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Biomedical Materials (Bristol, England) Jun 2024The multiphase bioactive socket plug is designed to overcome the natural healing process of the extraction socket by maintaining the three-dimensional (3D) volume of...
The multiphase bioactive socket plug is designed to overcome the natural healing process of the extraction socket by maintaining the three-dimensional (3D) volume of extraction sockets, particularly in sockets with wall defects, and later provide sufficient alveolar bone volume for implant placement. The study aimed to fabricate and evaluate the physical, mechanical, and biological performance of a multiphase bioactive socket plug in vitro. A multiphase bioactive socket plug was fabricated through freeze-drying and layer-by-layer assembly, comprised of a base serving as a scaffold, a central portion for promoting bone regeneration, an upper buccal portion for maintaining alveolar socket dimension with a covering collagen membrane (Memb) on the top and upper buccal surface to prevent soft tissue infiltration. The multiphase bioactive socket plug (BP) as the experimental group, and a pure collagen plug (CP) as a control group were investigated and compared in physicochemical and in vitro biological properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), radiograph and Energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) mapping confirmed the four-part BP was successfully assembled and fabricated. Swelling rate analysis indicated that BP, CP, and Memb reached swelling equilibrium within 1 hour. BP exhibited a high percentage of the remaining weight in collagenase solution (68.81 ± 2.21% on day 90) and sustained calcium ion release, reaching the maximum 0.13 ± 0.04 mmol/L on day 14. In biological assays, BP exhibited excellent cell proliferation (The OD value increased from 0.02 on day 1 to 0.23 on day 21.). The BP group exhibited higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and Osteocalcin (OCN) content compared to the CP group within 21 days. Memb and BP exhibited outstanding barrier function, as evidenced by Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. In summary, the multiphase bioactive socket plug represents a promising scaffold for alveolar ridge preservation application.
PubMed: 38917815
DOI: 10.1088/1748-605X/ad5ba7 -
Head and Neck Pathology Jun 2024Malakoplakia is a rare inflammatory disorder which typically occurs in immunocompromised patients secondary to impaired bactericidal activity of macrophages. While this... (Review)
Review
Malakoplakia is a rare inflammatory disorder which typically occurs in immunocompromised patients secondary to impaired bactericidal activity of macrophages. While this entity commonly arises in the genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts, lesions of the head and neck have been reported only rarely, with oral cavity involvement reported in 3 cases. The most common presentation of head and neck malakoplakia is that of a cutaneous flesh-colored papule or nodule. This case report, however, illustrates the first time malakoplakia is identified affecting the maxilla and maxillary alveolar ridge mucosa. Histochemical and immunohistochemical stains are presented and include positivity for PAS, von Kossa stain, iron stain, and CD68 and negativity for GMS and Gram stains, indicating an inability to demonstrate microbial infection. Thus, clinicians and pathologists alike should be aware of malakoplakia as a pathologic entity when forming differential diagnoses, particularly in immunosuppressed individuals.
Topics: Humans; Malacoplakia
PubMed: 38916759
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-024-01668-9 -
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and... Jun 2024We studied the effectiveness of Xe/O mixture inhalation (30% Xe and 70% O, 20 min for 5 days) in a model of experimental thromboplastin pneumonitis. Inhalation of the...
We studied the effectiveness of Xe/O mixture inhalation (30% Xe and 70% O, 20 min for 5 days) in a model of experimental thromboplastin pneumonitis. Inhalation of the studied mixture decreased the intensity of the inflammatory process in the lung tissue assessed by the temperature response of animals, changed lung weight and lung weight coefficient. At acute stage of pneumonitis, an increase in xenon consumption was recorded due to its retention in the gas exchange zone and a natural decrease in oxygen consumption due to partial alveolar/capillary block. The formation of pneumonitis was accompanied by a pronounced procoagulant shift in the regulation system of the aggregate state of blood. The Xe/O inhalations ensured physiologically optimal levels of prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin time against the background of a moderate decrease in fibrinogen level throughout the experiment. At the same time, the activity of the natural anticoagulant antithrombin III increased from day 5 to day 14.
PubMed: 38904932
DOI: 10.1007/s10517-024-06098-9 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024Protein kinases are indispensable reversible molecular switches that adapt and control protein functions during cellular processes requiring rapid responses to internal...
INTRODUCTION
Protein kinases are indispensable reversible molecular switches that adapt and control protein functions during cellular processes requiring rapid responses to internal and external events. Bacterial infections can affect kinase-mediated phosphorylation events, with consequences for both innate and adaptive immunity, through regulation of antigen presentation, pathogen recognition, cell invasiveness and phagocytosis. (), a human respiratory tract pathogen and a major cause of community-acquired pneumoniae, affects phosphorylation-based signalling of several kinases, but the pneumococcal mediator(s) involved in this process remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the influence of pneumococcal HO on the protein kinase activity of the human lung epithelial H441 cell line, a generally accepted model of alveolar epithelial cells.
