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Journal of Clinical Medicine May 2024: Dental rehabilitation after extended tumour resection and jaw reconstruction is challenging. The present study aimed to report the prosthetic outcome and quality of...
: Dental rehabilitation after extended tumour resection and jaw reconstruction is challenging. The present study aimed to report the prosthetic outcome and quality of life (QoL) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) after microvascular alveolar ridge reconstruction. : The prosthetic outcomes of all consecutive patients with HNC who underwent microvascular alveolar ridge reconstruction at the University Hospital Salzburg between 2011 and 2018 were investigated. Oral health-related QoL (OHrQoL) and overall QoL were assessed using the validated Oral Health Impact Profile-49 (OHIP-49) and Short Form-36 questionnaires. : During the study period, 115 consecutive patients with head and neck cancer underwent microvascular jaw reconstruction. Among them, 23.3% and 27.4% received conventional tissue-borne prostheses and implant-supported prostheses, respectively, while 48.7% did not undergo dental rehabilitation. The prosthetic outcome was not associated with tumour stage ( = 0.32). Oral health-related quality of life (OHrQoL) was best in patients with implant-supported dental rehabilitation (OHIP-49 median score = 7) and worst in those with conventional removable dentures (OHIP-49 median score = 54). The corresponding OHIP-49 median score for patients who could not undergo dental rehabilitation was 30.5. All Short Form-36 subscale scores were equal to or higher than the malignancy norm scores. : After microvascular jaw reconstruction, approximately one-third of the HNC patients received adequate implant-supported dental rehabilitation. However, the risk of dental rehabilitation failure was 50%. The different prosthetic outcomes affected OHrQoL, but not overall QoL.
PubMed: 38892821
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113110 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine May 2024Accidents involving the maxillofacial area are sudden and unforeseen, such as traffic accidents and physical altercations. The COVID-19 pandemic was a critical threat...
Accidents involving the maxillofacial area are sudden and unforeseen, such as traffic accidents and physical altercations. The COVID-19 pandemic was a critical threat to the public in aspects not only involving physical health but also those affecting psychological health due to isolation, leading to a higher incidence of stress and depression among the general population and specifically in patients with OMF trauma. This study assessed the relationship between the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the quantity and severity of maxillofacial injuries. : Data were retrieved from the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of the University Clinical Centre in Gdansk from March 2019 to August 2023. There was an increased risk of injury occurrence to the condylar process of the mandible, especially the left side, Le Fort type II/III fractures, injuries of the maxillary alveolar process, and displacement of the upper facial mass. Simultaneously, a decreased occurrence of certain injuries i.e., Le Fort type III fractures and Le Fort type I/II fractures, was recorded. : The COVID-19 pandemic led to an increased occurrence of high-energy injuries, including displacement of the upper facial mass ( = 0.010).
PubMed: 38892806
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113095 -
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of No-Ozone Cold Plasma in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Periodontitis Rats.International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2024Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by () in the oral cavity. This periodontal disease causes damage to the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone and can...
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by () in the oral cavity. This periodontal disease causes damage to the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone and can cause tooth loss, but there is no definite treatment yet. In this study, we investigated the possibility of using no-ozone cold plasma to safely treat periodontitis in the oral cavity. First, human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were treated with -derived lipopolysaccharide (PG-LPS) to induce an inflammatory response, and then the anti-inflammatory effect of NCP was examined, and a study was conducted to identify the mechanism of action. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory effect of NCP was verified in rats that developed an inflammatory response similar to periodontitis. When NCP was applied to PG-LPS-treated HGFs, the activities of inflammatory proteins and cytokines were effectively inhibited. It was confirmed that the process of denaturing the medium by charged particles of NCP is essential for the anti-inflammatory effect of NCP. Also, it was confirmed that repeated treatment of periodontitis rats with NCP effectively reduced the inflammatory cells and osteoclast activity. As a result, this study suggests that NCP can be directly helpful in the treatment of periodontitis in the future.
Topics: Animals; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Periodontitis; Lipopolysaccharides; Rats; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Humans; Gingiva; Fibroblasts; Ozone; Plasma Gases; Male; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Nitric Oxide; Cells, Cultured
PubMed: 38892350
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116161 -
Cells May 2024Pulmonary surfactants play a crucial role in managing lung lipid metabolism, and dysregulation of this process is evident in various lung diseases. Alternations in lipid... (Review)
Review
Pulmonary surfactants play a crucial role in managing lung lipid metabolism, and dysregulation of this process is evident in various lung diseases. Alternations in lipid metabolism lead to pulmonary surfactant damage, resulting in hyperlipidemia in response to lung injury. Lung macrophages are responsible for recycling damaged lipid droplets to maintain lipid homeostasis. The inflammatory response triggered by external stimuli such as cigarette smoke, bleomycin, and bacteria can interfere with this process, resulting in the formation of lipid-laden macrophages (LLMs), also known as foamy macrophages. Recent studies have highlighted the potential significance of LLM formation in a range of pulmonary diseases. Furthermore, growing evidence suggests that LLMs are present in patients suffering from various pulmonary conditions. In this review, we summarize the essential metabolic and signaling pathways driving the LLM formation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, tuberculosis, and acute lung injury.
