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Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2024Exploring the effect of SJQJD on the pulmonary microbiota of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) rats through 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing.
OBJECTIVE
Exploring the effect of SJQJD on the pulmonary microbiota of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) rats through 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing.
METHODS
A COPD rat model was constructed through smoking and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, and the efficacy of SJQJD was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbnent Assay (ELISA). The alveolar lavage fluid of rats was subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing. The diversity of lung microbiota composition and community structure was analyzed and differential microbiota were screened. Additionally, machine learning algorithms were used for screening biomarkers of each group of the microbiota.
RESULTS
SJQJD could improve lung structure and inflammatory response in COPD rats. 16s rRNA sequencing analysis showed that SJQJD could significantly improve the abundance and diversity of bacterial communities in COPD rats. Through differential analysis and machine learning methods, potential microbial biomarkers were identified as , , and .
CONCLUSION
SJQJD could improve tissue morphology and local inflammatory response in COPD rats, and its effect may be related to improve pulmonary microbiota.
Topics: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Animals; Microbiota; Lung; Rats; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Bacteria; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
PubMed: 38746785
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1379831 -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... Jul 2024
Topics: Humans; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Switzerland; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Adult
PubMed: 38740137
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2024.05.005 -
International Journal of Infectious... Aug 2024The prevalence of respiratory infectious diseases has changed in the post-COVID-19 epidemic era, and mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in children has attracted wide...
OBJECTIVES
The prevalence of respiratory infectious diseases has changed in the post-COVID-19 epidemic era, and mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in children has attracted wide attention.
METHODS
Children hospitalized for pneumonia in Wuhan, China, in 2023 were enrolled. Respiratory secretions were obtained for the targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) including mutation of MP. Pulmonary inflammation was divided into bronchopneumonia and pulmonary consolidation/atelectasis according to lung computed tomography imaging.
RESULTS
Of the 667 pediatric pneumonia, 478 were MP positive (72%). The positive rate of MP detected by tNGS increased from April, and MP had become the primary pathogen of pneumonia in children in 2023. The 23S rRNA mutations were all A2063G, accounting for 85% of detected MP. The clinical symptoms of the mutant and wild-type strains were similar, with half of them experiencing atelectasis and lung consolidation. Early bronchoscopic lavage combined with azithromycin in pediatric pulmonary consolidation was an effective therapy strategy, which could be an alternative selection to MP pneumonia treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
A2063G mutant strain MP was the primary pathogen of mycoplasma pneumoniae in children recently, which was often complicated by extra-pulmonary symptoms and complications.
Topics: Humans; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; China; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Female; Child; Male; Child, Preschool; Mutation; Infant; RNA, Ribosomal, 23S; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; COVID-19; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Adolescent
PubMed: 38734057
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107074 -
Emerging Microbes & Infections Dec 2024With the atypical rise of infection (MPI) in 2023, prompt studies are needed to determine the current epidemic features and risk factors with emerging trends of MPI to...
With the atypical rise of infection (MPI) in 2023, prompt studies are needed to determine the current epidemic features and risk factors with emerging trends of MPI to furnish a framework for subsequent investigations. This multicentre, retrospective study was designed to analyse the epidemic patterns of MPI before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as genotypes and the macrolide-resistance-associated mutations in sampled from paediatric patients in Southern China. Clinical data was collected from 1,33,674 patients admitted into investigational hospitals from 1 June 2017 to 30 November 2023. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) data were retrieved based on sequence positive samples from 299 paediatric patients for macrolide-resistance-associated mutations analysis. was used to compare categorical variables between different time frames. The monthly average cases of paediatric common respiratory infection diseases increased without enhanced public health measures after the pandemic, especially for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus infection, and MPI. The contribution of MPI to pneumoniae was similar to that in the outbreak in 2019. Compared to mNGS data between 2019-2022 and 2023, the severity of did not grow stronger despite higher rates of macrolide-resistance hypervariable sites, including loci 2063 and 2064, were detected in childhood samples of 2023. Our findings indicated that ongoing surveillance is necessary to understand the impact of post pandemic on transmission disruption during epidemic season and the severity of clinical outcomes in different scenarios.
Topics: Humans; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; China; COVID-19; Child; Retrospective Studies; Child, Preschool; Male; Female; Infant; Macrolides; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; SARS-CoV-2; Adolescent; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Pandemics
PubMed: 38721691
DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2353298 -
Parasites & Vectors May 2024Feline-associated hemotropic Mycoplasma (hemoplasmas) are believed to be transmitted by two primary mechanisms: (1) direct transmission via fighting and (2) vector-borne... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Feline-associated hemotropic Mycoplasma (hemoplasmas) are believed to be transmitted by two primary mechanisms: (1) direct transmission via fighting and (2) vector-borne transmission by the cat flea (Ctenocephalides felis). While the efficiency of transmission by C. felis appears low, most manuscripts focus on the prevalence of hemoplasmas in wild-caught fleas and report either a very low (< 3%) or a high (> 26%) prevalence. Therefore, we aimed to assess the influence of sample processing and PCR methods on C. felis hemoplasma infection prevalence.
