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Terapevticheskii Arkhiv Dec 2023A point-of-care glucose testing (POCT) is an essential component of care in patients with hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in inpatient and outpatient settings. In Russian...
BACKGROUND
A point-of-care glucose testing (POCT) is an essential component of care in patients with hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in inpatient and outpatient settings. In Russian medical facilities (MFs), conventional glucose meters designed for self-monitoring by patients with diabetes are commonly used for POCT. These home-use meters have two serious disadvantages: the first is large measurement bias and the second - they can't be integrated into laboratory information systems, so measurement data have to be recorded into patient charts manually. Both factors may lead to medical errors. It is reasonable to use in the MFs specialized POCT glucose meters, as they are superior to conventional ones in accuracy and may be easily connected to laboratory information systems. With this in mind, physicians at the Russian Children's Clinical Hospital decided to substitute conventional meters with the Accu-Chek Inform II POCT meter, however, after preliminary performance assessment of the model.
AIM
To test the Accu-Chek Inform II performance characteristics: accuracy, linearity, repeatability, and mean absolute relative difference (MARD).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Performance of the Accu-Chek Inform II was tested by comparing the results of parallel C measurements with the meter and reference laboratory analyzer in capillary blood samples. Overall, 99 parallel C measurements were made in 45 samples. Accuracy was evaluated according to the ISO 15197-2013 and POCT12-A3 criteria.
RESULTS
The Accu-Chek Inform II meter met the requirements of ISO 15197-2013 and POCT12-A3 and demonstrated high linearity (correlation coefficient, =1,0), good repeatability (mean coefficient of variation, CV=1,38%) and acceptable MARD (4,9%).
CONCLUSION
The Accu-Chek Inform II POCT glucose meter may be efficiently and safely used in inpatient and outpatient MFs and particularly in pediatric clinics.
Topics: Humans; Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Russia; Point-of-Care Systems; Point-of-Care Testing; Reproducibility of Results; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 38785055
DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2023.12.202522 -
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine &... May 2024The relationship between exercise-induced troponin elevation and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is unclear. This observational study assessed... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
The relationship between exercise-induced troponin elevation and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is unclear. This observational study assessed non-obstructive CAD's impact on exercise-induced cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) elevation in middle-aged recreational athletes. cTnI levels of 40 well-trained recreational athletes (73% males, 50 ± 9 years old) were assessed by a high-sensitive cTnI assay 24 h before, and at 3 and 24 h following two high-intensity exercises of different durations; a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), and a 91-km mountain bike race. Workload was measured with power meters. Coronary computed tomography angiography was used to determine the presence or absence of non-obstructive (<50% obstruction) CAD. A total of 15 individuals had non-obstructive CAD (Atherosclerotic group), whereas 25 had no atherosclerosis (normal). There were higher post-exercise cTnI levels following the race compared with CPET, both at 3 h (77.0 (35.3-112.4) ng/L vs. 11.6 (6.4-22.5) ng/L, p < 0.001) and at 24 h (14.7 (6.7-16.3) vs. 5.0 (2.6-8.9) ng/L, p < 0.001). Absolute cTnI values did not differ among groups. Still, the association of cTnI response to power output was significantly stronger in the CAD versus Normal group both at 3 h post-exercise (Rho = 0.80, p < 0.001 vs. Rho = -0.20, p = 0.33) and 24-h post-exercise (Rho = 0.87, p < 0.001 vs. Rho = -0.13, p = 0.55). Exercise-induced cTnI elevation was strongly correlated with exercise workload in middle-aged athletes with non-obstructive CAD but not in individuals without CAD. This finding suggests that CAD influences the relationship between exercise workload and the cTnI response even without coronary artery obstruction.
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Coronary Artery Disease; Female; Troponin I; Exercise Test; Exercise; Adult; Bicycling; Workload; Computed Tomography Angiography; Athletes; Coronary Angiography
PubMed: 38773919
DOI: 10.1111/sms.14667 -
Journal of Sports Sciences Apr 2024We aimed to examine the effects of Ramadan fasting (RF) and high-intensity short-term maximal performance on elite soccer players' shooting accuracy, executive function...
