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Infectious Disease Reports Mar 2022is a Gram-negative bacterium of the genus and is mainly associated with the colonization of structurally abnormal airways. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many...
is a Gram-negative bacterium of the genus and is mainly associated with the colonization of structurally abnormal airways. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many microorganisms have been associated with coinfection and superinfection in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, but so far, no coinfection or superinfection by has been reported. We present the first case describing this association in a previously healthy patient. Clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcomes are shown.
PubMed: 35314655
DOI: 10.3390/idr14020025 -
Canadian Journal of Microbiology Mar 2022In the Tohoku region of Japan, 72% of the land comprises mountain forest zones. During winter, severe climatic conditions include heavy snowfall. In such an environment,...
In the Tohoku region of Japan, 72% of the land comprises mountain forest zones. During winter, severe climatic conditions include heavy snowfall. In such an environment, which is considered high in biodiversity, we assumed that aerobic bacteria would be diverse and would possess the ability to degrade polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In this study, 78 environmental samples were collected from the Tohoku region and 56 aerobic PCB-degrading bacterial strains were isolated. They belonged to the genera , , , , , , , , and . Previously reported aerobic PCB-degrading bacterial strains isolated in Japan belonged to the same genera, except that the genera and were not identified in the present study. In particular, the isolated strains YAZ2 and YU14-111 had high PCB-degrading abilities. Analysis of the sequences of the YAZ2 and YU14-111 strains showed that the gene structures of the operon, which encode enzymes associated with PCB degradation, were the same as those of the sp. KKS102 strain. Moreover, 2,3-biphenyl dioxygenase activity was responsible for the degradation characteristics of all the isolated strains. Overall, this study suggests that aerobic PCB-degrading bacteria are not specifically endemic to the Tohoku region but distributed across Japan.
Topics: Bacteria, Aerobic; Biodegradation, Environmental; Japan; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Rhodococcus
PubMed: 35020498
DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2021-0056 -
Journal of Natural Products Jan 2022Single-strain cultivation of a mountain soil-derived sp. GA02 and its coculture with sp. GA02N produced two aromatic products, gwanakosides A and B ( and ,...
Single-strain cultivation of a mountain soil-derived sp. GA02 and its coculture with sp. GA02N produced two aromatic products, gwanakosides A and B ( and , respectively). Their spectroscopic analysis revealed that is a new dichlorinated naphthalene glycoside and is a pentacyclic aromatic glycoside. The assignment of the two chlorine atoms in was confirmed by the analysis of its band-selective CLIP-HSQMBC spectrum. The sugars in the gwanakosides were identified as 6-deoxy-α-l-talopyranose based on H-H coupling constants, Rotating frame Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (ROESY) NMR correlations, and chemical derivatization followed by spectroscopic and chromatographic analyses. The absolute configuration of , whose production was enhanced approximately 100-fold in coculture, was proposed based on a quantum mechanics-based chemical shift analysis method, DP4 calculations, and the chemically determined configuration of 6-deoxy-α-l-talopyranose. Gwanakoside A displayed inhibitory activity against pathogenic bacteria, including (MIC = 8 μg/mL) and (MIC = 15 μg/mL), and antiproliferative activity against several human cancer cell lines (IC = 5.6-19.4 μM).
Topics: Humans; Burkholderiaceae; Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Coculture Techniques; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycobacterium; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Quantum Theory; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptomyces
PubMed: 34931849
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00703 -
Cureus Nov 2021Among patients infected with respiratory viruses, primary coinfection or secondary bacterial pneumonia is common in the severely ill. are multi-drug resistant...
Among patients infected with respiratory viruses, primary coinfection or secondary bacterial pneumonia is common in the severely ill. are multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacilli that have been newly classified in the past 20 years. We present the first reported case of co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 infection. A critically ill gentleman with COVID-19 in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requiring mechanical ventilation developed ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (VAP). Initial sputum cultures grew species, with subsequent cultures growing , as well. The patient failed to improve despite several antibiotic regimens including meropenem. Send-out reference laboratory testing of the species showed susceptibility to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, imipenem, and minocycline, but resistance to aztreonam, cefepime, ceftazidime, and meropenem. The patient had deteriorated to multi-organ failure by the time minocycline was initiated, and his family had transitioned him into hospice care. Carbapenems are vital agents in the treatment of VAP. species are often resistant to meropenem but often retain in-vitro sensitivity to imipenem-cilastin. Although mainly isolated from respiratory specimens of patients with cystic fibrosis, cases of infection in non-cystic fibrosis patients have been increasingly recognized. The presentation of this case aims to increase awareness of the high drug resistance of this rising species and reduce delays in treatment, especially in COVID-19 coinfection.
PubMed: 34912637
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19498 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2021The parasitoid fungus , whose fruiting bodies are known in China as "chan hua," literally "cicada flower," has been used as a traditional Chinese medicinal ingredient...