Topics: Humans; Lung Diseases; Lipid Metabolism; Animals; Macrophages; Macrophages, Alveolar; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 38891022
DOI: 10.3390/cells13110889 -
Minerva Dental and Oral Science Jun 2024Osseointegrated implant placement in the ideal prosthetic position necessitates a sufficient residual alveolar ridge. Tooth extraction and the subsequent healing process...
Comprehensive clinical and histological evaluation of bovine hydroxyapatite bone graft with polypropylene membrane versus leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin for alveolar preservation after tooth extraction.
BACKGROUND
Osseointegrated implant placement in the ideal prosthetic position necessitates a sufficient residual alveolar ridge. Tooth extraction and the subsequent healing process often lead to bony deformities, characterized by a reduction in alveolar ridge height and width, resulting in unfavorable ridge architecture for dental implant placement. Several materials, including allografts, alloplastics, xenografts, and autogenous bone, are commonly used to address these concerns. In this context, leucocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) emerges as a promising solution.
METHODS
This case report aims to compare the clinical and histological efficacy of bovine hydroxyapatite bone graft covered with polypropylene membrane (BHAG-PM) and leucocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) in preserving dental alveoli following tooth extraction. Extraction, graft placement in the alveoli, and the anterior border between extracted elements were performed for both treatment groups.
RESULTS
Up to 24 months of follow-up revealed satisfactory and comparable clinical and histological outcomes. These results suggest that both BHAG-PM and L-PRF effectively promote alveolar preservation, paving the way for ideal implant placement.
CONCLUSIONS
In general, bone-substitute materials are effective in reducing alveolar changes after tooth extraction. Xenograft materials should be considered as among the best of the available grafting materials for alveolar preservation after tooth extraction. Both techniques effectively preserve the alveolar bone and facilitate the placement of osseointegrated implants in ideal positions, paving the way for successful oral rehabilitation.
PubMed: 38888733
DOI: 10.23736/S2724-6329.24.05016-2 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes varicella and can reactivate as herpes zoster, and both diseases present a significant burden worldwide. However, the mechanisms by...
INTRODUCTION
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes varicella and can reactivate as herpes zoster, and both diseases present a significant burden worldwide. However, the mechanisms by which VZV establishes latency in the sensory ganglia and disseminates to these sites remain unclear.
METHODS
We combined a single-cell sequencing approach and a well-established rhesus macaque experimental model using Simian varicella virus (SVV), which recapitulates the VZV infection in humans, to define the acute immune response to SVV in the lung as well as compare the transcriptome of infected and bystander lung-resident T cells and macrophages.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Our analysis showed a decrease in the frequency of alveolar macrophages concomitant with an increase in that of infiltrating macrophages expressing antiviral genes as well as proliferating T cells, effector CD8 T cells, and T cells expressing granzyme A (GZMA) shortly after infection. Moreover, infected T cells harbored higher numbers of viral transcripts compared to infected macrophages. Furthermore, genes associated with cellular metabolism (glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation) showed differential expression in infected cells, suggesting adaptations to support viral replication. Overall, these data suggest that SVV infection remodels the transcriptome of bystander and infected lung-resident T cells and macrophages.
Topics: Animals; Macaca mulatta; Lung; Macrophages, Alveolar; Transcriptome; T-Lymphocytes; Varicellovirus; Macrophages; Herpesviridae Infections; Herpesvirus 3, Human; Disease Models, Animal; Single-Cell Analysis
PubMed: 38887303
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1408212 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024Post-tooth extraction, dry socket is a frequently encountered complication, causing substantial pain and hindering the healing process. Conventional approaches to manage... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Post-tooth extraction, dry socket is a frequently encountered complication, causing substantial pain and hindering the healing process. Conventional approaches to manage this condition have traditionally involved the use of antiseptic dressings to diminish bacterial presence and facilitate healing. This study aims to assess the efficacy of laser therapy in the symptomatic treatment of alveolitis.
METHODS
A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, focusing on publications from 1998 to 31/01/2024 using relevant keywords. The combination of "laser" and "dry socket" was executed through the boolean connection AND.
RESULTS
At the conclusion of the study, a total of 50 studies were identified across the three search engines, with only three selected for the current systematic study and meta-analysis. The meta-analysis indicated that laser treatment proves effective in addressing alveolitis compared to Alvogyl. However, the correlation between the two was not highly significant.
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that laser therapy may serve as a viable alternative to traditional treatments for dry socket. This minimally invasive procedure has the potential to alleviate pain and promote healing with fewer associated side effects."
