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Life Sciences Jan 2024Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are being used in healthcare industries due to its antimicrobial properties. The increased consumption of NPs could lead to the rise...
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are being used in healthcare industries due to its antimicrobial properties. The increased consumption of NPs could lead to the rise of these NPs in the environment affecting the biological systems. Altered microbiome has been correlated to disease pathology in humans as well as xenobiotic toxicity in experimental animal models. However, CuO NPs-induced microbiome alterations in vertebrates have not been reported so far. In this study, for the first time, zebrafish larvae at 96 hpf (hours post fertilization) were exposed to CuO NPs for 24 h at 10, 20, and 40 ppm. After exposure, the control and treated larvae were subjected to 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing followed by relative taxa abundance, alpha and beta diversity analysis, single factor analysis, LEfSe, Deseq2, and functional profiling. No significant alteration was detected in the microbial richness and diversity, however, specific taxa constituting the core microbiome such as phylum Proteobacteria were significantly increased and Bacterioidetes and Firmicutes were decreased in the treated groups, indicating a core microbiota dysbiosis. Further, the family Lachnospiraceae, and genus Syntrophomonas involved in butyrate production and the metabolism of lipids and glucose were significantly altered. In addition, the opportunistic pathogens belonging to order Flavobacteriales were increased in CuO NPs treated groups. Moreover, the taxa involved in host immune response (Shewanella, Delftia, and Bosea) were found to be enriched in CuO NPs exposed larvae. These results indicate that CuO NPs exposure causes alteration in the core microbiota, which could cause colitis or inflammatory bowel disease.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Zebrafish; Copper; Larva; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Nanoparticles; Microbiota; Oxides; Metal Nanoparticles
PubMed: 38035991
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122313 -
The Science of the Total Environment Feb 2024Fungicide carboxin was commonly used in the form of seed coating for the prevention of smut, wheat rust and cotton damping-off, leading carboxin and its probable...
Fungicide carboxin was commonly used in the form of seed coating for the prevention of smut, wheat rust and cotton damping-off, leading carboxin and its probable carcinogenic metabolite aniline to directly enter the soil with the seeds, causing residual pollution. In this study, a novel carboxin degrading strain, Delftia sp. HFL-1, was isolated. Strain HFL-1 could use carboxin as the carbon source for growth and completely degrade 50 mg/L carboxin and its metabolite aniline within 24 h. The optimal temperatures and pH for carboxin degrading by strain HFL-1 were 30 to 42 °C and 5 to 9, respectively. Furthermore, the complete mineralization pathway of carboxin by strain HFL-1 was revealed by High Resolution Mass Spectrometer (HRMS). Carboxin was firstly hydrolyzed into aniline and further metabolized into catechol through multiple oxidation processes, and finally converted into 4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate, a precursor of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Genome sequencing revealed the corresponding degradation genes and cluster of carboxin. Among them, amidohydrolase and dioxygenase were key enzymes involved in the degradation of carboxin and aniline. The discovery of transposons indicated that the aniline degradation gene cluster in strain HFL-1 was obtained via horizontal transfer. Furthermore, the degradation genes were cloned and overexpressed. The in vitro test showed that the expressed degrading enzyme could efficiently degrade aniline. This study provides an efficient strain resource for the bioremediation of carboxin and aniline in contaminated soil, and further revealing the molecular mechanism of biodegradation of carboxin and aniline.
Topics: Carboxin; Fungicides, Industrial; Biodegradation, Environmental; Delftia; Aniline Compounds; Soil
PubMed: 38030002
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168957 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2023Healthy lung microbiota plays an important role in preventing (Mtb) infections by activating immune cells and stimulating production of T-helper cell type 1 cytokines....
INTRODUCTION
Healthy lung microbiota plays an important role in preventing (Mtb) infections by activating immune cells and stimulating production of T-helper cell type 1 cytokines. The dynamic stability of lung microbiota relies mostly on lung homeostasis. In our previous studies, we found that Mtb virulence factor, Rv1987 protein, can mediate host immune response and enhance mycobacterial survival in host lung. However, the alteration of lung microbiota and the contribution of lung microbiota dysbiosis to mycobacterial evasion in this process are not clear so far.
