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Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of... Mar 2024Additive manufacturing (AM) is widely used to fabricate 3D printed objects from Computer-aided Design (CAD) prepared using the SolidWorks CAD modelling software....
Sketching feasibility of additively manufactured different size gradient conventional hollow capsular shells (HCSs) by selective laser sintering (SLS): From design to applications.
Additive manufacturing (AM) is widely used to fabricate 3D printed objects from Computer-aided Design (CAD) prepared using the SolidWorks CAD modelling software. Different printing techniques are used to fabricate desired 3D objects; among all these techniques, it is widely accepted that SLS is one of the most effective methods of 3D printing for fabricating drug-loaded solid oral dosage forms (SODFs) in bulk quantities using the single-step process. Different SODFs, such as pills, miniprintlets, dual miniprintlets, and tablets, were fabricated with different sizes and shapes. In this study, for the first time, we introduce SLS-mediated hollow capsular shells (HCSs) with the help of the SLS 3D printing technique. This work aimed to explore the sinterability and feasibility of sketching HCSs using the SLS-mediated sintering technique with different marketed sizes of capsules ranging from 000 to 5. Here, we have utilized Kolliphor P 188 (KP 188) and Kollidon SR (KSR) in a 1:1 ratio as a matrix-forming agent and 1% charcoal as a laser absorption-enhancing material. In accordance with the CAD models, we have fabricated the gradient conventional different sizes of HCSs ranging from 000 to 5 using the constant printing parameters and composition. Fabricated all biobased HCSs were subjected to the assessment of mechanistic and physicochemical parameters using varied analytical tools. In the current study, tartrazine dye is used to assess the release pattern from HCSs, which resulted in the modified release pattern. The adapted approach will be the futuristic approach to replace animal-based gelatin capsules with pharmaceutical-grade polymer-based HCSs with a modified release with optimum mechanical strength.
Topics: Animals; Feasibility Studies; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Computer-Aided Design; Polymers; Lasers; Capsules
PubMed: 38224646
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106393 -
International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2023The hybridization of inorganic and organic components is a promising strategy to build functional materials. Among several functions, luminescence is an important...
The hybridization of inorganic and organic components is a promising strategy to build functional materials. Among several functions, luminescence is an important function which should be considered for practical usage. Inorganic-organic hybrid luminescent materials have been investigated as phosphors, sensors, and lasers. Organic luminescent centers such as dye molecules have often been hybridized with inorganic matrices. Polyoxometalate anions (POMs) are effective inorganic luminescent centers due to their luminescent properties and structural designability. However, most luminescent POM components are limited to lanthanide-based POMs. In this report, a photoluminescent inorganic-organic hybrid crystal based on a non-lanthanide POM was successfully synthesized as a single crystal. Anderson-type hexamolybdochromate ([CrMoO(OH)], CrMo) anion exhibiting emission derived from Cr was utilized with -dodecylammonium ([CHNH], CNH) surfactant cation to obtain a photoluminescent hybrid crystal. The grown single crystal of CNH-CrMo comprised a distinct layered structure consisting of inorganic CrMo layers and interdigitated CNH layers. In the CrMo layers, the CrMo anions were associated with water molecules by hydrogen bonding to form a densely packed two-dimensional network. Steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy revealed that the CNH-CrMo hybrid crystal exhibited characteristic emission from the CrMo anion. Preliminary lasing properties were also observed for CNH-CrMo, which shows the possibility of using the CNH-CrMo hybrid crystal as an inorganic-organic hybrid laser.
Topics: Surface-Active Agents; Pulmonary Surfactants; Anions; Lipoproteins; Lanthanoid Series Elements; Lasers; Polyelectrolytes; Osteomyelitis
PubMed: 38203515
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010345 -
Polymers Dec 2023The high-power lasers have important implications for present and future light-based technologies; therefore, the protection measures against their high-intensity...
