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Frontiers in Oncology 2024In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have garnered increasing attention for their potential implications in cancer pathogenesis, functioning either as oncogenes or tumor... (Review)
Review
In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have garnered increasing attention for their potential implications in cancer pathogenesis, functioning either as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Notably, angiosarcoma, along with various other cardiovascular tumors such as lipomas, rhabdomyomas, hemangiomas, and myxomas, has shown variations in the expression of specific miRNA subtypes. A substantial body of evidence underscores the pivotal involvement of miRNAs in the genesis of angiosarcoma and certain cardiovascular tumors. This review aims to delve into the current literature on miRNAs and their prospective applications in cardiovascular malignancies, with a specific focus on angiosarcoma. It comprehensively covers diagnostic methods, prognostic evaluations, and potential treatments while providing a recapitulation of angiosarcoma's risk factors and molecular pathogenesis, with an emphasis on the role of miRNAs. These insights can serve as the groundwork for designing randomized control trials, ultimately facilitating the translation of these findings into clinical applications. Moving forward, it is imperative for studies to thoroughly scrutinize the advantages and disadvantages of miRNAs compared to current diagnostic and prognostic approaches in angiosarcoma and other cardiovascular tumors. Closing these knowledge gaps will be crucial for harnessing the full potential of miRNAs in the realm of angiosarcoma and cardiovascular tumor research.
PubMed: 38826780
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1385632 -
Asian Journal of Surgery May 2024
PubMed: 38824029
DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2024.05.136 -
Journal of Cardiovascular Echography 2024A 56-year-old male presented with a multi-territorial stroke without traditional cerebrovascular risk factors. A transesophageal echocardiogram revealed an intracardiac...
A 56-year-old male presented with a multi-territorial stroke without traditional cerebrovascular risk factors. A transesophageal echocardiogram revealed an intracardiac lesion attached to the lateral wall of the left atria, consistent with an atrial myxoma. Surgical excision of the lesion was performed and revealed that lesion was in fact a papillary fibroelastoma with thrombus attached, which demonstrates a novel mechanism by which intracardiac masses can cause cerebral events.
PubMed: 38818312
DOI: 10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_66_23 -
Cureus Apr 2024Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare, idiopathic, progressive, obstructive, vasculopathy affecting primarily the terminal portions of the intracerebral internal carotid...
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare, idiopathic, progressive, obstructive, vasculopathy affecting primarily the terminal portions of the intracerebral internal carotid arteries, typically at the base of the brain. It is more commonly seen in people of East Asian descent. The moyamoya phenomenon refers to the characteristic appearance of the tangle of fine blood vessels, also described as a puff of smoke. Moyamoya syndrome (MMS) refers to the constriction-induced chronic brain ischemia that is believed to cause overexpression of proangiogenic factors, creating a fragile network of collateral capillaries. MMS refers to the moyamoya phenomenon in the presence of other congenital or acquired disorders. Intracerebral hemorrhage is the leading cause of death for MMS patients. Overall, the prognosis is variable. Cardiac myxoma can cause embolization of tumor cells, plaques, and thrombus, and recurrent thromboembolism can lead to chronic brain ischemia, which can lead to the development of collaterals. There have been cases reported where the moyamoya phenomenon resolved following myxoma resection. Here, we present the case of a female who had intraventricular bleeding and was diagnosed with MMD. Eighteen months later, she presented with shortness of breath and was diagnosed with cardiac myxoma with multiple valvular regurgitations. The myxoma was surgically removed.
PubMed: 38817499
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59381 -
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery May 2024Cardiac hemangiomas are very uncommon benign primary tumors. They are usually located preferentially in the right atrium and their location in the interatrial septum is...
BACKGROUND
Cardiac hemangiomas are very uncommon benign primary tumors. They are usually located preferentially in the right atrium and their location in the interatrial septum is extremely rare.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report the case of a 41-year-old patient who was admitted due to a stroke. The transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a large mass in the right atrium adhered to the interatrial septum. Suspecting an atrial myxoma, surgical intervention was performed confirming that the mass extended within the thickness of the interatrial septum, protruding into the right atrial cavity. The histologic report confirmed a hemangioma.
CONCLUSIONS
Cardiac hemangiomas are rare primary tumors and are usually misdiagnosed as other cardiac tumors. Histopathological examination is essential for a definitive diagnosis.
Topics: Humans; Heart Neoplasms; Adult; Hemangioma; Atrial Septum; Echocardiography; Male; Diagnosis, Differential; Heart Atria; Female
PubMed: 38816838
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-02794-9 -
Cardiovascular Pathology : the Official... May 2024Cardiac myxoma are the most common primary tumor of the heart in adults. In approximately 2-5%, glandular differentiation occurs within these tumors. In the presence of...
