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Health Care For Women International 2022Our aim in this study was to determine the prevalence of cyclical and noncyclical mastalgia, its underlying risk factors, and to examine its effect on women's quality of...
Our aim in this study was to determine the prevalence of cyclical and noncyclical mastalgia, its underlying risk factors, and to examine its effect on women's quality of life. This study was conducted on 415 women, among whom the prevalence of mastalgia was found as 20.7%. It was found that experiencing intense stress, daily coffee and chocolate consumption, breast surgery history and the menstruation pattern were risk factors associated with mastalgia. Some domains of quality of life were found to be negatively affected in women who had mastalgia. Awareness among women about the risk factors of mastodynia and lifestyle changes is needed to improve mastalgia management.
Topics: Female; Humans; Mastodynia; Prevalence; Quality of Life; Risk Factors
PubMed: 33764860
DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2021.1887194 -
Gynecologie, Obstetrique, Fertilite &... May 2021Breast pain is a concern in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, quantifiable using validated tools, and may pre-exist or appear after initiation of a HRT.
UNLABELLED
Breast pain is a concern in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, quantifiable using validated tools, and may pre-exist or appear after initiation of a HRT.
OBJECTIVES
A review of the literature was conducted to evaluate the frequency of breast pain, its evolution with age, its changes under HRT, its link with a possible risk of subsequent breast cancer, and the diagnostic (breast imaging) or therapeutic management modalities (pharmacological or other) in women taking HRT.
METHOD
A review of the literature was carried out by consulting Medline, Cochrane Library data and international recommendations in French and English up to the end of 2019.
RESULTS
Published data confirm the importance of breast pain in relation to breast cancer risk. Women with breast pain prior to or related to the use of HRT have a significantly increased risk of breast cancer compared to women without breast pain. The risk is increased in cases of moderate to severe breast pain. In the presence of diffuse breast pain without abnormalities on clinical examination, it is not recommended to change the usual indications for screening, whether organized or individual. For focal breast pain, breast imaging (mammography and possibly ultrasound) is recommended. In the absence of abnormalities on breast imaging, a reassuring dialogue has to take place. With regard to HRT, doses of estrogens should be reduced until the breast pain decreases, or even stop the HRT if this symptom persists despite the use of low doses. Wearing a bra brassiere-type can also reduce breast pain.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Mastodynia; Menopause; Postmenopause; Referral and Consultation
PubMed: 33757920
DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2021.03.027 -
Climacteric : the Journal of the... Jun 2021Hormone replacement therapy in menopause is used to improve climacteric syndrome in women whose quality of life is affected. However, given the wide variety of...
Hormone replacement therapy in menopause is used to improve climacteric syndrome in women whose quality of life is affected. However, given the wide variety of progestogens available, it is important to evaluate their differential benign changes (radiological, cellular, and clinical) on the breast. This review aimed to determine the different benign changes of progestogens used in postmenopausal combined hormone therapy on the breast (radiological, cellular, and clinical), in women without mammary pathology, in order to establish their safety profile. A systematic review of the literature was carried out with a balanced search strategy for the identification of relevant references in the MEDLINE, BVSalud, EMBASE, ProQuest, and Cochrane databases until November 2019. The search terms used were 'menopause' or 'hormonal replacement therapy' or 'progestins' or 'estrogen' or 'mastodynia' or 'benign breast disease' or 'mammography'. Data were collected from the 'eligible' articles by two researchers (ARF and SHA), and possible discrepancies in inclusion were resolved by consensus. A total of 1886 articles were identified; 60 full-text articles were reviewed, and 17 articles that met the inclusion criteria were included for the qualitative analysis. In conclusion, combined hormone replacement therapy is associated with benign effects on the breast, such as mastodynia and increased mammographic density.
Topics: Breast; Breast Density; Breast Diseases; Estrogen Replacement Therapy; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Postmenopause; Progestins
PubMed: 33733982
DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2021.1879779 -
Complementary Therapies in Clinical... May 2021and Purpose: Breast pain is a common condition presented at breast care clinics and bras are often recommended to reduce symptoms, although criteria and pathways for... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
and Purpose: Breast pain is a common condition presented at breast care clinics and bras are often recommended to reduce symptoms, although criteria and pathways for obtaining appropriate bras are limited. This multi-study, randomised controlled trial (RCT) aimed to establish criteria and performance variables to prescribe bras for breast pain patients, to implement this bra prescription, and evaluate whether, compared to standard care alone, the bra prescription improves breast pain and quality of life (QoL).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eighteen breast pain patients from a UK hospital were assigned to standard care or bra prescription groups and completed the study. Bra prescription patients were prescribed a bra to wear every day for eight weeks. Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), breast pain intensity, QoL, and adherence were assessed.