We aimed to examine the effects of Ramadan fasting (RF) and high-intensity short-term maximal performance on elite soccer players' shooting accuracy, executive function (EF), and perceptions. Sixteen Muslim elite players fasting during Ramadan underwent assessments before (BR), during (DR), and after Ramadan (AR). Soccer-specific technical performance was evaluated using the Loughborough Soccer Shooting Test (LSST) before and after a 5-metre shuttle run test (5mSRT), conducted at the same time-of-day (17:00 h). Performance metrics recorded included higher distance (HD), total distance (TD), and fatigue index (FI). RPE after a 5-min warm-up and each repetition of the 5mSRT were obtained, and the mean RPE score was calculated. Trail Making Test (TMT Parts A and B) were used after the warm-up and the 5mSRT. Perceived difficulty (PD) was assessed following the LSST. HD, TD, and FI were not affected by RF ( > 0.05). DR, RPE and accuracy scores in the LSST were significantly lower after the 5mSRT compared to BR (1.29 vs. 1.24 AU; 1.29 vs. 1.24, respectively). In conclusion, RF had no adverse effects on physical performance. However, when combined with high-intensity running sessions, RF may impact accuracy and PD, and these adverse effects seem to have been translated into EF.
Topics: Humans; Soccer; Fasting; Islam; Athletic Performance; Young Adult; Cognition; Male; Perception; Executive Function; Adult; Fatigue; Physical Exertion
PubMed: 38771259
DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2357467 -
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal... Jul 2024Acoustic signalling is crucial in affecting movements and in social interactions. In species with dynamic social structures, such as multi-level societies, acoustic... (Review)
Review
Acoustic signalling is crucial in affecting movements and in social interactions. In species with dynamic social structures, such as multi-level societies, acoustic signals can provide a key mechanism allowing individuals to identify and find or avoid each other and to exchange information. Yet, if the spacing between individuals regularly exceeds the maximum signalling range, the relation between movements and signals becomes more complex. As the best-studied songbird in captivity, the zebra finch () is a species with individually distinct songs that are audible over just a few metres and a widely ranging dynamic multi-level social organization in the wild, raising questions on the actual role of its song in social cohesion and coordination. Here, we provide an overview of birdsong in social organizations (networks) and use the ecology of the zebra finch and male song to discuss how singing can facilitate social cohesion and coordination in species where the signal range is very short. We raise the question of the extent to which zebra finches are a representative species to understand the function of song in communication, and we broaden current views on the function of birdsong and its individual signature. This article is part of the theme issue 'The power of sound: unravelling how acoustic communication shapes group dynamics'.
Topics: Animals; Vocalization, Animal; Finches; Social Behavior; Male; Female
PubMed: 38768203
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0191 -
Clinical Cardiology May 2024Semaglutide, a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, has shown promise in weight management and cardiovascular outcomes in other populations. This study...
BACKGROUND
Semaglutide, a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, has shown promise in weight management and cardiovascular outcomes in other populations. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of semaglutide in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients with obesity.
METHODS
A retrospective study analyzed 318 patients with HFpEF, of which 104 received semaglutide and 214 received placebo. Primary endpoints included evaluating changes in exercise capacity and weight management.
RESULTS
Semaglutide treatment led to significant improvements in the primary endpoints. Patients in the semaglutide group demonstrated substantial enhancements in exercise capacity, as measured by the 6-min walk distance, compared to the placebo group (mean difference 15.1 meters, 95% CI 5.8 to 24.4, p = 0.002). Additionally, semaglutide resulted in substantial weight loss compared to placebo (mean difference -2.9%, 95% CI -4.1--1.7, p = 0.001). Several secondary endpoints, including reductions in C-reactive protein levels and improvements in other clinical parameters, further supported the efficacy of semaglutide. Adverse events were generally well-tolerated, with no unexpected safety concerns.
CONCLUSION
Semaglutide demonstrated significant clinical benefits in HFpEF patients with obesity, as evidenced by improved symptoms, physical function, and weight reduction.
