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Journal of Dentistry Jun 2024Clinical contamination during direct adhesive restorative procedures can affect various adhesive interfaces differently and contribute to bulk failure of the... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Clinical contamination during direct adhesive restorative procedures can affect various adhesive interfaces differently and contribute to bulk failure of the restorations. This review aims to summarise the current knowledge on the influence of a variety of clinical contaminants on the bond strength at various adhesive interfaces during adhesive restorative procedures and identify gaps in the literature for future research.
DATA AND SOURCES
An electronic database search was performed in PubMed and EMBASE to identify articles that investigated the influence of contaminants on direct restorative bonding procedures. A data-charting form was developed by two researchers to capture the key characteristics of each eligible study.
STUDY SELECTION
The initial search yielded 1,428 articles. Fifty-seven articles published between 1 Jan 2007 and 25 Oct 2023 were included in the final review. Thirty-three of the articles examined the influence of saliva contamination, twelve articles examined the influence of blood contamination, and twenty-five articles examined the influence of other contaminants.
CONCLUSION
Saliva contamination exerted less influence on the decrease in bond strength when self-etch systems were used, compared to when etch-and-rinse systems were used. Blood contamination adversely affected the bond strength at the interface between resin composite and dentine, and resin composite and resin-modified glass ionomer cement. Treating contaminated surfaces with water spray for 10-30 s followed by air drying could be effective in recovering bond strength following saliva and blood contamination.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
This scoping review provides a valuable overview of the range of potential clinical contaminants that can influence the bond strength between different interfaces in direct adhesive restorative procedures. Additionally, it identifies potential decontamination protocols that can be followed to restore and enhance bond strength.
Topics: Humans; Dental Bonding; Composite Resins; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Saliva; Glass Ionomer Cements; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Materials Testing; Dentin; Dental Cements; Dental Stress Analysis; Surface Properties; Resin Cements
PubMed: 38574846
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104985 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2024Hypomyelinating leukodystrophy (HLD) is a rare genetic heterogeneous disease that can affect myelin development in the central nervous system. This study aims to analyze...
Hypomyelinating leukodystrophy (HLD) is a rare genetic heterogeneous disease that can affect myelin development in the central nervous system. This study aims to analyze the clinical phenotype and genetic function of a family with HLD-7 caused by POLR3A mutation. The proband (IV6) in this family mainly showed progressive cognitive decline, dentin dysplasia, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Her three old brothers (IV1, IV2, and IV4) also had different degrees of ataxia, dystonia, or dysarthria besides the aforementioned manifestations. Their brain magnetic resonance imaging showed bilateral periventricular white matter atrophy, brain atrophy, and corpus callosum atrophy and thinning. The proband and her two living brothers (IV2 and IV4) were detected to carry a homozygous mutation of the POLR3A (NM_007055.4) gene c. 2300G > T (p.Cys767Phe), and her consanguineous married parents (III1 and III2) were p.Cys767Phe heterozygous carriers. In the constructed POLR3A wild-type and p.Cys767Phe mutant cells, it was seen that overexpression of wild-type POLR3A protein significantly enhanced Pol III transcription of 5S rRNA and tRNA Leu-CAA. However, although the mutant POLR3A protein overexpression was increased compared to the wild-type protein overexpression, it did not show the expected further enhancement of Pol III function. On the contrary, Pol III transcription function was frustrated (POLR3A, BC200, and tRNA Leu-CAA expression decreased), and MBP and 18S rRNA expressions were decreased. This study indicates that the POLR3A p.Cys767Phe variant caused increased expression of mutated POLR3A protein and abnormal expression of Pol III transcripts, and the mutant POLR3A protein function was abnormal.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases; Mutation; Phenotype; Atrophy; RNA, Transfer; RNA Polymerase III
PubMed: 38561452
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58452-6 -
Journal of International Society of... 2024To determine the effect of an herbal toothpaste containing Little Ironweed and Java Tea, on reducing dentine permeability .
AIM
To determine the effect of an herbal toothpaste containing Little Ironweed and Java Tea, on reducing dentine permeability .
