gingival ulceration and necrosis. Histologically, irregular strands and islands of odontogenic epithelial cells and a matrix of dentin and osteoid-like material were found, leading to the diagnosis of an odontogenic tumor. Considering the animal's age the tumor was classified as odontoameloblastoma with secondary chronic purulent osteomyelitis.
CONCLUSIONS
Odontogenic tumors are rare in domestic and wildlife species and so far have not been reported in red deer. In addition to the more common inflammatory processes of the mandibula and other neoplastic diseases of the oral cavity, odontogenic tumors represent a rare differential diagnosis that must be kept in mind especially when masked by inflammatory lesions.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Deer; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Mandible; Mandibular Neoplasms; Odontogenic Tumors
PubMed: 33509193
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02759-3