Topics: Humans; Dry Socket; Laser Therapy; Treatment Outcome; Tooth Extraction; Low-Level Light Therapy; Wound Healing
PubMed: 38886713
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04461-w -
Clinical Oral Investigations Jun 2024To describe the clinical and radiographic performance and survival rate of a new two-piece ceramic implant system after at least 12 months of follow-up. (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
OBJECTIVE
To describe the clinical and radiographic performance and survival rate of a new two-piece ceramic implant system after at least 12 months of follow-up.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Sixty-five implants were placed and followed up for at least 12 months (12.3 ± 1.5), in 50 patients. The implants were installed both in fresh extraction sockets and in healed sites and received provisional restoration when the clinical insertion torque was greater than 35Ncm. The primary results describe the survival rate of these implants. Clinical performance was evaluated through the evaluation of the Pink Esthetic Score (PES) and the degree of satisfaction of the patients. Bone loss was measured through radiographic measurements of the marginal bone loss in the mesial (MBLM) and distal (MBLD) sites.
RESULTS
The survival rate was 98.5%. The average MBLM was 0.24 mm (± 0.53) and the MBLD was 0.27 mm (± 0.57). A statistical difference was observed only when comparing immediate implants with delayed ones (MBLM - p = 0.046 and MBLD - p = 0.028) and when they received immediate provisionalization or not (MBLM - p = 0.009 and MBLD - p = 0.040). The PES before the intervention (T0) was 13.4 (± 0.8) and the PES at T2 (12-month follow-up) was 12.9 (± 1.5) (p = 1.14).
CONCLUSION
The new two-piece ceramic implant used in the present study showed predictable and reliable results, similar to those found with titanium implants after one year of follow-up.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
These implants can be used as an alternative to titanium implants in terms of the marginal bone loss and the degree of patient satisfaction.
Topics: Humans; Prospective Studies; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Dental Prosthesis Design; Ceramics; Treatment Outcome; Adult; Patient Satisfaction; Aged; Esthetics, Dental; Alveolar Bone Loss; Tooth Socket; Dental Restoration Failure; Dental Implants
PubMed: 38886209
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05783-3 -
Journal of Periodontology Jun 2024To date, the clinical evidence regarding the effectiveness of alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) in restricting alveolar bone height and width change after extraction at...
BACKGROUND
To date, the clinical evidence regarding the effectiveness of alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) in restricting alveolar bone height and width change after extraction at periodontally compromised molar extraction sockets still remains controversial. This retrospective cohort study aims to evaluate the effect of ARP in molars extracted for periodontal reasons.
METHODS
Retrospective data were collected from patient electronic records from January 2019 to December 2023. Patients with Stage III/IV periodontitis who underwent extraction of molars for periodontal reasons were screened for eligibility. The outcomes included the horizontal and vertical dimensions of alveolar bone. The need for additional augmentation procedure during implantation was also evaluated. A linear regression model was used to adjust for known confounders.
RESULTS
A total of 80 sockets were included in this study, of which 27 sockets received ARP therapy after extraction while 53 sockets experienced natural healing (NH). ARP resulted in significantly less bone height change in the periodontally compromised molar sites compared to the NH group (p < 0.001). In sockets displaying a height disparity of >2 mm between the buccal and palatal/lingual walls, the ARP group exhibited advantageous outcomes in terms of ridge width change, surpassing the NH group (p = 0.004). Moreover, the percentage for additional augmentation was significantly reduced in the ARP compared to the NH group (p = 0.006). Age, sex, smoking, jaw, location, and buccal wall thickness did not show any significant effect on bone height change.
CONCLUSION
ARP had benefits on limiting ridge resorption subsequent to molar extraction for periodontal reasons.
PubMed: 38884702
DOI: 10.1002/JPER.24-0064 -
Cureus May 2024Following the loss of a tooth, the new edentulous area of the ridge will undergo several adaptive modifications due to changes in function within and surrounding the...
BACKGROUND
Following the loss of a tooth, the new edentulous area of the ridge will undergo several adaptive modifications due to changes in function within and surrounding the socket. This bone resorption explains the need for socket preservation techniques in areas of esthetic concerns and functional demands. Demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) possesses greater osteoinductive potential due to the exposure of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-3)and collagen fibrils and can be used efficiently in socket preservation techniques. DFDBA yields better results when combined with an autologous platelet concentrate, such as platelet-rich fibrin. Therefore, we formulated this randomized controlled clinical trial to assess the clinical and radiovisiographical outcomes of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and DFDBAs for extraction socket preservation in humans at different time intervals.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This was a randomized controlled trial with 100 people as study subjects, and they were randomly divided into two groups: the test group (DFDBA and PRF placed in the extraction socket) and the control group (natural healing of the extraction socket). Clinical and radiographic evaluation using radiovisiography (RVG) was done at baseline, three-month, and six-month intervals. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used at six months to determine the bone density in the test and control groups.
RESULTS
When compared from baseline to six months, the percentage change in clinical and RVG measurements for the test group was 15.96% (11.9064 mm) and 16.77% (12.1840 mm), respectively, whereas for the control group, it was 46.09% (14.0396 mm) and 47.61% (14.5716 mm), thus indicating lesser bone resorption in the test group as opposed to the control group. CBCT values also showed greater bone density for the test group (682.3120 HU) than the control group (503.8336 HU).
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates the advantages of DFDBA bone graft with PRF compared to natural healing in achieving socket preservation by maintaining the marginal and buccolingual bone levels.
PubMed: 38883015
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60388