Topics: Humans; Glucagon-Like Peptides; Heart Failure; Male; Female; Retrospective Studies; Stroke Volume; Obesity; Treatment Outcome; Aged; Middle Aged; Ventricular Function, Left; Exercise Tolerance; Weight Loss; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; Time Factors; Recovery of Function
PubMed: 38767042
DOI: 10.1002/clc.24283 -
Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular... Oct 2024pH and Cu ion concentration changes are linked to disorders like Alzheimer's and cancer. Rapid detection of pH and Cu ions is critical for public health and...
pH and Cu ion concentration changes are linked to disorders like Alzheimer's and cancer. Rapid detection of pH and Cu ions is critical for public health and environmental concerns. The semi-salamo-type probe (E)-2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde O-(2-(aminooxy)ethyl) oxime (NSS) demonstrated substantial dual-functional performance, sensing pH change and Cu ions. A single excitation and double emission characteristic on the probe NSS made it distinctive. Probe NSS exhibits pH-dependent excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), and its optical properties vary based on the pH environment. Probe NSS detects pH changes from 2 to 11 by changing the "off-on-off" of the excited state intra-molecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism, exhibiting rapid, reversible, and selective responses. In addition, the luminescent salamo-like naphthalene-based probe NSS can coordinate with Cu ions, achieving great selectivity and sensitivity to identify Cu ions with a detection limit of 0.84 ppb (13.2 nM) Probe NSS can detect Cu ions in actual water samples such as tap water and yellow river water. The test strip loaded with probe NSS enabled quick and accurate detection of Cu ions in water samples. Consequently, the versatile salamo-type probe NSS lays the foundation for developing high sensitivity and fast-response dual-mode pH meters as well as Cu sensing.
PubMed: 38763017
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124386 -
BMC Pediatrics May 2024The Modified Shuttle Test-Paeds (Paeds), a recently developed 10-meter Shuttle run test for aerobic capacity in children. This study aims to investigate the construct...
BACKGROUND
The Modified Shuttle Test-Paeds (Paeds), a recently developed 10-meter Shuttle run test for aerobic capacity in children. This study aims to investigate the construct validity (known-group and convergent validity) and test-retest reliability of the recently developed test for cardiorespiratory fitness, the Modified Shuttle Test-Paeds (Paeds).
METHODS
A total of 144 participants (6-12 y) were tested on the Paeds test, and 84 children were tested on the 20-meter Shuttle Run test (20 m-SRT) to assess construct validity. To evaluate test-retest reliability, 46 children were tested twice on the Paeds.
RESULTS
No sex differences were found, but there was an age effect. A strong correlation was found between Paeds and the 20 m-SRT (r=0.78, p < 0.001). The test-retest reliability was good (ICC 0.84; 95% CI 0.74-0.91).
CONCLUSION
Paeds appears to be a reliable and valid tool for estimating cardiorespiratory fitness in typically developing children aged 6-12 years and has the advantages of being shorter, needing less space, not requiring pacing and being self-motivational. More studies are needed to assess whether children reach an aerobic steady state in three minutes and how much of the results of the Paeds test can be explained by the agility component of the task (turning and grasping or aiming a bean bag). For clinical use, psychometric properties should be studied in various patient groups (e.g., ADHD, DCD, and children with intellectual disabilities).
Topics: Humans; Child; Male; Female; Cardiorespiratory Fitness; Reproducibility of Results; Exercise Test
PubMed: 38760698
DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04812-0 -
International Dental Journal May 2024The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bovine trypsin on the adhesion and pH of dental plaque biofilms.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bovine trypsin on the adhesion and pH of dental plaque biofilms.
METHODS
A multispecies dental plaque biofilm model and a single-species dental plaque biofilm model were established in vitro. Three groups were tested: (1) blank control group (aseptic ultrapure water); (2) negative control group (1M Tris-HCl buffer, pH = 7.4); and (3) experimental group (bovine trypsin). Adhesion ability was measured using an automatic microplate reader and visualised by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The pH was measured using a pH meter. The expression of gtfB, gtfC, and gtfD was analysed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS
Adhesion ability in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the blank group and the negative control group (P < .05); readhesion ability in the experimental group was inhibited for a certain period of time (24-hour multispecies biofilms were inhibited from 4 to 8 hours, and the 48- and 72-hour multispecies biofilms were inhibited from 2 to 6 hours; P < .05). The decrease in pH was inhibited for a certain period of time (24-hour multispecies biofilms were inhibited from 2 to 8 hours, and the 48- and 72-hour multispecies biofilms were inhibited from 1 to 8 hours; P < .05). Expression levels of gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, and ldh in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the blank group (P < .05).