METHODS
We performed kinome analysis using PamGene microarray chips and protein analysis in Western blotting in H441 lung cells infected with wild type () or with -a deletion mutant strongly attenuated in HO production- to assess the impact of pneumococcal hydrogen peroxide (HO) on global protein kinase activity profiles.
RESULTS
Our kinome analysis provides direct evidence that kinase activity profiles in infected H441 cells significantly vary according to the levels of pneumococcal HO. A large number of kinases in H441 cells infected with are significantly downregulated, whereas this no longer occurs in cells infected with the mutant strain, which lacks HO In particular, we describe for the first time HO-mediated downregulation of Protein kinase B (Akt1) and activation of lymphocyte-specific tyrosine protein kinase (Lck) via HO-mediated phosphorylation.
Topics: Streptococcus pneumoniae; Hydrogen Peroxide; Humans; Phosphorylation; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Cell Line; Protein Kinases; Pneumococcal Infections; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 38903521
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1414195 -
BioRxiv : the Preprint Server For... May 2024During pregnancy, mammary tissue undergoes expansion and differentiation, leading to lactation, a process regulated by the hormone prolactin through the JAK2-STAT5...
During pregnancy, mammary tissue undergoes expansion and differentiation, leading to lactation, a process regulated by the hormone prolactin through the JAK2-STAT5 pathway. STAT5 activation is key to successful lactation making the mammary gland an ideal experimental system to investigate the impact of human missense mutations on mammary tissue homeostasis. Here, we investigated the effects of two human variants in the STAT5B SH2 domain, which convert tyrosine 665 to either phenylalanine (Y665F) or histidine (Y665H), both shown to activate STAT5B in cell culture. We ported these mutations into the mouse genome and found distinct and divergent functions. Homozygous mice failed to form functional mammary tissue, leading to lactation failure, with impaired alveolar development and greatly reduced expression of key differentiation genes. STAT5B failed to recognize mammary enhancers and impeded STAT5A binding. In contrast, mice carrying the mutation exhibited abnormal precocious development, accompanied by an early activation of the mammary transcription program and the induction of otherwise silent genetic programs. Physiological adaptation was observed in mice as continued exposure to pregnancy hormones led to lactation. In summary, our findings highlight that human STAT5B variants can modulate their response to cytokines and thereby impact mammary homeostasis and lactation.
PubMed: 38903072
DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.06.592736 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Jun 2024to understand the morphological characteristics of iliac crest and provide advice and assistance for jaw bone reconstruction with iliac bone flap by evaluating the...
OBJECTIVES
to understand the morphological characteristics of iliac crest and provide advice and assistance for jaw bone reconstruction with iliac bone flap by evaluating the thickness and curvature of iliac crest.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
100 patients who had taken Spiral CT of the Abdominal region before surgeries between 2020 and 2022 were included in this study. 3D reconstruction images of the iliac bones were created. 5 vertical planes perpendicular to the iliac crest were made every 2 cm along the centerline of the iliac crest (VP2 ~ VP10). On these vertical planes, 4 perpendicular lines were made every 1 cm along the long axis of the iliac crest (D1 ~ D4). The thicknesses at these sites, horizontal angle (HA) of iliac crest and the distance between inflection point and the central point of anterior superior iliac spine (DIA) were measured.
RESULTS
The thickness of iliac bone decreased significantly from D1 ~ D4 on VP6 ~ VP10 and from VP2 ~ VP10 on D3 and D4 level (P<0.05). HA of iliac crests was 149.13 ± 6.92°, and DIA was 7.36 ± 1.01 cm. Iliac bone thickness, HA and DIA had very weak or weak correlation with patient's age, height and weight.
CONCLUSIONS
The average thicknesses of iliac crest were decreased approximately from front to back, from top to bottom. The thickness and curvature of the iliac crest were difficult to predict by age, height and weight.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Virtual surgical planning is recommended before jaw bone reconstruction surgery with iliac bone flap, and iliac crest process towards alveolar process might be a better choice.
Topics: Humans; Ilium; Female; Male; Middle Aged; Adult; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Tomography, Spiral Computed; Aged; Surgical Flaps; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Bone Transplantation
PubMed: 38902486
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05764-6 -
Cureus May 2024Enhancing the availability of bone in the vertical dimension for implant insertion is thought to be possible through implant site preparation using direct or indirect...
Prevalence, Location, and Variations of the Posterior Superior Alveolar Canal With Age and Gender in the Indian Population: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)-Based Retrospective Study.
BACKGROUND
Enhancing the availability of bone in the vertical dimension for implant insertion is thought to be possible through implant site preparation using direct or indirect sinus lift. The posterior superior alveolar (PSA) canal is extremely vulnerable to trauma during this procedure. The anatomy of this region should be thoroughly evaluated to prevent traumatizing this artery and eventual perioperative bleeding. Due to a lack of relevant knowledge and the clinical importance of this problem, the position, diameter, detectability, and proximity of this canal to the alveolar ridge were assessed on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans which were the main objectives of this study.
METHODOLOGY
A total of 240 CBCT scans were examined, and the position of the PSA canal, its diameter, the perpendicular distance from the inferior border of the PSA canal to the alveolar crest, and the perpendicular distance from the inferior border of the canal to the maxillary sinus floor was measured.
