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Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024This study aimed to assess the impact of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven noise reduction algorithms on metal artifacts and image quality parameters in cone-beam...
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to assess the impact of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven noise reduction algorithms on metal artifacts and image quality parameters in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of the oral cavity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This retrospective study included 70 patients, 61 of whom were analyzed after excluding those with severe motion artifacts. CBCT scans, performed using a Hyperion X9 PRO 13 × 10 CBCT machine, included images with dental implants, amalgam fillings, orthodontic appliances, root canal fillings, and crowns. Images were processed with the ClariCT.AI deep learning model (DLM) for noise reduction. Objective image quality was assessed using metrics such as the differentiation between voxel values (ΔVVs), the artifact index (AIx), and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Subjective assessments were performed by two experienced readers, who rated overall image quality and artifact intensity on predefined scales.
RESULTS
Compared with native images, DLM reconstructions significantly reduced the AIx and increased the CNR ( < 0.001), indicating improved image clarity and artifact reduction. Subjective assessments also favored DLM images, with higher ratings for overall image quality and lower artifact intensity ( < 0.001). However, the ΔVV values were similar between the native and DLM images, indicating that while the DLM reduced noise, it maintained the overall density distribution. Orthodontic appliances produced the most pronounced artifacts, while implants generated the least.
CONCLUSIONS
AI-based noise reduction using ClariCT.AI significantly enhances CBCT image quality by reducing noise and metal artifacts, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning. Further research with larger, multicenter cohorts is recommended to validate these findings.
PubMed: 38928694
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14121280 -
Biomedicines May 2024Fixed appliance (FA) therapy predisposes patients to white spot lesions (WSLs). The F-ACP complex (amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles enriched with carbonate and...
Fixed appliance (FA) therapy predisposes patients to white spot lesions (WSLs). The F-ACP complex (amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles enriched with carbonate and fluorine and coated with citrate) has been effective for in vitro enamel remineralization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the F-ACP complex in remineralizing WSLs after FA therapy. One hundred and six adolescents (aged 12-20 years) were randomized into study and control groups after FA therapy. Patients in the study group were advised to use dental mousse containing F-ACP applied within Essix retainers for six months. The presence of WSLs was recorded at baseline (T0), 3 months (T1), and 6 months (T2) according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Visual Plaque Index (VPI) and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI) were recorded. Among 106 study participants, 91 (52 and 39 in study and control groups, respectively) completed the study. The results showed that the ICDAS score was significantly lower ( < 0.001) in the study group than in the control group between T0 and T2. The application of mousse containing the F-ACP complex inside Essix retainers for six months is effective in remineralizing white spot lesions in patients after FA therapy without side effects.
PubMed: 38927409
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061202 -
Characteristics, Treatment, and Prognosis of Pediatric Symphyseal/Parasymphyseal-Condylar Fractures.Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Jul 2024Pediatric condylar fractures combined with symphyseal or parasymphyseal fractures are common but challenging to manage. The authors present fracture characteristics,...
BACKGROUND
Pediatric condylar fractures combined with symphyseal or parasymphyseal fractures are common but challenging to manage. The authors present fracture characteristics, propose a treatment algorithm, and evaluate the treatment prognosis of pediatric symphyseal/parasymphyseal-condylar fractures.
METHODS
A retrospective review was conducted on pediatric patients who underwent treatment for symphyseal/parasymphyseal-condylar fractures in a trauma center between January of 2006 and January of 2021. Demographic and fracture characteristics were recorded. Complications and functional evaluations, including maximum interincisal opening, Helkimo anamnestic index, and clinical dysfunction index, were assessed after at least 1 year of follow-up.
RESULTS
After screening, 104 participants met the inclusion criteria. Among them, 50.96% received open reduction and internal fixation for symphyseal/parasymphyseal fractures and closed treatment for condylar fractures, 45.19% were treated by liquid diet and functional exercise, and the remaining 3.85% with severe malocclusion were treated with the assistance of orthodontic appliances. During follow-up, the average maximum interincisal opening of the patients increased from 17 ± 6.29 mm to 41.64 ± 6.33 mm. No subjective symptoms were observed in 86.54% of the patients and 79.81% showed no or mild clinical symptoms. Except for 1 patient who developed temporomandibular joint ankylosis, no other severe complication was reported. Postfracture remodeling of the nonfractured condyle was noted in 3 cases.
CONCLUSIONS
Pediatric symphyseal/parasymphyseal-condylar fractures present unique biomechanical and anatomic challenges that require special consideration during management. In this study, satisfactory functional prognosis was achieved following implementation of the treatment algorithm.
CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic, IV.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Male; Child; Female; Mandibular Fractures; Mandibular Condyle; Prognosis; Fracture Fixation, Internal; Adolescent; Child, Preschool; Treatment Outcome; Algorithms; Open Fracture Reduction
PubMed: 38923928
DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000010856 -
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Jul 2024
Comparative Study
Topics: Humans; Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; Esthetics, Dental; Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38923927
DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000010910 -
Dentistry Journal Jun 2024This article analyzes differences in microbiological parameters and periodontal health conditions among three patient groups: those undergoing conventional orthodontic...
BACKGROUND
This article analyzes differences in microbiological parameters and periodontal health conditions among three patient groups: those undergoing conventional orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances, patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with clear aligners, and a control group receiving no treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this study, 60 patients were enrolled. The microbiological analysis employed a qualitative and semi-quantitative methodology of bacterial morphotype analysis.
RESULTS
The analyses revealed a significant difference in favor of clear oral and periodontal health aligners. This could be attributed to better bacterial biofilm removal and reduced mechanical stress on the periodontal ligament, factors facilitated by the ease of clear aligner removal. Significant differences (-value < 0.05) were observed for the Full-Mouth Plaque Score, Full-Mouth Bleeding Score, Plaque Index, and periodontal health assessment measurements.
CONCLUSIONS
Although overall hygiene appears to be improved in patients in the aligners group compared to those treated with conventional orthodontic appliances, there are no statistically significant results regarding plaque composition. Microbiological aspects will be further addressed using more specific techniques in the follow-up of this research.
PubMed: 38920869
DOI: 10.3390/dj12060168 -
Journal of Clinical Orthodontics : JCO May 2024
Topics: Humans; Orthodontic Brackets; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 38917045
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Clinical Orthodontics : JCO May 2024
Topics: Humans; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures; Sphenoid Bone; Female; Tooth Movement Techniques; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Male
PubMed: 38917043
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Clinical Orthodontics : JCO May 2024
Topics: Humans; Patient Care Planning; Tooth Movement Techniques; Female; Gingiva; Computer-Aided Design; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable; Orthodontic Appliance Design
PubMed: 38917042
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Clinical Orthodontics : JCO May 2024
Topics: Humans; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures; Molar, Third; Malocclusion, Angle Class III; Female; Tooth Movement Techniques; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Male; Adolescent
PubMed: 38917041
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Clinical Orthodontics : JCO May 2024
Topics: Humans; Orthodontic Wires; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Female; Tooth Movement Techniques; Dental Alloys; Malocclusion; Male; Adolescent
PubMed: 38917040
DOI: No ID Found