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Schweizer Archiv Fur Tierheilkunde Jun 2024Two six-month old female Lacaune lambs with severe skeletal malformations of both front limbs were presented to the Department of Farm Animals, University of Zurich. The...
Two six-month old female Lacaune lambs with severe skeletal malformations of both front limbs were presented to the Department of Farm Animals, University of Zurich. The clinical examination showed alert animals with a high body weight and body condition score as well as a valgus deformation without pain or swelling. Radiographic examination showed severe irregularities in the epiphysial plate of the metacarpal bones in both lambs. Delayed growth in the lateral aspects of the physis was evident and resulted in valgus deformation. Nutritional causes were considered as the main reason for this presentation and a nutritional consultation was performed by the Institute of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Zurich. The estimated energy intake of these lambs was 65 % higher than the recommended maximum for growing sheep and the estimated vitamin D content of the diet was 71 % below the recommended allowance. Both animals were euthanized, and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) was performed postmortem to measure total bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular bone mineral density (tBMD) and cortical bone mineral density (cBMD) of the left and right metatarsal bone of both animals. The BMD and the tBMD at 10 % of bone length were below the reference values and the BMD at 50 % was above the reference values. In addition, postmortem examination revealed a Salter-Harris-Typ-1 facture in the right caput humeri of one lamb. Histological evaluation showed defects in the articular cartilage with an eburnation in the metacarpal region and a disrupted area of columnar cartilage. This case report supports the fact that a high dietary energy intake leads to damage to the cartilage and the epiphyseal zone in sheep. In addition, insufficient dietary vitamin D intake contributed to the incomplete bone mineralization, as well as delayed growth and skeletal malformation.
Topics: Animals; Female; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; Bone Density; Diet
PubMed: 38807435
DOI: 10.17236/sat00426 -
Journal of Animal Science Jan 2024The present study sought to assess the effects of manganese complexes with lysine and glutamic acid (Mn-LG) as manganese (Mn) sources on growth performance, trace...
Effects of a manganese complex with lysine and glutamic acid on growth performance, manganese deposition, and emission, antioxidant capacity and metacarpal strength in weaned piglets.
The present study sought to assess the effects of manganese complexes with lysine and glutamic acid (Mn-LG) as manganese (Mn) sources on growth performance, trace element deposition, antioxidant capacity, and metacarpal strength in weaned piglets. The study involved 288 healthy Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire piglets that were weaned at 25 to 28 d of age and weighed 8.66 ± 0.96 kg. These piglets were randomly divided into six groups: a control group (Mn-LG-0, receiving a basal diet without Mn supplementation), a Mn sulfate group (basal diet supplemented with 40 mg·kg-1 diet of Mn, Mn-S-40 group), and four Mn-LG groups (Mn-LG-20, Mn-LG-40, Mn-LG-60, Mn-LG-80, supplemented with 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg·kg-1 Mn from Mn-LG in the basal diet). Grouping began at weaning on the 0th day of the experiment. The corn-soybean-based basal diet during the early (days 0 to 14) and late (days 15 to 42) phases of the experiment contained 20.88 and 30.12 mg·kg-1 Mn, respectively. Blood samples were collected on days 14 and 42, and pigs were sacrificed for sample collection on day 42. The results indicated no significant differences in average daily gain, average daily feed intake, or feed-to-gain ratio among the groups (P > 0.05). The diarrhea rates of all Mn-LG groups and the Mn-S-40 group were significantly lower in the 0 to 14 d and during the entire experimental period than in the Mn-LG-0 group (P < 0.001). The Mn-LG-40 group exhibited a significant increase in liver Mn concentration and serum Mn superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity on day 42 (P < 0.01), as well as a significant decrease in fecal Mn concentration (P < 0.05), compared to those of the Mn-S-40 group. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were detected in the serum, liver, and fecal Mn concentrations, as well as in the serum and liver Mn-SOD activity, across the different Mn-LG groups. The serum and fecal Mn concentrations and serum Mn-SOD activity increased linearly or quadratically (P < 0.01) with increasing Mn-LG supplementation. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found in kidney, heart, or metacarpal bone Mn concentrations or in bone strength indices. In summary, compared with the Mn-LG-0 diet, dietary supplementation with Mn-LG enhanced serum Mn deposition and Mn-SOD activity and decreased the incidence of diarrhea. Additionally, the fecal Mn concentration was lower in the Mn-LG group than in the inorganic group at equivalent dosages.
Topics: Animals; Lysine; Animal Feed; Manganese; Diet; Antioxidants; Dietary Supplements; Swine; Glutamic Acid; Male; Female; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Weaning; Random Allocation; Metacarpal Bones
PubMed: 38795007
DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae146 -
Life (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024Ulnar dimelia, also known as "mirror hand disorder", is a rare developmental disorder affecting the upper limb. Primarily, it involves the duplication of fingers, carpal...