RESULTS
Between-groups there were no differences in baseline breast pain or QoL and no differences in PGIC or breast pain following the intervention. Within-groups, improvements in QoL within bra prescription patients were identified.
CONCLUSION
This study developed a framework for bra prescription for breast pain patients and the intervention demonstrated improvements in QoL.
Topics: Breast; Humans; Mastodynia; Prescriptions; Quality of Life
PubMed: 33691268
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101346 -
Cureus Jan 2021Mastalgia is one of the most common breast disorders and may adversely affect a person's daily activities and health-related quality of life, along with possible...
BACKGROUND
Mastalgia is one of the most common breast disorders and may adversely affect a person's daily activities and health-related quality of life, along with possible psychological discomfort. In our study, we investigated whether there is a relationship between mastalgia and anxiety and depression.
METHODS
In this prospective study, patients with mastalgia comprised the mastalgia group (n=130) and those without any complaints were included as the control group (n=128). Sociodemographic characteristics such as age, marital status, and educational level were recorded. Both groups were evaluated using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).
RESULTS
The mean age of the participants was 34.45 ± 6.06 years for the mastalgia group and 35.15 ± 6.39 years for the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of age (p = 0.371), marital status (p = 0.336), job status (p = 0.320) or educational level (p = 0.285). However, the anxiety scale and depression scale scores were significantly higher in the mastalgia group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). In addition, the evaluation showed that the BAI and BDI scores were significantly high in the cyclic mastalgia group (p < 0.001). The correlation analyses of the patient group revealed that there was a positive correlation between duration of disease and BAI and BDI scores [(r=0.453, p<0.001); (r=0.228, p=0.009), respectively]. Similarly, there was a positive correlation between educational level and BAI and BDI scores [(r=0.579, p<0.001); (r=0.523, p<0.001), respectively].
CONCLUSION
In our study, anxiety and depression were found to be more common in mastalgia patients than healthy controls for various reasons. Thus, physicians should look for any signs of psychological discomfort in patients presenting with mastalgia and, if necessary, consult a psychiatrist.
PubMed: 33614336
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12734 -
Acupuncture in Medicine : Journal of... Oct 2021
Topics: Acupuncture Therapy; Adult; COVID-19; Female; Humans; Mastodynia; Needles; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; SARS-CoV-2; Self Care; Skin Diseases, Infectious
PubMed: 33550819
DOI: 10.1177/0964528420972124 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2021The aim of this study is to compare patients with and without mastalgia and to analyze the factors affecting mastalgia and its severity. The patient's age, height,...
The aim of this study is to compare patients with and without mastalgia and to analyze the factors affecting mastalgia and its severity. The patient's age, height, weight, educational status, marital status, and occupation were recorded in all subjects. In addition, the women were asked about the presence of any risk factors for mastalgia, such as tea and coffee consumption, smoking, alcohol consumption, and weight gain. The sternal notch to nipple distance (SNND) was measured to determine whether there was breast sagging. Mastalgia was significantly more common in women with BMIs of > 30 kg/m (OR: 2.94, CI 1.65-5.24), those who were primary school graduates or illiterate (OR: 2.96, CI 1.6-5.46), and those with SNND values of 22-25 cm (OR: 2.94, CI 1.79-4.82). In these women, drinking more than 6 cups of tea a day (OR: 2.15, CI 1.32-3.5), smoking at least 10 cigarettes a day (OR: 2.94, CI 1.78-4.83), and drinking alcohol at least once a week (OR: 2.1, CI 1.12-3.91) were found to be important factors that increased the risk of mastalgia. As a result, it has been found that severe mastalgia complaints cause by obesity, sagging breasts, never giving birth, unemployment anxiety, regular smoking, alcohol use, and excessive tea consumption.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Life Style; Mastodynia; Middle Aged; Obesity; Risk Factors; Smoking; Young Adult
PubMed: 33514830
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82099-2 -
Breastfeeding Medicine : the Official... Apr 2021Health care providers treating lactating women for nipple and breast pain often attribute symptoms to infection. However, multiple other conditions may present with...
Health care providers treating lactating women for nipple and breast pain often attribute symptoms to infection. However, multiple other conditions may present with pain, erythema, and pruritis. We explored the experience of a breastfeeding medicine practice that received referrals for patients failing antifungal therapy and who desired further evaluation for alternative diagnoses. We conducted a retrospective chart review of breastfeeding women referred for evaluation of "yeast" to a breast surgery/breastfeeding medicine practice from July 2016 to August 2019. Twenty-five women met inclusion criteria. Median age was 33 (range 24-43) and median months postpartum was 4 (range 0.5-18). All 25 women reported minimal to no improvement on oral and/or topical antifungal therapy. In addition to history and examination, milk culture was obtained in four women, punch biopsy in one, and core needle biopsy in one. No woman was confirmed to have a diagnosis of . Diagnoses were changed to the following: subacute mastitis/mammary dysbiosis ( = 8), nipple bleb ( = 6), dermatitis ( = 6), vasospasm ( = 2), milk crust ( = 1), hyperlactation ( = 1), and postpartum depression ( = 1). Treatment included discontinuation of antifungal medication, as well as the following per individual diagnoses: antibiotics and probiotics; 0.1% triamcinolone cream; heat therapy; discontinuation of exclusive pumping; and antidepressant medication and counseling referral. All women experienced resolution of symptoms following revision of diagnosis and change in management (range 2-42 days). While persistent nipple and breast pain in breastfeeding is often attributed to , this cohort demonstrates that providers should consider multiple other conditions in their differential diagnosis. Accurate, timely diagnosis is crucial, as pain is a risk factor for premature cessation of breastfeeding. Symptomatic resolution occurs on appropriate therapy.
