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Ginekologia Polska 2023The study investigated the stem cell expression profiles and differentiation capacities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different tissues, specifically human...
OBJECTIVES
The study investigated the stem cell expression profiles and differentiation capacities of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different tissues, specifically human eutopic endometrium MSCs (eut-MSCs), ectopic endometrium MSCs (ect-MSCs), and umbilical cord MSCs (UC-MSCs). Our aim was to identify any similarities in subpopulations among these MSCs and lay a foundation for MSCs repair.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
MSCs were isolated from endometrial tissue (n = 5), endometriosis tissue (n = 6), and umbilical cords (n = 7). Flow cytometry was used to examine cell phenotype, and three lineage tests were conducted to evaluate the differentiation capacity of the MSCs.
RESULTS
Eut-MSCs expressed CD44 (98.00 ± 0.96%), CD73 (99.54 ± 0.02%), CD140b (99.16 ± 0.50%), CD146 (93.87 ± 2.27%), SUSD2 (50.76 ± 8.15%), and CD271 (2.1 ± 1.22%). Ect-MSCs expressed CD44 (98.23 ± 1.60%), CD73 (99.63 ± 0.04%), CD140b (98.13 ± 0.53%), CD146 (93.88 ± 3.19%), SUSD2 (49.33 ± 6.36%), and CD271 (2.85 ± 1.17%). UC-MSCs expressed CD44 (99.11 ± ± 0.42%), CD73 (99.65 ± 0.12%), CD140b (99.84 ± 0.42%), CD146 (88.09 ± 4.20%), SUSD2 (72.87 ± 7.13%), and CD271 (6.19 ± 2.08%). The expression of SUSD2 and CD271 in UC-MSCs was slightly but not significantly higher than that in ect-MSCs and eut-MSCs. However, CD44, CD73, CD140b, and CD146 showed similar expression levels in UC-MSCs, ect-MSCs, and eut-MSCs. All three types of MSCs demonstrated the capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings indicate that ect-MSCs, eut-MSCs, and UC-MSCs have similar stem cell phenotypes and the ability to differentiate into three lineages.
Topics: Female; Humans; CD146 Antigen; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Endometrium; Umbilical Cord; Adapalene; Cells, Cultured
PubMed: 37934895
DOI: 10.5603/gpl.93052 -
Clinical and Experimental Dermatology Mar 2024Acne vulgaris is a common skin problem that may result in significant scarring and systemic comorbidities. Adverse effects and increasing resistance to available... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Acne vulgaris is a common skin problem that may result in significant scarring and systemic comorbidities. Adverse effects and increasing resistance to available treatments urge the development of new therapeutics. Topical vitamin D analogues have been successfully used in psoriasis; however, the efficacy and safety of calcipotriol as a potential topical treatment of acne is yet to be established.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of calcipotriol in treating acne compared with adapalene and placebo.
METHODS
Sixty patients with acne were included and randomly divided into two groups of 30 patients each. Group I participants were treated by daily application of calcipotriol 0.005% cream on one facial side vs. placebo (petrolatum) over the other side. Group II were treated by daily application of adapalene 0.1% gel over one facial side vs. calcipotriol on the other. Therapeutic response was evaluated using the Japanese Acne Grading System (JAGS) and through photographic evaluation using Mean Improvement Score by Physician.
RESULTS
Adapalene-treated skin gave the greatest improvement and the highest patient satisfaction compared with skin treated with calcipotriol or placebo (P = 0.001). Nonetheless, the calcipotriol-treated side showed a significantly greater reduction in post-treatment JAGS score and much greater satisfaction than placebo. As treatment continued, improved tolerability to calcipotriol was noted, with comparable side-effects between the three study arms.
CONCLUSIONS
Calcipotriol seems to be a promising new safe topical therapeutic option for acne. However, adapalene is still superior in efficacy, tolerability and patient satisfaction.
Topics: Humans; Dermatologic Agents; Acne Vulgaris; Adapalene; Skin; Treatment Outcome; Gels; Calcitriol
PubMed: 37925677
DOI: 10.1093/ced/llad371 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Oct 2023
Topics: Humans; Adapalene; Acne Vulgaris; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Melanoma; Gels; Treatment Outcome; Dermatologic Agents
PubMed: 37876097
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.8438 -
The Journal of Dermatology Mar 2024
Topics: Humans; Adapalene; Nevus
PubMed: 37849387
DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.17008 -
Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy Nov 2023The aim was to evaluate the difference of the behavior between the commercially available generic adapalene gel and original product with Topical Classification System...
OBJECTIVE
The aim was to evaluate the difference of the behavior between the commercially available generic adapalene gel and original product with Topical Classification System (TCS), and to analyze the effect of changes of excipients on the release behavior.
SIGNIFICANCE
Establishing performance assays to understand the impact of formulation variables on the critical quality attributes (CQA) is critical for the quality assessment of semi-solid generic drug.