The high-power lasers have important implications for present and future light-based technologies; therefore, the protection measures against their high-intensity radiation are extremely important. Currently, a great deal of interest is directed towards the development of new nonlinear optical materials for passive optical limiters, which are used to protect the human eye and sensitive optical and optoelectronic devices from laser-induced damage. Biopolymers doped with natural dyes are emerging as a new class of optical materials with interesting photosensitive properties. In this paper, the optical limiting capability of deoxyribonucleic acid bio-polymer functionalized with Turmeric natural dye has been demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The experimental investigation of the optical limit has been done by the Intensity-scan method in the NIR spectral domain at the important telecommunication wavelength of 1550 nm, using ultrashort laser pulses (~120 fs). Several optical properties of this natural dye are presented and discussed. The values of the optical transmittance in the linear regime, the saturation intensity of the nonlinear transmittance curves, and the coefficient of the nonlinear absorption have been determined. The influence of the DNA biopolymer and natural dye concentration on the optical limiting properties of the investigated biomaterials is reported and discussed. The photostability and thermal stability of the investigated solutions have also been evaluated by monitoring the temporal decay of the normalized absorption spectra under illumination with UVA light and heating, respectively. Our results evidence the positive influence of the DNA, which embeds Turmeric natural dye, on the optical limiting functionality itself and on the photostability and thermal stability of this novel material. The performed study reveals the potential of the investigated novel biomaterial for applications in nonlinear photonics, in particular in optical limiting.
PubMed: 38201761
DOI: 10.3390/polym16010096 -
Lasers in Medical Science Jan 2024Dental caries is a multifactorial, non-communicable disease. Effective treatment options for minimally invasive removal of carious tissue include Papacarie Duo® gel and...
Dental caries is a multifactorial, non-communicable disease. Effective treatment options for minimally invasive removal of carious tissue include Papacarie Duo® gel and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). aPDT involves a combination of a light source and photosensitizer. Given that Papacarie Duo® contains a percentage of blue dye, this study aims to explore the antimicrobial potential of Papacarie Duo® when associated with a light source against Streptococcus mutans strains. The chosen light source was a low-power diode laser (λ = 660 nm, E = 3 J, P = 100 mW, t = 30 s). To assess antimicrobial capacity, planktonic suspensions of Streptococcus mutans were plated on Brain Heart Infusion Agar (BHI) to observe the formation of inhibition halos. The studied groups included methylene blue (0.005%), Papacarie Duo®, distilled water (negative control), 2% chlorhexidine (positive control), Papacarie Duo® + laser, and methylene blue (0.005%) + laser. Following distribution onto plates, each group was incubated at 37 °C for 48 h under microaerophilic conditions. Inhibition halos were subsequently measured using a digital caliper. The results showed that chlorhexidine had the greatest antimicrobial effect followed by the group of irradiated methylene blue and irradiated Papacarie Duo®. All experimental groups demonstrated antimicrobial potential, excluding the negative control group. The study concludes that Papacarie Duo® exhibits antimicrobial properties when associated with a low-power diode laser.
Topics: Humans; Chlorhexidine; Dental Caries; Methylene Blue; Photochemotherapy; Anti-Infective Agents; Lasers, Semiconductor
PubMed: 38198068
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-03981-9 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2023Multiple accessory canals make furcation area of primary molars the most common port of entry of bacterial endotoxins to periradicular area. Reduction in permeability...
PURPOSE
Multiple accessory canals make furcation area of primary molars the most common port of entry of bacterial endotoxins to periradicular area. Reduction in permeability can improve prognosis of these teeth. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the effect of 940 nm diode laser and dentin bonding agent on the dye penetration of furcation area in primary molars.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Thirty teeth were divided into three groups, that is, Group 1 (control group), Group 2 (dentin bonding agent applied over floor of pulp chamber), and Group 3 (diode laser irradiated over floor of pulp chamber). The samples were prepared and seven from each group were tested by dye penetration and three were sent for scanning electron microscopy. Rise in temperature in the perifurcal area was also recorded at the time of laser irradiation. Dunn's pair-wise comparison analysis was used for the analysis for the difference in dye penetration among the group.
RESULTS
: The maximum rise in temperature recorded postirradiation was 6.9C. Dye penetration was significantly reduced in Group 2 Dentin bonding group (DBG) as compared to control group (P = 0.0025). Reduction in permeability was observed in Group 3 Laser group (LG) but this was not statistically significant (P = 0.197). Scanning electron microscope revealed open dentinal tubules in Group 1. There were no open dentinal tubules in Group 2, while Group 3 had sealed dentinal tubules with glass-like surface over the region.