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Dentine discs from human mandibular third molars were divided into three groups and brushed with herbal toothpaste, nonherbal toothpaste, or deionized water. Each group was immersed in artificial saliva (AS) or 6% citric acid. The permeability of each dentine disc was evaluated before and after saliva or acid challenge using a fluid filtration system. The morphology of dentine discs after treatment was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mean permeabilities were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey's test.
RESULTS
The nonherbal and herbal toothpaste groups demonstrated reduced dentine permeability. AS immersion decreased dentine permeability in both toothpaste groups with values lower than the control group. Dentine permeability values increased after acid immersion in the toothpaste groups and were similar to each other. SEM revealed small granular crystal-like and round particles on the dentine surface and opening of dentinal tubules of both toothpaste groups. More dentinal tubules were opened after brushing with deionized water.
CONCLUSIONS
The reduction of dentine permeability caused by the herbal toothpaste was similar to that of the nonherbal toothpaste after brushing and the simulated oral conditions. Both herbal plants have the possibility to alleviate clinical hypersensitivity by reducing dentine permeability. Little Ironweed and Java Tea in the toothpaste composition is a potential choice for treating hypersensitive dentine.
PubMed: 38559639
DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_67_23 -
Forensic Science International May 2024Teeth are considered unique as fingerprints for identification purposes. Their structure and resilience mean they can remain for thousands and millions of years...
Teeth are considered unique as fingerprints for identification purposes. Their structure and resilience mean they can remain for thousands and millions of years withstanding extreme conditions, including burning. During burning, bones undergo carbonization at approximately 400°C and calcination at approximately 700°C. This study aimed to investigate the effects of carbonization and calcination on dental tissue. It involved nondestructive analyses of 58 extracted human teeth before and after burning, using x-ray diffraction, micro-CT, and high-resolution confocal microscopy. The results revealed that during carbonization, dentin volume decreased in two thirds of the sample, accompanied by crack formation and significant reduction in hydroxyapatite crystal size (p<0.001). During calcination, dentin volume decreased in all teeth, along with a significant deepening of the cracks (p<0.001), while enamel crystal size increased slightly. Initial changes in teeth occurred at lower temperatures than had once been assumed, as indicated by the cracks during carbonization, and there was up to a 36% decrease in dentin volume during calcination, which should be considered when measuring burnt teeth. The results of this research provide new insight into understanding dental tissue response to burning. Thus, dental remains may contribute to the knowledge needed to reconstruct anthropological and forensic scenarios involving burning.
Topics: Humans; Dentin; X-Ray Microtomography; Microscopy, Confocal; X-Ray Diffraction; Fires; Dental Enamel; Durapatite; Forensic Dentistry; Tooth
PubMed: 38547582
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2024.111987 -
Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and... Apr 2024This investigation set out to compare the impacts of low-level diode laser (LLDL) and red light-emitting diode (LED) on the survival of human dental pulp stem cells...
This investigation set out to compare the impacts of low-level diode laser (LLDL) and red light-emitting diode (LED) on the survival of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation. In this experimental study, the experimental groups underwent the irradiation of LLDL (4 J/cm energy density) and red LED in the osteogenic medium. Survival of hDPSCs was assessed after 24 and 48 h ( = 9) using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The assessment of osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation was conducted using alizarin red staining (ARS; three repetitions). The investigation of osteogenic and odontogenic gene expression was performed at two time points, specifically 24 and 48 h ( = 12). This analysis was performed utilizing real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The groups were compared at each time point using SPSS version 24. To analyze the data, the Mann-Whitney U test, analysis of variance, Tukey's test, and -test were utilized. The MTT assay showed that LLDL significantly decreased the survival of hDPSCs after 48 h, compared with other groups ( < 0.05). The qualitative results of ARS revealed that LLDL and red LED increased the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. LLDL and red LED both upregulated the expression of osteogenic/odontogenic genes, including bone sialoprotein (BSP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1), and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), in hDPSCs. The LLDL group exhibited a higher level of gene upregulation ( < 0.0001). The cell survival of hDPSCs was reduced, despite an increase in osteogenic/odontogenic activity. Clinical relevance: Introduction of noninvasive methods in regenerative endodontic treatments.