Ulnar dimelia, also known as "mirror hand disorder", is a rare developmental disorder affecting the upper limb. Primarily, it involves the duplication of fingers, carpal bones, metacarpals, or ulna along the sagittal axis, and is often accompanied by the absence of the radius or thumb. The anomaly presents challenges in both bone and soft tissue development, impacting limb functionality and affecting a child's quality of life. We present the case of a one-year-old girl with unilateral ulnar dimelia. Surgical intervention was considered to address functional and aesthetic concerns. The surgery involved creating an opposable thumb from preaxial fingers through a carefully tailored approach. Post surgical therapy included physiotherapy and psychotherapy to ensure both physical functionality and psychological adjustment. The surgical procedure successfully provided an adequate grip pattern, and the patient demonstrated age-appropriate use of the modified hand at the six-month follow-up. Comparison with similar cases highlights the diversity in ulnar dimelia presentations and the need for customised surgical solutions. The timing of surgery is typically recommended between one and two years, considering both anatomical readiness and the advantages of cerebral plasticity in young patients.
PubMed: 38792609
DOI: 10.3390/life14050588 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... May 2024There is a limited description of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and no information on computed tomographic (CT) findings in the fetlock of non-lame, non-racing sports...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Computed Tomographic and Radiographic Findings in the Metacarpophalangeal Joints of 31 Warmblood Showjumpers in Full Work and Competing Regularly.
There is a limited description of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and no information on computed tomographic (CT) findings in the fetlock of non-lame, non-racing sports horses. This study aimed to document comparative CT, MRI and radiographic findings in the metacarpophalangeal joints of showjumpers in full work. Clinical and gait assessments, low-field MRI, fan-beam CT and radiographic examinations of both metacarpophalangeal joints were performed on 31 showjumpers. Images were analysed descriptively. In most limbs (53/62, 85.5%), there were CT and MRI changes consistent with densification in the sagittal ridge and/or condyles of the third metacarpal bone (McIII). Hypoattenuation (subchondral bone resorption) was seen in CT reconstructions in the metacarpal condyle dorsoproximally (n = 2) and dorsodistally (n = 1), in the sagittal groove (n = 2) and medial fovea (n = 1) of the proximal phalanx. The McIII resorptive lesions were detected on MR images but not the proximal phalanx lesions. None were identified on radiographs. In conclusion, MRI and CT abnormalities previously associated with lameness were seen in the front fetlocks of showjumpers without relevant lameness. Densification in the sagittal ridge and the metacarpal condyles likely reflects an adaptive change to exercise. Subchondral bone resorption may indicate an early stage of disease; follow-up information is needed to establish its clinical significance.
PubMed: 38791635
DOI: 10.3390/ani14101417 -
Cureus Apr 2024Tumors that develop on the chest wall are usually rare. This case report highlights a rare occurrence of a giant cell tumor originating from the anterior arch of the...
Tumors that develop on the chest wall are usually rare. This case report highlights a rare occurrence of a giant cell tumor originating from the anterior arch of the fourth rib. The patient, a 21-year-old male, presented with a bulging mass that had been gradually increasing in size over an eight-month period, reaching dimensions of 12 x 8 cm. Despite the noticeable swelling, the patient reported no associated pain or discomfort and denied any history of weight loss or trauma. The absence of chest pain or cardiovascular symptoms distinguished this case from other chest wall pathologies. This report underscores the importance of considering rare entities such as giant cell tumors in the differential diagnosis of chest wall masses, especially in cases where clinical presentation and patient history do not align with more common conditions.
PubMed: 38774168
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58679 -
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage May 2024To evaluate gender differences in the association between metacarpal cortical thickness (T)-a surrogate for bone density-and severity of radiographic hand osteoarthritis...
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate gender differences in the association between metacarpal cortical thickness (T)-a surrogate for bone density-and severity of radiographic hand osteoarthritis (HOA) in a longitudinal observational study.
METHOD
Hand radiographs of 3575 participants (2039 F/1536 M) from the Osteoarthritis Initiative were assessed at baseline and 48 months. A reader used a semi-automated software tool to calculate T, a measurement of the cortical thickness, for metacarpals 2-4. Average T at baseline and change in T from baseline to 48 months was determined and stratified by gender and age for 7 5-year age groups. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were calculated for the association of baseline T and 2 measures of baseline HOA severity: the sum of Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade and total number of joints with radiographic HOA. Longitudinally, logistic regression was used to assess the relationship of T loss to new finger joint radiographic HOA, increase in KL grades, and incident hand pain.
RESULTS
Male T was higher than females. Significant correlations between T and radiographic severity were noted for women but not men, with stronger associations among women >60 years (rho = -0.25; 95% confidence interval (CI) = -0.31 to -0.19). Statistically significant associations were seen between T change and radiographic osteoarthritis change among women but not men, with substantial gender differences for T change, particularly ages 50 to 70 years (p < 0.01; e.g., T change ages 55 to <60: males = -0.182 (0.118), females = -0.219 (0.124)).