CONCLUSION
Dentin bonding agent led to substantial decrease in dye penetration of furcation area of primary molars. This method should be evaluated clinically to improve successful pulpectomy procedures of primary molars.
Topics: Lasers, Semiconductor; Permeability; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Molar
PubMed: 38197348
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_731_21 -
Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology May 2024Comedone extraction provides greater satisfaction for acne treatment than conventional treatment alone; however, post-comedone extraction erythema (PCEE) remains a... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Comedone extraction provides greater satisfaction for acne treatment than conventional treatment alone; however, post-comedone extraction erythema (PCEE) remains a concern for patients.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the efficacy of pulsed-dye laser (PDL) in PCEE and comedone reduction.
METHODS
Mild-to-moderate acne patients were randomly allocated in split-face fashion. Three comedones were extracted on each facial side. On the PDL-treated side, 595-nm PDL was delivered to the entire side with an additional shot on three comedone-extracted sites. Erythema index (EI) and total acne lesion counts (TALC) were evaluated at baseline, week 2 and 4. The comprehensive acne severity scale (CASS) was assessed by three blinded independent pediatric dermatologists. Participant satisfaction surveys were completed at the end of the study.
RESULTS
Thirty-five participants (age 12.9-24.2 years) showed no differences in the EI and TALC at baseline on both sides. At weeks 2 and 4, the EI on the PDL-treated side was significantly lower (p < 0.001) with a greater EI reduction (p < 0.001) when compared to the control side regardless of gender and menstruation. There was significantly lower TALC on the PDL-treated side at week 2 (p < 0.001) and week 4 (p = 0.02). No complications were noted with high participant satisfaction reported (median 8; IQR 7-9). PDL remained significantly associated with EI improvements after controlling for gender, menstruation cycle, and examination stress.
CONCLUSION
PDL can be an adjunctive intervention for the treatment of PCEE and comedone reduction due to its effectiveness and high participant satisfaction.
Topics: Humans; Female; Lasers, Dye; Erythema; Male; Young Adult; Patient Satisfaction; Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Child; Severity of Illness Index; Treatment Outcome; Low-Level Light Therapy
PubMed: 38192163
DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16178 -
The Australasian Journal of Dermatology May 2024Xanthoma disseminatum is a rare form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis with limited treatment options due to its unknown aetiology and diffuse skin lesions. This case...
Xanthoma disseminatum is a rare form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis with limited treatment options due to its unknown aetiology and diffuse skin lesions. This case report presents the successful treatment of a 31-year-old male with severe pan-facial xanthoma disseminatum lesions following a facial burn and traumatic brain injury resulting from a car accident. After 5 sessions of monthly pulsed dye laser treatment, there was a clinically significant reduction in the lesions. Over the course of 3 years, the patient underwent a series of monthly pulsed dye laser treatments, and the lesions were almost cleared. These findings suggest that pulsed dye laser therapy may offer an effective treatment option for managing xanthoma disseminatum. This is the first report on use of the pulsed dye laser for treatment of xanthoma disseminatum.
Topics: Humans; Male; Adult; Lasers, Dye; Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell; Burns; Facial Injuries; Facial Dermatoses; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Accidents, Traffic; Low-Level Light Therapy
PubMed: 38189545
DOI: 10.1111/ajd.14209 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica Jan 2024Utilization of lasers and energy-based devices for surgical scar minimization has been substantially evaluated in placebo-controlled trials. The aim of this study was to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Utilization of lasers and energy-based devices for surgical scar minimization has been substantially evaluated in placebo-controlled trials. The aim of this study was to compare reported measures of efficacy of lasers and energy-based devices in clinical trials in preventing surgical scar formation in a systematic review and network meta-analyses. Five electronic databases, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Library, were searched to retrieve relevant articles. The search was limited to randomized controlled trials that reported on clinical outcomes of surgical scars with treatment initiation no later than 6 months after surgery and a follow-up period of at least 3 months. A total of 18 randomized controlled trials involving 482 participants and 671 postsurgical wounds were included in the network meta-analyses. The results showed that the most efficacious treatments were achieved using low-level laser therapy) (weighted mean difference -3.78; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) -6.32, -1.24) and pulsed dye laser (weighted mean difference -2.46; 95% CI -4.53, -0.38). Nevertheless, low-level laser therapy and pulsed dye laser demonstrated comparable outcomes in surgical scar minimization (weighted mean difference -1.32, 95% CI -3.53, 0.89). The findings of this network meta-analyses suggest that low-level laser therapy and pulsed dye laser are both effective treatments for minimization of scar formation following primary closure of surgical wounds with comparable treatment outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Network Meta-Analysis; Cicatrix; Lasers, Dye; Databases, Factual; Low-Level Light Therapy
PubMed: 38189223
DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v104.18477 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Mar 2024Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is characterized by the presence of telangiectases and larger arteriovenous malformations in different organs. Mucocutaneous... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparative Treatment of Mucocutaneous Lesions in Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia Patients With Dual Sequential Pulsed Dye Laser and Neodymium: Yttrium-Aluminium-Garnet Versus Neodymium: Yttrium-Aluminium-Garnet Laser Alone: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study With Quality-of-Life...