Topics: Humans; Dental Pulp; Cell Differentiation; Osteogenesis; Lasers, Semiconductor; Stem Cells; Cell Survival; Odontogenesis; Low-Level Light Therapy; Cells, Cultured; Red Light
PubMed: 38546858
DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0127 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of different endodontic irrigants and adhesive systems on the resin bond strength of fiber post cementation. In total,...
The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of different endodontic irrigants and adhesive systems on the resin bond strength of fiber post cementation. In total, 144 single-rooted, unrestored human teeth were endodontically treated and randomly divided into 12 groups according to four endodontic irrigants (distilled water as control; EDTA 17%; NaOCl 5%; chlorhexidine digluconate 2%) and three different adhesive/resin cement systems (etch-and-rinse: orthophosphoric acid, Parabond A+B/Paracore; self-etch: ParaBond Non-Rinse Conditioner, Parabond A+B/Paracore; Universal: Clearfil Universal Bond/Clearfil DC Core Plus). Forty-eight hours after post cementation, ten teeth from each group were cross-sectioned into three discs (cervical, middle and apical regions). Thirty specimens of each group ( = 30) were submitted to a push-out test at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The remaining two teeth of each group were sectioned in the same manner, and the resin-dentin interface was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results were statistically analyzed with the ANOVA test and Tukey's test ( < 0,01). The adhesive protocols and post space region showed no significant effect on bond strength ( > 0.01). The combination of NaOCl 5% and ClearfilTM Universal Bond reduced the adhesive strength ( < 0.01). The NaOCl 5%, in relation to other irrigants, significantly decreased the push-out bond strength.
PubMed: 38541586
DOI: 10.3390/ma17061432 -
Evidence-based Dentistry Mar 2024To evaluate the efficacy of Odontopaste in reducing the microbial load in endodontics compared to other intracanal medicaments.
AIM
To evaluate the efficacy of Odontopaste in reducing the microbial load in endodontics compared to other intracanal medicaments.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The literature was electronically searched on PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Ovid Medline and Web of Science. In-vitro, ex-vivo and in-vivo studies that evaluated the antimicrobial efficacy of Odontopaste were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for In Vitro Studies.
RESULTS
A total of four in-vitro studies were included in the systematic review. One study showed that Odontopaste had significantly more microbial cell growth on roots in all dentine depths compared to other medicaments or test agents. Another study found that Odontopaste significantly decreased colony-forming units compared to propolis and chlorhexidine. Further results showed that Odontopaste did not significantly decrease microbial numbers when used in isolation. Additionally, combining Odontopaste and calcium hydroxide did not enhance the effectiveness of calcium hydroxide. The studies had a medium to high risk of bias.
CONCLUSION
There is insufficient high-quality evidence to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of Odontopaste compared to other intracanal medicaments. Further research is required to determine Odontopaste's efficacy as an antimicrobial medicament in endodontics.
PubMed: 38538855
DOI: 10.1038/s41432-024-01000-y -
Brazilian Dental Journal 2024The aim was to evaluate the effect of stress distribution on vertical, horizontal, and oblique forces on the tooth model after reattaching the fragments of the maxillary...
The aim was to evaluate the effect of stress distribution on vertical, horizontal, and oblique forces on the tooth model after reattaching the fragments of the maxillary incisor with vertical root fracture (VRF) using different materials, by 3D finite element analysis (FEA). Tooth with a root canal, spongious, and cortical bone models were designed. VRF was modeled on a tooth with 4 different re-attachment models: Group 1: dual-cure cement (DC)+fiber reinforced composite (FRC), Group 2: DC+polyethylene fiber, Group 3: DC+glass fiber, and Group 4:DC. 100 N force was applied in 3 different directions. Maximum principal stresses (σmax) of dentin, and re-attachment materials were evaluated on colored images. The highest σmax values were on the repair materials under vertical forces for Groups 1 and 4, respectively; Groups 2 and 3 showed similarity. The highest σmax values in repair materials under horizontal and oblique forces were observed in Group 3 however the lowest σmax values in repair materials under oblique and horizontal forces were observed in Group 1. The stress values on repair materials gradually increased respectively starting from horizontal to vertical. As the elasticity modulus of the repair materials increased, the stress values on root dentin increased. Through all force directions, except vertical forces, lower stress values were observed with FRC. The fracture resistance was bigger when using solely FRC or dual-cure resin cement in comparison to fiber-supported designs. Adding polyethylene fiber to re-restorations decreased stress values compared to glass fiber addition. Therefore, when adding fibers, polyethylene fiber will be advantageous.