Topics: Breast Diseases; Breast Feeding; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Lactation; Mastodynia; Nipples; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 33305975
DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2020.0160 -
Breastfeeding Medicine : the Official... Mar 2021Nipple pain is a common cause of early cessation of breastfeeding. A nipple shield (shield) is often used to improve breastfeeding comfort. There are concerns that... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Nipple pain is a common cause of early cessation of breastfeeding. A nipple shield (shield) is often used to improve breastfeeding comfort. There are concerns that shield use may limit milk transfer. The aims of this study were to determine whether shield use reduces milk transfer and maternal nipple pain. A within-subject study of two groups of breastfeeding dyads (infants <6 months) was conducted; Control Group (CG): no breastfeeding difficulties; Pain Group (PG) shield used for nipple pain. There were two monitored sessions where shield use was randomized. Test weights and pain questionnaires were completed, and percentage of available milk removed (PAMR) was calculated. Twenty-five PG (6 ± 4 postnatal weeks) and 34 CG (9 ± 6 postnatal weeks) had similar 24-hour milk production (PG: 676 ± 239 mL, CG: 775 ± 162 mL, = 0.083). PG mean milk transfer volume and PAMR did not differ with shield use (no shield: 46 mL, 59%; shield: 40 mL, 53%, volume = 0.38, PAMR = 0.64). CG mean volume and PAMR were reduced with shield use (no shield: 65 mL, 64%; shield: 31 mL, 33%, volume < 0.001, PAMR < 0.001). PG pain scores were similar with and without shield use (Visual Analog Scale = 0.44, McGill = 0.97). Shield use did not impact either milk production or milk transfer in breastfeeding women experiencing nipple pain.
Topics: Animals; Breast Feeding; Female; Humans; Infant; Mastodynia; Milk; Nipples; Protective Devices
PubMed: 33305973
DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2020.0110 -
Radiation Oncology (London, England) Oct 2020Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) improves dose homogeneity and late toxicity compared to simple tangential techniques in adjuvant whole-breast radiotherapy for... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Acute toxicity of normofractionated intensity modulated radiotherapy with simultaneous integrated boost compared to three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy with sequential boost in the adjuvant treatment of breast cancer.
BACKGROUND
Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) improves dose homogeneity and late toxicity compared to simple tangential techniques in adjuvant whole-breast radiotherapy for patients with breast cancer. Simultaneous-integrated boost (SIB) radiotherapy shortens the overall treatment time and improves dose homogeneity. However, prospective randomized trials regarding IMRT with SIB for adjuvant radiotherapy in breast cancer are lacking.
METHODS
The IMRT-MC2 (MINT) trial is a phase III prospective randomized controlled trial comparing IMRT with SIB (Arm A: whole breast 28 × 1.8 Gy, Boost 28 × 2.3 Gy) to 3D-conformal radiotherapy with a sequential boost (Arm B: whole breast 28 × 1.8 Gy, boost 8 × 2 Gy) in patients with breast cancer after BCS. Indication for boost radiotherapy was defined as age < 70 years or age > 70 years with presence of additional risk factors. This is a retrospective analysis of acute toxicity at one of two trial sites.
RESULTS
Five hundred two patients were randomized, of which 446 patients were eligible for this analysis. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of any grade radiation dermatitis between the two treatment arms at the end of treatment (p = 0.26). However, radiation dermatitis grade 2/3 (29.1% vs. 20.1 and 3.5% vs. 2.3%) occurred significantly more often in Arm A (p = 0.02). Breast/chest wall pain at the first follow-up visit was significantly more common in patients treated on Arm B (p = 0.02).
CONCLUSIONS
Treatment on both arms was well tolerated, however there were some differences regarding radiodermatitis and breast pain. Further analyses are ongoing.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
clinicaltrials.gov , NCT01322854 , registered 24th March 2011.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Mastodynia; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Radiodermatitis; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Radiotherapy, Conformal; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated; Re-Irradiation; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 33050920
DOI: 10.1186/s13014-020-01652-x