METHODS
A systemic review of PubMed articles identified 13 manuscripts (1,531 fleas/flea pools) that met the inclusion criteria (performed PCR for >1 hemoplasma on C. felis collected from cats). Risk of bias was assessed utilizing the ROBINS-E tool. Meta-analysis performed in R of these manuscripts found that not washing samples and a common set of 16S rRNA primers first published in Jensen et al. 2001 were associated with increased hemoplasma prevalence. To evaluate the influence of washing on newly collected fleas, we assessed the hemoplasma status of 20 pools of 5 C. felis each, half of which were washed and half not washed.
RESULTS
Flea washing did not influence the detection of hemoplasma but instead amplified Spiroplasma. To assess non-specific amplification with the Jensen et al. 2001 primers, 67 C. felis samples (34% previously reported hemoplasma infected) were subject to PCR and sequencing. By this method, hemoplasma was detected in only 3% of samples. In the remaining "hemoplasma infected" fleas, PCR amplified Spiroplasma or other bacteria.
CONCLUSIONS
Therefore, we concluded that hemoplasma infection in C. felis is rare, and future flea prevalence studies should sequence all positive amplicons to validate PCR specificity. Further investigation of alternative methods of feline-associated hemoplasma transmission and the ability of C. felis to maintain hemoplasma infection is necessary.
Topics: Animals; Mycoplasma; Ctenocephalides; Cats; Cat Diseases; Mycoplasma Infections; Flea Infestations; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Prevalence; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 38720359
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06292-8 -
Biochemical and Biophysical Research... Jul 2024Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP),as the most commonly infected respiratory pathogen in community-acquired pneumonia in preschool children,has becoming a prominent factor...
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP),as the most commonly infected respiratory pathogen in community-acquired pneumonia in preschool children,has becoming a prominent factor affecting children's respiratory health.Currently, there is a lack of easy, rapid, and accurate laboratory testing program for MP infection, which causes comparatively difficulty for clinical diagnostic.Here,we utilize loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) to amplify and characterize the P1 gene of MP, combined with nucleic acid lateral flow (NALF) for fast and visuallized detection of MP.Furthermore, we evaluated and analyzed the sensitivity, specificity and methodological consistency of the method.The results showed that the limit of detection(LoD) of MP-LAMP-NALF assay was down to 100 copys per reaction and there was no cross-reactivity with other pathogens infected the respiratory system. The concordance rate between MP-LAMP-NALF assay with quantitative real-time PCR was 94.3 %,which exhibiting excellent testing performance.We make superior the turnaround time of the MP-LAMP-NALF assay, which takes only about 50 min. In addition, there is no need for precision instruments and no restriction on the laboratory site.Collectively, LAMP-NALF assay targeting the P1 gene for Mycoplasma pneumoniae detection was a easy, precise and visual test which could be widely applied in outpatient and emergency departments or primary hospitals.When further optimized, it could be used as "point-of-care testing" of pathogens or multiple testing for pathogens.
Topics: Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; Humans; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; Sensitivity and Specificity; Limit of Detection; DNA, Bacterial
PubMed: 38714016
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150028 -
The Veterinary Quarterly Dec 2024Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of different treatments for BRD on health and welfare in fattening bulls. A total of 264 bulls were enrolled. Welfare was assessed...
Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of different treatments for BRD on health and welfare in fattening bulls. A total of 264 bulls were enrolled. Welfare was assessed on day 2 (T0) and day 15 (T1) after arrival. A decrease in the welfare level was observed from T0 to T1. All bulls were inspected clinically at T0 and T1 revealing an increase of skin lesions and lameness in T1. In both periods, a high incidence of respiratory disease was observed. A prevalence of 79.55% and 95.45% of using RT-PCR and culture at T0 and T1 respectively was observed. Blood samples were collected for haematology at T0 and T1. At T0, 36 animals were individually treated for BRD with an antimicrobial (IT), 54 received a metaphylactic treatment with tulathromycin (M), 150 received a metaphylactic treatment with tulathromycin plus a second antimicrobial (M + IT) whereas 24 were considered healthy and therefore not treated (NT). Additionally, 128 were treated with a non-steroid anti-inflammatory (NSAID). Neutrophils of M + IT were significantly higher than groups NT and M and the lymphocytes of M + IT were significantly lower than that of IT. White blood cells, neutrophils and N/L ratio of animals treated with an NSAID was significantly higher than that not treated. Lung inspection of 172 bulls at the abattoir indicated that 92.43% presented at least one lung lesion. A statistically significant effect of the NSAID treatment on the lung lesions was observed. Our findings indicate that BRD was a major welfare and health concern and evidence the difficulties of antimicrobial treatment of .