METHODS
release (IVR), permeation (IVP), viscosity, and pH measurement methods for adapalene gels were established and validated. The differences between generic adapalene gel from 7 companies and original products were evaluated by correlation analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA), and the relationship among 4 parameters was elucidated. The effect of excipients on the above variables was examined by univariate tests.
RESULTS
There were some differences between the gels of 5 of the 7 imitation enterprises and reference listed drug (RLD). There were varying degrees of correlation between viscosity, pH, the adapalene amount retained in skin and release rate. The result validated the key role of IVR, and identified that pH value, type of suspending agent, the amount of carbomer, etc. had certain effects on the release rate.
CONCLUSIONS
The factors mentioned above should be considered when developing and manufacturing generic adapalene gels, and the application of TCS in the evaluation of generic topical drugs was advanced. Additionally, our research revealed some discrepancies from USP<1724>, which could be valuable information for the revision.
Topics: Humans; Adapalene; Drugs, Generic; Excipients; Skin; Gels; Acne Vulgaris; Dermatologic Agents
PubMed: 37847563
DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2023.2271966 -
American Family Physician Oct 2023High-quality research on the safety and effectiveness of over-the-counter medications in pregnancy is limited. Physicians should explore nonpharmacologic treatments...
High-quality research on the safety and effectiveness of over-the-counter medications in pregnancy is limited. Physicians should explore nonpharmacologic treatments before recommending medication. For nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), H1 antihistamines, and ginger are safe and effective. Physicians can recommend calcium carbonate, H2 antihistamines, and proton pump inhibitors for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Osmotic laxatives, fiber preparations, and probiotics are safe and effective treatments for constipation. Many over-the-counter topical medications are safe in pregnancy due to low systemic absorption, but topical retinoids, such as adapalene, should be avoided. Hypertonic saline nasal rinse and antihistamines are safe, beneficial options for treating pregnancy-induced rhinitis, and intranasal corticosteroids have demonstrated benefit for chronic allergic rhinitis. The safety of acetaminophen for the treatment of headaches and low back pain during pregnancy has come into question with recent studies; therefore, judicious use is advised. Physicians should screen all pregnant patients for their risk of developing preeclampsia and initiate low-dose aspirin from 12 weeks' gestation until delivery for those at increased risk. Data are limited on the safety and effectiveness of herbal supplements during pregnancy.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Histamine Antagonists; Vomiting; Nausea; Rhinitis, Allergic; Administration, Intranasal; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 37843943
DOI: No ID Found -
Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology Dec 2023Breast cancer is a complex and diverse disease accounting for nearly 30% of all cancers diagnosed in females. But unfortunately, patients develop resistance to the... (Review)
Review
Breast cancer is a complex and diverse disease accounting for nearly 30% of all cancers diagnosed in females. But unfortunately, patients develop resistance to the existing chemotherapeutic regimen, resulting in approximately 90% treatment failure. With over half a million deaths annually, it is imperative to explore new therapeutic approaches to combat the disease. Within a breast tumor, a small sub-population of heterogeneous cells, with a unique ability of self-renew and differentiation and responsible for tumor formation, initiation, and recurrence are referred to as breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). These BCSCs have been identified as one of the main contributors to chemoresistance in breast cancer, making them an attractive target for developing novel therapeutic strategies. These cells exhibit surface biomarkers such as CD44, CD24, ALDH, CD133, and CD49f phenotypes. Higher expression of CD44 and ALDH activity has been associated with the formation of tumors in various cancers. Moreover, the abnormal regulation of signaling pathways, including Hedgehog, Notch, β-catenin, JAK/STAT, and P13K/AKT/mTOR, leads to the formation of cancer stem cells, resulting in the development of tumors. The growing drug resistance in BC is a significant challenge, highlighting the need for new therapeutic strategies to combat this dreadful disease. Retinoids, a large group of synthetic derivatives of vitamin A, have been studied as chemopreventive agents in clinical trials and have been shown to regulate various crucial biological functions including vision, development, inflammation, and metabolism. On a cellular level, the retinoid activity has been well characterized and translated and is known to induce differentiation and apoptosis, which play important roles in the outcome of the transformation of tissues into malignant. Retinoids have been investigated extensively for their use in the treatment and prevention of cancer due to their high receptor-binding affinity to directly modulate gene expression programs. Therefore, in this study, we aim to summarize the current understanding of BCSCs, their biomarkers, and the associated signaling pathways. Retinoids, such as Adapalene, a third-generation retinoid, have shown promising anti-cancer potential and may serve as therapeutic agents to target BCSCs.