BACKGROUND
Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is characterized by the presence of telangiectases and larger arteriovenous malformations in different organs. Mucocutaneous telangiectases can bleed and become an aesthetic concern, impairing quality of life (QoL). However, the best treatment approach has not been defined yet.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dual wavelength sequential 595/1064nm laser (DWSL) compared to 1064nm laser (Nd:YAG) alone. Secondarily, to evaluate QoL impairment in HHT patients, and its improvement with laser therapy.
METHODS
A comparative randomized split-body double-blinded prospective study (DWSL vs Nd:YAG). Demographic, clinical and treatment characteristics were recorded. The severity and degree of improvement were evaluated by three blinded examiners who scored pre-treatment and post-treatment pictures on a 5-point scale. Patients fulfilled Skindex-29 and FACE-Q® tests and assessed procedure-associated pain and patient satisfaction.
RESULTS
111 treatment areas (55 treated with DWSL and 56 with Nd:YAG) from 26 patients were analyzed. The median number of laser sessions was 2 (interquartile range [IQR] 2-4; mean 2.90 vs 2.88, respectively). The median improvement score, irrespective of location, was significantly higher for Nd:YAG compared to DWSL: 3 (IQR 2-3; mean 2.61) vs 2 (IQR 2-3; mean 2.32), p=0.031. Both FACE-Q index and Skindex-29 test results improved significantly (p<0.001), and 92.4% patients reported a high degree of satisfaction (≥8). No severe adverse events were reported.
CONCLUSIONS
DWSL and Nd:YAG laser are convenient, safe and effective treatment options for mucocutaneous telangiectases in HHT patients. However, Nd:YAG delivered better results with better tolerability. QoL was significantly improved by both treatments.
Topics: Humans; Aluminum; Lasers, Dye; Lasers, Solid-State; Neodymium; Prospective Studies; Quality of Life; Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic; Telangiectasis; Treatment Outcome; Yttrium
PubMed: 38185205
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2024.01.003 -
Lasers in Medical Science Dec 2023Reducing treatment time is one of the most important trends in modern dentistry. This study aimed to compare the micro-leakage around the resin sealants when using both...
Reducing treatment time is one of the most important trends in modern dentistry. This study aimed to compare the micro-leakage around the resin sealants when using both high and conventional intensity light-curing systems. The study sample consisted of 30 extracted human maxillary premolar teeth that were divided into two equal groups according to the light-curing system used: Group 1, High-Intensity Light-Curing System and Group 2, Conventional Light-Curing System. Light-curing by Woodpecker I-LED device with two intensities (high and conventional) has been used. All teeth were subjected to 500 cycles of thermocycling. Then, a methylene blue dye microleakage test was performed, and the teeth were sectioned longitudinally and studied under a stereo microscope. The mean of micro-leakage in the high-intensity group (1.33 ± 1.29) was less than in the conventional intensity group (1.63 ± 1.29) without any statistically significant differences (p = 0.320). The high-intensity light-curing system mode may be a good and acceptable alternative to conventional intensity light-curing system mode in polymerization of pits and fissure sealants.
Topics: Humans; Composite Resins; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Curing Lights, Dental; Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives; Bicuspid; Dental Leakage
PubMed: 38159193
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03963-3