RESULTS
Intraosseous PSA canals were the most prevalent, followed by intrasinusal and extraosseous canals. Males had larger canal diameters and greater distances between the maxillary sinus floor and alveolar crest and the canal (< 0.05).
CONCLUSION
CBCT was proven to be a useful method for assessing and localizing the PSA artery to prevent intraoperative bleeding and further complications.
PubMed: 38899265
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60658 -
Journal of Applied Oral Science :... 2024This study aimed to validate the integrated correlation between the buccal bone and gingival thickness of the anterior maxilla, and to gain insight into the reference...
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to validate the integrated correlation between the buccal bone and gingival thickness of the anterior maxilla, and to gain insight into the reference plane selection when measuring these two tissues before treatment with implants.
METHODOLOGY
Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and model scans of 350 human subjects were registered in the coDiagnostiX software to obtain sagittal maxillary incisor sections. The buccal bone thickness was measured at the coronal (2, 4, and 6 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction [CEJ]) and apical (0, 2, and 4 mm coronal to the apex plane) regions. The buccal gingival thickness was measured at the supra-CEJ (0, 1mm coronal to the CEJ) and sub-CEJ regions (1, 2, 4, and 6 mm apical to the CEJ). Canonical correlation analysis was performed for intergroup correlation analysis and investigation of key parameters.
RESULTS
The mean thicknesses of the buccal bone and gingiva at different levels were 0.64~1.88 mm and 0.66~1.37 mm, respectively. There was a strong intergroup canonical correlation between the thickness of the buccal bone and that of the gingiva (r=0.837). The thickness of the buccal bone and gingiva at 2 mm apical to the CEJ are the most important indices with the highest canonical correlation coefficient and loadings. The most and least prevalent subgroups were the thin bone and thick gingiva group (accounting for 47.6%) and the thick bone and thick gingiva group (accounting for 8.6%).
CONCLUSION
Within the limitations of this retrospective study, the thickness of the buccal bone is significantly correlated with that of the buccal gingiva, and the 2 mm region apical to the CEJ is a vital plane for quantifying the thickness of these two tissues.
Topics: Humans; Gingiva; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Incisor; Maxilla; Female; Male; Adult; Young Adult; Reference Values; Reproducibility of Results; Alveolar Process; Middle Aged; Adolescent; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 38896641
DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2024-0018 -
The Journal of Oral Implantology Jun 2024Three-dimensional (3D) alveolar ridge deficiencies necessitate horizontal and vertical bone reconstruction for optimal implant positioning. Despite several available...
BACKGROUND
Three-dimensional (3D) alveolar ridge deficiencies necessitate horizontal and vertical bone reconstruction for optimal implant positioning. Despite several available techniques, achieving desired augmentation outcomes remains challenging. This case study aims to present a modified ridge split technique for bone reconstruction in both horizontal and vertical dimensions.
METHODS AND RESULTS
The proposed technique was used to reconstruct the horizontal and vertical ridge defect from removing a previously failed implant. This technique includes placing a cortical allograft plate as an internal tent in the split ridge. A portion of the plate was inserted into the ridge, while the other part was placed in the coronal of the vertical defect. Additional guided bone regeneration (GBR) was performed around the tented plate on both the buccal and lingual sides. After five months, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed sufficient bone formation in horizontal and vertical dimensions.
CONCLUSIONS
Within the limitations of the present case study, internal cortical tenting would be a reliable method for 3D bone reconstruction in cases where the ridge split is feasible.
PubMed: 38895832
DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-D-24-00004 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Jun 2024: A mucous retention cyst is a common, asymptomatic lesion that may cause complications during or after the sinus lift procedure. The goal of this study is to assess the...
: A mucous retention cyst is a common, asymptomatic lesion that may cause complications during or after the sinus lift procedure. The goal of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the Croco Eye Technique (CET), which allows simultaneous excision of the cyst and sinus floor elevation. : The technique was thoroughly described in two versions, and the group of 33 patients was analyzed. Patients who qualified for this procedure had insufficient alveolar ridge height, and their CBCT showed radiological images typical for retention cysts. Analyzed parameters included the version of CET, demographic data, anatomical parameters, intraoperative complications, recurrence of the cyst, success rate of the sinus lift and implants, and the follow-up period. : Out of the 33 cases, 9 were of the primary version (27.27%) and 24 of the final version (72.73%). The average height of a retention cyst was 24.05 mm, with the average alveolar ridge height of 1.86 mm. In three cases (9.09%), implants were placed immediately. The prevalence of uncontrolled Schneiderian membrane perforation was reduced from 55.56% to 4.17% between the primary and final versions. The cyst's recurrence rate was 3.13%. The implant survival rate was 100%. The mean follow-up period was 48.625 months (max 110 months). : The Croco Eye Technique, despite the perforation of the Schneiderian membrane, enables successful sinus lift and implantation with a success rate of 100%. Excision of the retention cyst, which is the cause of perforation, allows for limiting the risk of the cyst's recurrence.
PubMed: 38893004
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113293