Topics: Female; Humans; Breast Neoplasms; Retinoids; Breast; Biomarkers; Neoplastic Stem Cells
PubMed: 37827439
DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104156 -
Cutis Aug 2023A range of treatment options are available for both mild to moderate and moderate to severe acne, and these options vary widely in their clinical uses, effectiveness,... (Review)
Review
A range of treatment options are available for both mild to moderate and moderate to severe acne, and these options vary widely in their clinical uses, effectiveness, and costs. With the continued rise of dermatologic drug prices and increased cost-sharing due to high-deductible health plans, the importance of cost-effective treatment continues to grow. Failure to consider cost-effective, patient-centered care may lead to increased financial toxicity, reduced adherence, and ultimately worse outcomes and patient satisfaction. Combination topical products offer improved efficacy and convenience, which are associated with better adherence and outcomes. Generic fixed-dose adapalene-benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and fixed-dose clindamycin-BPO can be highly cost-effective options for patients with mild to moderate acne. Hormonal agents such as combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and spironolactone are inexpensive and likely reflect a highly cost-effective option that could reduce reliance on oral antibiotics in patients with moderate to severe acne. Doxycycline and isotretinoin also are cost-effective options for more severe acne. Frequent laboratory monitoring for spironolactone and isotretinoin continues to be prevalent despite little evidence to support its clinical utility, and it is associated with a major cost burden to the patient and health care system. The reduction of laboratory monitoring is an opportunity to provide higher-value care.
Topics: Humans; Dermatologic Agents; Benzoyl Peroxide; Isotretinoin; Adapalene; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Spironolactone; Drug Combinations; Acne Vulgaris; Treatment Outcome; Gels
PubMed: 37820334
DOI: 10.12788/cutis.0844 -
Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark... Sep 2023Currently, there remains an incomplete view of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in solid tumours.
BACKGROUND
Currently, there remains an incomplete view of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in solid tumours.
METHODS
We studied a panel of putative CSC surface markers (ALDH1A1, ABCG2, CD44v7/8, CD44v10, CD133, CD271, and Nestin) in 40 established melanoma cell lines and four early-passage melanoma strains by flow cytometry. We additionally examined 40 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded melanoma tissues using immunofluorescence microscopy. This was compared with their expression in healthy skin, normal differentiated melanocytes and fibroblasts.
RESULTS
Most of the putative CSC markers were expressed by both melanoma cell lines and tissues. When present, these proteins were expressed by the majority of cells in the population. However, the expression of these markers by cells in healthy skin sections, normal differentiated melanocytes, and fibroblasts revealed that differentiated non-malignant cells also expressed CSC markers indicating that they lack of specificity for CSCs. Culturing cell lines under conditions more characteristic of the tumour microenvironment upregulated CSC marker expressions in a proportion of cell lines, which correlated with improved cell growth and viability.
CONCLUSIONS
The testing of melanoma cell lines (n = 40), early-passage cell strains (n = 4), and melanoma tissues (n = 40) showed that several putative CSC markers (ALDH1A1, ABCG2, CD44v7/8, CD44v10, CD133, CD271, and Nestin) are commonly present in a large proportion of melanoma cells and . Further, we showed that these putative markers lack specificity for CSCs because they are also expressed in differentiated non-malignant cell types (melanocytes, fibroblasts, and skin), which could limit their use as therapeutic targets. These data are consistent with the emerging notion of CSC plasticity and phenotype switching within cancer cell populations.
Topics: Humans; Nestin; Biomarkers, Tumor; Antigens, CD; Melanoma; Cell Line, Tumor; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Adapalene; AC133 Antigen; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 37796710
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2809193 -
ACS Nano Sep 2023Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB), potentially exacerbating nerve damage and emphasizing the criticality of preserving the BSCB...
Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB), potentially exacerbating nerve damage and emphasizing the criticality of preserving the BSCB integrity during SCI treatment. This study explores an alternative therapeutic approach for SCI by identifying a subpopulation of exosomes with stable BSCB function and achieving a specific targeted delivery. Specific subpopulations of CD146CD271 umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) were isolated, from which engineered exosomes (RGD-CD146CD271 UCMSC-Exos) with targeted neovascularization function were obtained through gene transfection. In vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to explore the targeting and therapeutic effects of RGD-CD146CD271 UCMSC-Exos and the potential mechanisms underlying BSCB stabilization and neural function recovery. The results demonstrated that RGD-CD146CD271 UCMSC-Exos exhibited physical and chemical properties similar to those of regular exosomes. Notably, following intranasal administration, RGD-CD146CD271 UCMSC-Exos exhibited enhanced aggregation at the SCI center and demonstrated the specific targeting of neovascular endothelial cells. In the SCI model, intranasal administration of RGD-CD146CD271 UCMSC-Exos reduced Evans blue dye leakage, increased tight junction protein expression, and improved neurological function recovery. In vitro testing revealed that RGD-CD146CD271 UCMSC-Exos treatment significantly reduced the permeability of bEnd.3 cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation, thereby restoring the integrity of tight junctions. Moreover, further exploration of the molecular mechanism underlying BSCB stabilization by CD146CD271 UCMSC-Exos identified the crucial role of the miR-501-5p/MLCK axis in this process. In conclusion, targeted delivery of RGD-CD146CD271 UCMSC-Exos presents a promising and effective treatment option for SCI.
Topics: Mice; Humans; Animals; CD146 Antigen; Endothelial Cells; Exosomes; Adapalene; Spinal Cord Injuries; Immunologic Factors; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Oligopeptides
PubMed: 37695238
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04423