METHODS
which does not contain the ortholog of Rv1987 protein was selected as a model strain to study the effects of Rv1987 on host lung microbiota. The lung microbiota, immune state and metabolites of mice infected by overexpressing Rv1987 protein (MS1987) were detected and analyzed.
RESULTS
The results showed that Rv1987 inhibited inflammatory response in mouse lung and anaerobic bacteria and , , and bacteria were enriched in the lung tissues correspondingly. The immune alterations and microbiota dysbiosis affected host metabolic profiles, and some of significantly altered bacteria in MS1987-infected mouse lung, such as , and , led to anti-inflammatory responses in mouse lung. The secretory metabolites of these altered bacteria also influenced mycobacterial growth and biofilm formation directly.
CONCLUSION
All these results suggested that Rv1987 can attenuate inflammatory response and alter microbiota in the lung, which in turn facilitates mycobacterial survival in the host.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Dysbiosis; Cytokines; Mycobacterium Infections; Lung; Microbiota
PubMed: 38029253
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1256866 -
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023Styles transmit pollen-derived sperm nuclei from pollen to ovules, but also transmit environmental pathogens. The microbiomes of styles are likely important for...
Styles transmit pollen-derived sperm nuclei from pollen to ovules, but also transmit environmental pathogens. The microbiomes of styles are likely important for reproduction/disease, yet few studies exist. Whether style microbiome compositions are spatially responsive to pathogens is unknown. The maize pathogen enters developing grain through the style (silk). We hypothesized that treatment shifts the cultured transmitting silk microbiome (TSM) compared to healthy silks in a distance-dependent manner. Another objective of the study was to culture microbes for future application. Bacteria were cultured from husk-covered silks of 14 -treated diverse maize genotypes, proximal (tip) and distal (base) to the inoculation site. Long-read 16S sequences from 398 isolates spanned 35 genera, 71 species, and 238 OTUs. More bacteria were cultured from -inoculated tips (271 isolates) versus base (127 isolates); healthy silks were balanced. caused a collapse in diversity of ~20-25% across multiple taxonomic levels. Some species were cultured exclusively or, more often, from -treated silks (e.g., , , , , ). Overall, the results suggest that alters the TSM in a distance-dependent manner. Many isolates matched taxa that were previously identified using V4-MiSeq (core and -induced), but long-read sequencing clarified the taxonomy and uncovered greater diversity than was initially predicted (e.g., within ). These isolates represent the first comprehensive cultured collection from pathogen-treated maize silks to facilitate biocontrol efforts and microbial marker-assisted breeding.
PubMed: 38003787
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111322 -
World Journal of Microbiology &... Nov 2023Microorganisms play an important role in regulating flavor compounds in rice wine, whereas we often don't understand how did they affect flavor compounds. Here, the...
Microorganisms play an important role in regulating flavor compounds in rice wine, whereas we often don't understand how did they affect flavor compounds. Here, the relations between flavor compounds and microbial community ecological succession were investigated by monitoring flavor compounds and microbial community throughout the fermentation stage of rice wine. The composition of microbial community showed a dynamic change, but 13 dominant bacterial genera and 4 dominant fungal genera were detected throughout the fermentation stages. Saccharomyces presented a strong negative correlation with fungi genera but had positive associations with bacteria genera. Similarly, flavor compounds in rice wine were also showed the dynamic change, and 112 volatile compounds and 17 free amino acids were identified in the whole stages. The alcohol-ester ratio was decreased in the LTF stage, indicating that low temperature boosts ester formation. The potential correlation between flavor compounds and microbial community indicated that Delftia, Chryseobacterium, Rhizopus and Wickerhamomyces were the core functional microorganisms in rice wine. These findings clarified the correlation between changes in flavor compounds and in microbial community in the liquid fermentation of rice wine, and these results have some reference value for the quality improvement and technological optimization in liquid fermentation of rice wine.