CONCLUSION
We found significant HOA-related gender differences in T, suggesting the involvement of female bone loss during and after menopause.
PubMed: 38768803
DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2024.05.002 -
Cureus Apr 2024Tuberculosis inflicting small bones is infrequently reported, even in endemic countries. A case of isolated involvement of the left second metacarpal in an adult Indian...
Tuberculosis inflicting small bones is infrequently reported, even in endemic countries. A case of isolated involvement of the left second metacarpal in an adult Indian male with no pulmonary involvement is rare and has never been documented before in the medical literature. It's a diagnostic challenge due to non-specific clinical features, absence of constitutional signs of tuberculosis, ambiguity on radiograph films at early stages, and often results in delayed diagnosis. Moreover, it's a paucibacillary disease, and hence, diagnosis can be an arduous task. Herein, a case of a 20-year-old Indian male is presented who came with complaints of pain and swelling with a discharging sinus from the dorsum of his left hand. A detailed evaluation with the isolation of on a cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test helped in the diagnosis and initiation of appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy per his weight.
PubMed: 38765441
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58476 -
The Journal of Hand Surgery... Jun 2024Intramedullary screws (IMS) have become a viable option for metacarpal fracture fixation. To further appraise their utility, this study assessed clinical and...
Intramedullary screws (IMS) have become a viable option for metacarpal fracture fixation. To further appraise their utility, this study assessed clinical and patient-reported short- and medium-term outcomes of IMS fixation for extra-articular metacarpal fractures. A retrospective cohort study was performed in a series of 32 patients (with a total of 37 fractures) who underwent metacarpal fracture fixation over a 42-month period between January 2020 and July 2023. Mean time for return to work was 39.8 days; mean time for return to full function was 88.4 days; total active motion was 250.7° (range: 204.9-270.9); Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score was 2.3 (range: 0-22.7); mean visual analogue pain score was 0.9 out of 10 (range: 0-6) and a single complication was observed. The use of IMS in metacarpal fracture fixation is a practicable surgical option. IMS fixations yields a satisfactory duration for return to function, good postoperative range of movement, modest pain scores and low rates of complications. Level IV (Therapeutic).
Topics: Humans; Metacarpal Bones; Male; Adult; Retrospective Studies; Female; Fractures, Bone; Bone Screws; Middle Aged; Young Adult; Return to Work; Range of Motion, Articular; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary; Adolescent; Recovery of Function; Cohort Studies
PubMed: 38726490
DOI: 10.1142/S2424835524500231 -
Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound : the... May 2024Musculoskeletal ultrasonography is a useful tool to identify radiolucent vegetal foreign bodies (VFBs). However, limited ultrasound experience and unfamiliarity with the...
Musculoskeletal ultrasonography is a useful tool to identify radiolucent vegetal foreign bodies (VFBs). However, limited ultrasound experience and unfamiliarity with the normal sonographic appearance of anatomical structures can decrease clinician confidence. This study aimed to design a reusable silicone model that can teach VFB identification within the canine distal limb. Four canine hindlimbs were used to design the silicone models, and 12 canine distal forelimbs were constructed. The model was constructed using cadaver bones, barley grass (Avena fatua) seeds, and silicone to mimic the anatomy of the canine distal limb with a grass seed VFB. Limbs were randomly grouped based on grass seed locations: (1) the interdigital webbing, (2) the palmar surface of the canine forelimb immediately proximal to the metacarpal pad, (3) the dorsal surface of the distal limb immediately proximal to the proximal phalange, or (4) no grass seed (control) placed. Each limb was systematically ultrasounded and compared with cadaver limbs and clinical VFB cases. A comparison of ultrasonographic images validated the construction, revealing that the simulation model replicates the anatomical and echotexture characteristics of the normal canine distal limb. Furthermore, these models also have a likeness to clinical canine distal limb VFB cases and can be utilized as a training tool.
PubMed: 38712878
DOI: 10.1111/vru.13379 -
JBJS Case Connector Apr 2024Two competitive athletes with isolated comminuted trapezium fractures, sustained during American football and rugby, presented with pain and swelling of the first...
CASES
Two competitive athletes with isolated comminuted trapezium fractures, sustained during American football and rugby, presented with pain and swelling of the first metacarpal base. Computed tomography confirmed isolated comminuted trapezium fractures. Arthroscopic reduction of displacement with screw fixation below the articular surface was performed through a small incision. Both patients returned to their preinjury sports levels within 2 months postoperatively.
CONCLUSION
Arthroscopic treatment of isolated comminuted trapezium fractures achieved accurate reduction of articular surface displacement and preserved trapeziometacarpal joint stability with minimal soft-tissue invasion. This facilitated an early return to contact sports for the affected athletes.
Topics: Humans; Male; Arthroscopy; Athletic Injuries; Fracture Fixation, Internal; Fractures, Comminuted; Trapezium Bone
PubMed: 38709913
DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.CC.24.00029