CONCLUSIONS
Bacterial adhesion, and readhesion, decreasd pH, and expression of adhesion- and acid-related genes by Streptococcus mutans in biofilms could be reduced by bovine trypsin for a certain period of time.
PubMed: 38760192
DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.04.025 -
Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Jul 2024Walking speed is considered a vital sign of health and better functional outcomes. It is important to assess walking speed both for disease monitoring and before...
BACKGROUND
Walking speed is considered a vital sign of health and better functional outcomes. It is important to assess walking speed both for disease monitoring and before starting rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to examine the reliability, validity, minimal detectable change, and the ideal cutoff time for differentiating patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) who fall from PwMS who do not.
METHODS
This study included 43 PwMS (26 female and 17 male) and 36 healthy controls (23 female and 13 male). The 4-meter walk test (4-MWT) was conducted with the 10-meter walk test (10-MWT), timed up and go (TUG) test, dynamic gait index (DGI), timed 25-foot walk (T25-FW), multiple sclerosis walking scale-12 (MSWS-12), and the expanded disability status scale (EDSS).
RESULTS
Excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.971) was found for the 4-MWT. The SEM value was 0.38 and MDC value was 1.05. The correlations with 4-MWT, 10-MWT, TUG, DGI, T25-FW, MSWS-12, and EDSS were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001). PwMS had longer 4-MWT times than healthy controls, and PwMS fallers had longer 4-MWT times than non-fallers with PwMS (r between 0.668 and -0.858; p < 0.05 for all). In order to distinguish fallers from non-fallers with PwMS, a 4-MWT cutoff time of 4.14 s was shown to be optimal.
CONCLUSION
The 4-MWT was found to be valid and reliable for PwMS. It is concluded that the 4-MWT is a feasible assessment method for clinical and methodological studies of PwMS with mild to moderate disability.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Reproducibility of Results; Multiple Sclerosis; Adult; Walk Test; Middle Aged; Disability Evaluation
PubMed: 38759422
DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105679 -
Biosensors & Bioelectronics Sep 2024Effective wound management has the potential to reduce both the duration and cost of wound healing. However, traditional methods often rely on direct observation or...
Effective wound management has the potential to reduce both the duration and cost of wound healing. However, traditional methods often rely on direct observation or complex and expensive biological testing to monitor and evaluate the invasive damage caused by wound healing, which can be time-consuming. Biosensors offer the advantage of precise and real-time monitoring, but existing devices are not suitable for integration with sensitive wound tissue due to their external dimensions. Here, we have designed a self-powered biosensing suture (SPBS) based on biofuel cells to accurately monitor glucose concentration at the wound site and promote wound healing. The anode of the SPBS consists of carbon nanotubes-modified carbon fibers, tetrathiafulvalene (TTF), and glucose oxidase (GOx), while the cathode is composed of AgO and carbon nanotubes modified nanotubes modified carbon fibers. It was observed that SPBS exhibited excellent physical and chemical stability in vitro. Regardless of different bending degrees or pH values, the maximum power density of SPBS remained above 92%, which is conducive to long-term dynamic evaluation. Furthermore, the voltage generated by SPBS reflects blood glucose concentration, and measurements at wound sites are consistent with those obtained using a commercially available blood glucose meter. SPBS achieves the healing effect of traditional medical sutures after complete healing within 14 days. It offers valuable insights for intelligent devices dedicated to real-time wound monitoring.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Sutures; Wound Healing; Nanotubes, Carbon; Humans; Glucose Oxidase; Equipment Design; Bioelectric Energy Sources; Blood Glucose; Animals; Glucose; Carbon Fiber
PubMed: 38759309
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116365