Topics: Fermentation; Wine; Dietary Supplements; Esters; Microbiota
PubMed: 37981595
DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03844-5 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of long-term exposure to heavy metals on the microbiome of the buccal mucosa, to unveil the link between environmental...
OBJECTIVES
The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of long-term exposure to heavy metals on the microbiome of the buccal mucosa, to unveil the link between environmental contamination and the oral microbial ecosystem, and to comprehend its potential health implications.
METHODS
Subjects were divided into two groups: the exposure group and the control group. We collected samples of buccal mucosa, soil, and blood, and conducted microbial diversity analysis on both groups of oral samples using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The concentrations of heavy metals in blood and soil samples were also determined. Additionally, microbial networks were constructed for the purpose of topological analysis.
RESULTS
Due to long-term exposure to heavy metals, the relative abundance of , , , and increased, while the abundance of , , , , and decreased. The concentrations of heavy metals in the blood (Pb, Cd, Hg, and Mo) were associated with the growth of , , , and . In addition, the relative abundances of some pathogenic bacteria, such as , , and , were found to be enriched in the exposure group. Compared to the exposure group network, the control group network had a greater number of nodes, modules, interactive species, and keystone taxa. Module hubs and connectors in the control group converted into peripherals in the exposure group, indicating that keystone taxa changed. Metals in the blood (Pb, Cd, Hg, and Mo) were drivers of the microbial network of the buccal mucosa, which can have adverse effects on the network, thus providing conditions for the occurrence of certain diseases.
CONCLUSION
Long-term exposure to multiple metals perturbs normal bacterial communities in the buccal mucosa of residents in contaminated areas. This exposure reduces the complexity and stability of the microbial network and increases the risk of developing various diseases.
PubMed: 37928665
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1264619 -
Microorganisms Sep 2023Phenanthrene (PHE) is one of the model compounds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this study, a natural PHE-degrading microbial consortium, named HJ-SH,...
Phenanthrene (PHE) is one of the model compounds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this study, a natural PHE-degrading microbial consortium, named HJ-SH, with very high degradation efficiency was isolated from soil exposed to long-term PHE contamination. The results of GC analysis showed that the consortium HJ-SH degraded 98% of 100 mg/L PHE in 3 days and 93% of 1000 mg/L PHE in 5 days, an efficiency higher than that of any other natural consortia, and even most of the engineered strains and consortia reported so far. Seven dominating strains were isolated from the microbial consortium HJ-SH, named SH-1 to SH-7, which were identified according to morphological observation and 16S rDNA sequencing as sp., sp., sp., sp., sp., sp., and sp., respectively. Among all the seven single strains, SH-4 showed the strongest PHE degradation ability, and had the biggest degradation contribution. However, it is very interesting that the microbial consortium can hold its high degradation ability only with the co-existence of all these seven single strains. Moreover, HJ-SH exhibited a very high tolerance for PHE, up to 4.5 g/L, and it can degrade some other typical organic pollutants such as biphenyl, anthracene, and n-hexadecane with the degradation ratios of 93%, 92% and 70%, respectively, under 100 mg/L initial concentration in 5 days. Then, we constructed an artificial consortium HJ-7 consisting of the seven single strains, SH-1 to SH-7. After comparing the degradation ratios, cell growth, and relative degradation rates, it was concluded that the artificial consortium HJ-7 with easier reproducibility, better application stability, and larger room for modification can largely replace the natural consortium HJ-SH. In conclusion, this research provided novel tools and new insights for the bioremediation of PHE and other typical organic pollutants using microbial consortia.
PubMed: 37894041
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102383 -
Frontiers in Plant Science 2023The bacterial component of plant holobiont maintains valuable interactions that contribute to plants' growth, adaptation, stress tolerance, and antagonism to some...