Cardiac myxoma are the most common primary tumor of the heart in adults. In approximately 2-5%, glandular differentiation occurs within these tumors. In the presence of glandular features attention must be taken to exclude and prevent a misdiagnosis of cardiac metastases of adenocarcinoma. Nevertheless, the localization in the left atrium, the solitary disposition of the cardiac mass, the histological features and the immunohistochemistry performed, argued against the possibility of a metastatic nature of the tumor. We report the case of an 80-year-old woman, with a prior medical history of breast cancer, that underwent surgery for a cardiac myxoma that histologically showed glandular features. Herein, we highlight the importance of a careful diagnosis of this entity, as it can be easily confused for a metastasis, especially in patients with a history of malignancy.
PubMed: 38815841
DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2024.107663 -
Microvascular Research Jul 2024Cardiac myxoma is the most common primary cardiac tumor in adults. The histogenesis and cellular composition of myxoma are still unclear. This study aims to reveal the...
Cardiac myxoma is the most common primary cardiac tumor in adults. The histogenesis and cellular composition of myxoma are still unclear. This study aims to reveal the role of myxoma cell components and their gene expression in tumor development. We obtained single living cells by enzymatic digestion of tissues from 4 cases of surgically resected cardiac myxoma. Of course, there was 1 case of glandular myxoma and 3 cases of nonglandular myxoma. Then, 10× single-cell sequencing was performed. We identified 12 types and 11 types of cell populations in glandular myxoma and nonglandular myxoma, respectively. Heterogeneous epithelial cells are the main components of glandular myxoma. The similarities and differences in T cells in both glandular and nonglandular myxoma were analyzed by KEGG and GO. The most important finding was that there was active communication between T cells and epithelial cells. These results clarify the possible tissue occurrence and heterogeneity of cardiac myxoma and provide a theoretical basis and guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Topics: Humans; Heart Neoplasms; Myxoma; Single-Cell Analysis; Female; Male; Middle Aged; Epithelial Cells; Biomarkers, Tumor; T-Lymphocytes; Aged; Adult; Cell Communication; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Transcriptome; Phenotype
PubMed: 38801942
DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2024.104697 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... 2024Odontogenic myxomas (OMs) represent asymptomatic, slowly expanding gnathic lesions with aggressive biological behaviour. Though the spectrum of OMs remains classical...
Odontogenic myxomas (OMs) represent asymptomatic, slowly expanding gnathic lesions with aggressive biological behaviour. Though the spectrum of OMs remains classical with multilocular radiolucency and presentation of stellate-shaped cells embedded in a mucoid stroma, they may mimic many other lesions radiographically or histopathologically. We hereby discuss a case of OM in a 28-year-old woman with special emphasis on pathogenesis and differential diagnosis.
PubMed: 38800417
DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_542_22 -
Cureus Apr 2024Atrial myxomas are the most common form of primary benign cardiac tumors. The left atrium is typically the most common location while right atrial myxomas are much rarer...
Atrial myxomas are the most common form of primary benign cardiac tumors. The left atrium is typically the most common location while right atrial myxomas are much rarer and only occur in about 15%-25% of all myxoma patients. Typically, left atrial myxomas have the ability to cause symptoms such as syncope. We report a case of a 67-year-old female who presented with complaints of palpitations, dizziness, and near-syncope that had been ongoing for about a year. Other causes of syncope were investigated and ruled out. A transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) found a large 4.3 x 4.0 cm spherical mass in the right atrium which was confirmed by surgical resection and immunohistochemistry to be a myxoma. The patient's condition of syncope-like symptoms warrants elevating atrial myxomas to a higher position in the diagnostic differential.
PubMed: 38800188
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59070 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Apr 2024Renal embolisms due to cardiac myxomas are extremely rare; the clinical course, treatment, and prognosis of this disease are not established. A 69-year-old Japanese... (Review)
Review
Renal embolisms due to cardiac myxomas are extremely rare; the clinical course, treatment, and prognosis of this disease are not established. A 69-year-old Japanese woman who underwent a nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma 3 years earlier was hospitalized with a right occipital lobe cerebral infarction. Her renal function suddenly worsened 3 days post-admission: her serum creatinine rose from 1.46 mg/dL to 6.57 mg/dL and then to 8.03 mg/dL the next day, and hemodialysis therapy was started. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans showed patchy non-contrasted low-density areas in the right kidney, and chest CT scans and transesophageal ultrasonography revealed a left atrial tumor. We diagnosed renal infarction due to a left atrial myxoma. Hemodialysis and anticoagulant therapy (heparin) were continued, followed by the cardiac myxoma's resection. The patient's renal function gradually improved post-surgery, and the hemodialysis was discontinued. Considering our patient and 19 other case reports of renal infarction associated with cardiac myxoma, the treatment for such a renal infarction and the outcomes differ depending on the embolus site. The poor outcome of abdominal aortic embolism requires a prompt embolectomy, whereas a branch renal artery embolism requires anticoagulation therapy to prevent thrombosis formation around the myxoma.
Topics: Humans; Female; Myxoma; Aged; Heart Neoplasms; Heart Atria; Embolism; Nephrectomy; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Renal Dialysis; Anticoagulants; Kidney
PubMed: 38792877
DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050694