Topics: Dental Materials; Composite Resins; Dental Pulp Cavity; Finite Element Analysis; Post and Core Technique; Polyethylene; Stress, Mechanical; Materials Testing; Dental Stress Analysis; Glass
PubMed: 38537024
DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202405833 -
Brazilian Dental Journal 2024This study was designed to investigate the impact of access cavity designs on fracture resistance of endodontically treated maxillary first premolars. The study sample...
This study was designed to investigate the impact of access cavity designs on fracture resistance of endodontically treated maxillary first premolars. The study sample consisted of 72 intact maxillary first premolars, randomly divided into six groups (n = 12). A standardized proximal cavity preparation was prepared for all samples using standard bur. Groups I: control group with only standard proximal cavity and no endodontic access, group II: Truss access cavity, group III: Separated access to buccal and palatal canals without removal of dentine in between, group IV: Access to buccal and palatal canals with removal of dentine in between, group V: Traditional access cavity, group VI: Mesio-occlusal-distal cavity (MOD). For groups I and VI, only composite restoration was used to restore the proximal cavity, while for groups II- V, the access was prepared and endodontic treatment was performed on all teeth, then composite restoration was placed. The root canals were instrumented using nickel-titanium files, irrigated with sodium hypochlorite, and filled with AH plus sealer and gutta-percha using warm vertical condensation. All samples were then placed in an acrylic mold and underwent thermal aging for 10,000 cycles between 5 and 55°C. The samples were fixed in a universal testing machine with the long axis of the roots positioned at 20° to a load applied at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min using a stainless steel semi-spherical indenter (Ø = 3 mm) until fracture occurred to determine the fracture resistance force in Newton. The normality test (Shapiro-Wilk) showed that data are normally distributed. Group II exhibited the highest mean fracture resistance, and group VI was the least likely to resist the fracture. No statistically significant differences between tested groups (p-value = 0.237). The MOD group showed a more unfavorable mode of fracture compared to other groups. No significant difference in fracture resistance between conservative and traditional access cavities. The missing marginal ridges, such as in MOD cavities played an important role in decreasing the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth.
Topics: Humans; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Composite Resins; Bicuspid; Dental Cavity Preparation; Gutta-Percha; Tooth Fractures; Tooth, Nonvital; Dental Stress Analysis
PubMed: 38537021
DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202405676 -
Dentistry Journal Mar 2024Oral mucosa inflammation can cause severe pain and interfere with eating, reducing quality of life. However, few options for self-care are available. An oral liquid...
Oral mucosa inflammation can cause severe pain and interfere with eating, reducing quality of life. However, few options for self-care are available. An oral liquid bandage forms a protective film over the affected area. We aimed to assess the acid erosion risk when a newly developed oral liquid bandage (ORAPLA) is accidentally deposited on teeth and to examine the relative acid erosion risk at multiple time points of the maximum recommended duration of continuous use. ORAPLA was applied to both enamel and dentin blocks from 45 bovine anterior mandibular teeth, and an acid challenge was performed in a simulated oral cavity with artificial saliva, with one exposure cycle lasting 6 h. The enamel showed substantial defects and a decrease in Vickers hardness after nine cycles, with no change in surface roughness. Dentin showed an increase in parenchymal defects and surface roughness and a trend toward decreased Vickers hardness with increasing exposure time. We found no significant acid corrosion in enamel after up to nine times the upper limit of normal use time or in dentin after up to six times the upper limit. We conclude that the acid erosion risk due to accidental attachment to teeth is low, and in the human oral cavity with salivary buffering and remineralization, likely even lower.
PubMed: 38534294
DOI: 10.3390/dj12030070