The bacterial component of plant holobiont maintains valuable interactions that contribute to plants' growth, adaptation, stress tolerance, and antagonism to some phytopathogens. Teosinte is the grass plant recognized as the progenitor of modern maize, domesticated by pre-Hispanic civilizations around 9,000 years ago. Three teosinte species are recognized: , , and . In this work, the bacterial diversity of three species of Mexican teosinte seeds was explored by massive sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons. , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , among others, were the bacterial genera mainly represented. The bacterial alpha diversity in the seeds of was the highest, while the alpha diversity in subsp. mexicana race was the lowest observed among the species and races. The Mexican teosintes analyzed had a core bacteriome of 38 bacterial genera, including several recognized plant growth promoters or fungal biocontrol agents such as , , , , , , , , , among other. Metabolic inference analysis by PICRUSt2 of bacterial genera showed several pathways related to plant growth promotion (PGP), biological control, and environmental adaptation. The implications of these findings are far-reaching, as they highlight the existence of an exceptional bacterial germplasm reservoir teeming with potential plant growth promotion bacteria (PGPB). This reserve holds the key to cultivating innovative bioinoculants and formidable fungal antagonistic strains, thereby paving the way for a more sustainable and eco-friendly approach to agriculture. Embracing these novel NGS-based techniques and understanding the profound impact of the vertical transference of microorganisms from seeds could revolutionize the future of agriculture and develop a new era of symbiotic harmony between plants and microbes.
PubMed: 37860235
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1247814 -
Cancers Oct 2023Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer mortality among women in Ethiopia. Overall, women of African ancestry have the highest death toll due to BC compared to...
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer mortality among women in Ethiopia. Overall, women of African ancestry have the highest death toll due to BC compared to other racial/ethnic groups. The cause of the disparity in mortality is unclear. Recently, studies conducted in the United States and other high-income countries highlighted the role of microbial dysbiosis in BC initiation, tumor growth, and treatment outcome. However, the extent to which inter-individual differences in the makeup of microbiota are associated with clinical and histopathological outcomes in Ethiopian women has not been studied. The goal of our study was to profile the microbiome in breast tumor and normal adjacent to tumor (NAT) tissues of the same donor and to identify associations between microbial composition and abundance and clinicopathological factors in Ethiopian women with BC. We identified 14 microbiota genera in breast tumor tissues that were distinct from NAT tissues, of which , , , , and were most significantly decreased in breast tumors compared to NAT tissues. Several microbial genera significantly differed by clinicopathological factors in Ethiopian women with BC. Specifically, the genus more strongly correlated with aggressive triple negative (TNBC) and basal-like breast tumors. The genera , , , and most strongly correlated with HER2-E tumors. Luminal A and luminal B tumors also correlated with but not as strongly as HER2-E tumors. A relatively higher abundance of the genus most significantly correlated with advanced-stage breast tumors compared to early-stage tumors. This is the first study to report an association between breast microbial dysbiosis and clinicopathological factors in Ethiopian women.
PubMed: 37835588
DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194893 -
BMJ Case Reports Oct 2023A term neonate weighing 2900 g was referred in the first week of life with complaints of abdominal distension since birth. New onset respiratory distress was noted 36...
A term neonate weighing 2900 g was referred in the first week of life with complaints of abdominal distension since birth. New onset respiratory distress was noted 36 hours prior to referral. Baby required non-invasive respiratory support and intravenous antibiotics as chest X-ray was suggestive of pneumonia. Ultrasound abdomen confirmed low ano-rectal malformation treated with cut-back anoplasty. Blood culture on admission grew a rare organism The antibiotics were tailored as per the sensitivity pattern and continued for a duration of 14 days. Respiratory distress gradually resolved by day 10 of admission. The baby developed pneumonia after 36 hours of stay in the referring hospital; most probably indicating a hospital acquired source of this pathogen. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second reported neonatal case of sepsis.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; Delftia acidovorans; Cross Infection; Sepsis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Pneumonia; Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia
PubMed: 37827711
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-256439