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Ecotoxicology (London, England) Aug 2019The presence of pesticides has recently been reported in shrimp farms adjacent to agricultural areas on the east coast of the Gulf of California. This study assessed the...
The presence of pesticides has recently been reported in shrimp farms adjacent to agricultural areas on the east coast of the Gulf of California. This study assessed the possible effect of organophosphorus pesticides in the coastal environment of Sinaloa, México, using the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei as a bioindicator since their presence, abundance or behavior indicate some process or state of the system in which they live. Sublethal bioassays were performed on shrimps in intermolt state using commercial brands of organophosphorus pesticides, chlorpyrifos (0.0015 mg l), diazinon (0.0120 mg l), methamidophos (1.207 mg l), azinphos-methyl (0.0101 mg l), and methyl parathion (0.0075 mg l) were tested. Results showed reductions in glycogen, triglycerides, and total protein concentrations in shrimp muscle, except for the diazinon treatments, in which an increase in triglyceride level was detected. The observed alterations in the three cellular components were probably due to the metabolic compensation mechanism of the shrimp in reaction to the stress produced by organophosphorus pesticides, which act as endocrine disruptors. The establishment of continuous environmental monitoring programs of the coastal zone of Northwestern Mexico is strongly recommended.
Topics: Animals; Arthropod Proteins; Energy Metabolism; Glycogen; Insecticides; Mexico; Organophosphates; Penaeidae; Triglycerides; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 31222580
DOI: 10.1007/s10646-019-02066-6 -
Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular... Dec 2019
Corrigendum to "ThThnated Development of a pH assisted AgNP-based Colorimetric Sensor Array for Simultaneous Identification of Phosalone and Azinphosmethyl Pesticides" [Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 219 (2019) 496-503].
PubMed: 31160184
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117155 -
Journal of Economic Entomology Sep 2019Organisms live in complex multivariate environments. In agroecosystems, this complexity is often human-induced as pest individuals can be exposed to many xenobiotics...
Organisms live in complex multivariate environments. In agroecosystems, this complexity is often human-induced as pest individuals can be exposed to many xenobiotics simultaneously. Predicting the effects of multiple stressors can be problematic, as two or more stressors can have interactive effects. Our objective was to investigate whether indirect glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) exposure of the host plant has interactive effects in combination with an insecticide (azinphos-methyl) on an invasive pest Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say). We tested the effects of GBH and insecticide on the survival, insecticide target genes expression (acetylcholinesterase genes) and oxidative status biomarkers (glutathione S-transferase [GST], glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G6PDH], glutathione reductase homolog [GR], glutathione peroxidase homolog [GPx], total glutathione [totGSH], glutathione reduced-oxidized [GSH: GSSG], catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD], lipid hydroperoxides). We found that exposure to indirect GBH has no single or interactive effects in combination with the insecticide on larval survival. However, prior exposure to GBH inhibits Ldace1 gene expression by 0.55-fold, which is the target site for the organophosphate and carbamate insecticides. This difference disappears when individuals are exposed to both GBH and insecticide, suggesting an antagonistic effect. On the other hand, oxidative status biomarker scores (PCAs of GPx, GR, and CAT) were decreased when exposed to both stressors, indicating a synergistic effect. Overall, we found that indirect GBH exposure can have both antagonistic and synergistic effects in combination with an insecticide, which should be considered when aiming for an ecologically relevant risk assessment of multiple human-induced stressors.
Topics: Animals; Coleoptera; Colorado; Glutathione Transferase; Herbicides; Insecticides; Organophosphates; Solanum tuberosum
PubMed: 31081887
DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz115 -
Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular... Aug 2019Development of simple and rapid methods for identification of pesticides, due to their broad usage and harmful effects on mammals, has been known as a critical demand....
Development of simple and rapid methods for identification of pesticides, due to their broad usage and harmful effects on mammals, has been known as a critical demand. Herein, we have introduced a silver nanoparticle (AgNP) based colorimetric sensor array for simultaneous identification of Azinphosmethyl (AM) and Phosalone (PS) pesticides. In the presence of the target pesticides, unmodified AgNPs at various pHs (4.5, 5.5 and 9.5) showed different aggregation behaviors. As a result of aggregation, the color and UV-Vis spectra of AgNPs changed differentially, leading to distinct response patterns for AM and PS. The aggregation induced spectral changes of AgNPs, were used to identify AM and PS with the help of linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The applicability of the proposed sensor array was then evaluated by identifying the target pesticides in apple samples. Altogether, the developed AgNPs based colorimetric sensor array can be potentially exploited as an efficient discrimination tool in the near future for agrichemical applications.
Topics: Azinphosmethyl; Colorimetry; Food Contamination; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Malus; Metal Nanoparticles; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Pesticides; Silver
PubMed: 31077953
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.04.074