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Male; Cross-Sectional Studies; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Animal Welfare; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Disaccharides; Cattle Diseases; Mycoplasma bovis; Anti-Infective Agents; Mycoplasma Infections; Heterocyclic Compounds; Macrolides
PubMed: 38711265
DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2347928 -
Pediatric Pulmonology Jun 2024Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes community-acquired pneumonia in children and increases asthma risk, but large studies are lacking.
BACKGROUND
Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes community-acquired pneumonia in children and increases asthma risk, but large studies are lacking.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the link between M. pneumoniae infection and to asthma exacerbation, in children with allergies, and age of infection impact.
METHODS
This retrospective cohort study analyzed medical records of South Korean children between January 2002 and December 2017. The study's exposure was hospitalization with an M. pneumoniae-related diagnosis, and the outcome was defined as asthma exacerbation, confirmed by hospitalization at least 6 months after M. pneumoniae infection, with alternative validation using asthma diagnosis and systemic steroid prescription records. Hazard ratios (HRs) for asthma exacerbation risk were estimated for the matched cohort using a Cox proportional hazards model stratified by allergic comorbidities. Time-dependent covariates and age-stratified exposure groups were used to calculate odds ratios.
RESULTS
The study included 84,074 children with M. pneumoniae infection and 336,296 unexposed children. Follow-up for 12.2 ± 2.3 years found the exposed group had a significant risk of asthma exacerbation (HR 2.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.67-3.06) regardless of allergic comorbidities. The risk was highest (over threefold) in children infected between 24 and 71 months. Sensitivity analysis using an alternative definition of the outcome showed an HR of 1.38 (95% CI 1.35-1.42), further supporting the association between M. pneumoniae infection and asthma exacerbation.
CONCLUSION
M. pneumoniae infection was significantly associated with an increased risk of subsequent asthma exacerbation regardless of allergic comorbidities. Further research needed for understanding and confirmation.
Topics: Humans; Asthma; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Female; Retrospective Studies; Male; Child; Republic of Korea; Child, Preschool; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Infant; Age Factors; Adolescent; Disease Progression; Hospitalization; Risk Factors; Proportional Hazards Models
PubMed: 38708969
DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26907 -
Enfermedades Infecciosas Y... 2024
Pitfalls in the interpretation of results returned by multiplex real-time PCR panels in the diagnosis of non-gonococcal male urethritis: The case of Ureaplasma urealyticum.
Topics: Humans; Urethritis; Male; Ureaplasma urealyticum; Ureaplasma Infections; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; Adult; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
PubMed: 38705753
DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.02.012 -
Veterinary Immunology and... Jun 2024The Mycoplasma hyorhinis (Mhr) variable lipoprotein (Vlp) family, comprising Vlps A, B, C, D, E, F, and G, are highly variable in expression, size, and cytoadhesion...
The Mycoplasma hyorhinis (Mhr) variable lipoprotein (Vlp) family, comprising Vlps A, B, C, D, E, F, and G, are highly variable in expression, size, and cytoadhesion capabilities across Mhr strains. The 'Vlp system' plays a crucial role in cytoadhesion, immune evasion, and in eliciting a host immunologic response. This pilot study described the development of Vlp peptide-based ELISAs to evaluate the antigenic reactivity of individual Vlps against Mhr antisera collected throughout a longitudinal study focused on Mhr strain 38983, reproducing Mhr-associated disease under experimental conditions. Specifically, serum samples were collected at day post-inoculation 0, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, 24, 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56 from Mhr- and mock (Friis medium)-inoculated cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived pigs. Significant Mhr-specific IgG responses were detected at specific time points throughout the infection, with some variations for each Vlp. Overall, individual Vlp ELISAs showed consistently high accuracy rates, except for VlpD, which would likely be associated with its expression levels or the anti-Vlp humoral immune response specific to the Mhr strain used in this study. This study provides the basis and tools for a more refined understanding of these Vlp- and Mhr strain-specific variations, which is foundational in understanding the host immune response to Mhr.
Topics: Animals; Lipoproteins; Mycoplasma hyorhinis; Mycoplasma Infections; Swine; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Pilot Projects; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antigens, Bacterial; Swine Diseases; Immunoglobulin G; Female; Bacterial Proteins; Longitudinal Studies
PubMed: 38703559
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110768