The parasitoid fungus , whose fruiting bodies are known in China as "chan hua," literally "cicada flower," has been used as a traditional Chinese medicinal ingredient for centuries. However, systematic disclosure of the vital factors responsible for the formation of wild cicada flower is limited. Here, we determined the physicochemical properties of soil and simultaneously analyzed the diversities and the structures of microbial community inhabiting the coremia, sclerotia, and soil around wild cicada flowers through high-throughput sequencing. Our results indicated that cicada flower more preferentially occurred in acidic soil (pH 5.9) with abundant moisture content (MC), total nitrogen (TN), and organic matter (OM). The dominant fungal genera in soil mainly included , f__Clavariaceae_Unclassified, , f__Chaetomiaceae_Unclassified, , f__Sordariaceae_Unclassified, and . Among them, was the only fungus that was massively detected in both the coremia and sclerotia with abundance of 83.5 and 53.6%, respectively. Based on this, a strain named AH10-4 with excellent adenosine- and -(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine (HEA)-producing capability was successfully isolated. However, to the aspect of bacteria, , , , f__Xanthobacteraceae_Unclassified, and were the dominant genera in soil. , f__Enterobacteriaceae_Unclassified, , , , , and were the dominant genera in the coremia and sclerotia. Notably, was the shared bacteria among them with high abundance of 3.1, 11.4, and 5.2% in the sclerotia, coremia, and soil, respectively. However, the possible role of these bacteria to the occurrence of cicada flower has been unclear to our knowledge. By analyzing the correlation between physicochemical properties and microbial community of soil, we found that MC, Fe, and Zn were significantly negatively correlated with soil and that Cu was significantly negatively correlated with most dominant soil bacterial genera. But Mg was significantly positively correlated with most dominant taxa. This study provides new insight into the formation mechanisms of cicada flower and may contribute to the large-scale cultivation of cicada flowers.
PubMed: 34899639
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.752791 -
Surgical Neurology International 2021is predominantly recovered from the respiratory tract of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Authors report first case of central nervous system infection by in the...
BACKGROUND
is predominantly recovered from the respiratory tract of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Authors report first case of central nervous system infection by in the form of skull base osteomyelitis.
CASE DESCRIPTION
A 67-year-old male presented with complaints of earache and hearing deficit for few months. The radiology was suggestive of skull base osteomyelitis and polypoidal soft tissue extending from the middle cranial fossa to the infratemporal fossa. The sample from the targeted area revealed on matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. With adequate antibiotic therapy, there was clinicoradiologic improvement. is an infection exclusively seen in pulmonary infection in patients with CF. We identified its intracranial involvement in a patient for the 1 time in the literature. The serendipitous diagnosis needs evaluation on specific PCR and matrix-assisted laser desorption spectrometry. The treatment with antibiotics provides a definite cure.
CONCLUSION
We report a rare opportunistic infection with central nervous system involvement which can be cured by accurate diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment.
PubMed: 34621562
DOI: 10.25259/SNI_472_2021 -
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Dec 2021A polyphasic taxonomic approach was used to characterize a Gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated strain CC-CFT501, harboring xenobiotic- and...
Zeimonas arvi gen. nov., sp. nov., of the family Burkholderiaceae, harboring biphenyl- and phenolic acid-metabolizing genes, isolated from a long-term ecological research field.
A polyphasic taxonomic approach was used to characterize a Gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated strain CC-CFT501, harboring xenobiotic- and allelochemical-metabolizing genes, isolated from a long-term ecological research field in Taiwan. Cells of strain CC-CFT501 were catalase- and oxidase-positive, non-motile and short rods. Optimal growth occurred at 30 °C, pH 8 and 1% NaCl. Strain CC-CFT501 was found to share high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the members of genera Quisquiliibacterium (94.3%, n = 1), Pandoraea (93.4-94.0%, n = 23) and Paraburkholderia (93.3-94.0%, n = 9), affiliated to the family Burkholderiaceae. Strain CC-CFT501 shared 76.4% orthologous average nucleotide identity (OrthoANI) and 20.9% digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values with Quisquiliibacterium transsilvanicum DSM 29781. Draft genome sequence (3.83 Mb) of strain CC-CFT501 revealed several genes encoding the proteins involved in biphenyl and phenolic acid metabolism. Fatty acid profile contained C, C, C 3-OH, C ω7c/C ω6c and C ω7c/C ω6c in predominant amounts. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, thirteen unidentified amino lipids, two unidentified phospholipids and two unidentified glycolipids. The major polyamine was spermidine and ubiquinone Q-8 was the sole respiratory quinone. The DNA G + C content was 70.0 mol%. Based on its distinct phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic traits together with results of comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence, ANI and dDDH analyses, strain CC-CFT501 is considered to represent a novel genus and species of the family Burkholderiaceae, for which the name Zeimonas arvi gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is CC-CFT501 (= BCRC 81218 = JCM 33506).
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Biphenyl Compounds; Burkholderiaceae; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Hydroxybenzoates; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 34599477
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01664-x -
Journal of Laboratory Physicians Jun 2021is a novel gram-negative bacillus usually isolated from respiratory specimens of cystic fibrosis patients. Few cases of bacteremia have also been reported due to this...
is a novel gram-negative bacillus usually isolated from respiratory specimens of cystic fibrosis patients. Few cases of bacteremia have also been reported due to this rare pathogen. Emergence of multidrug-resistant isolates of this bacillus is of grave concern. Here, we report a very interesting and unusual case of bacteremia in a coronavirus disease (COVID)-positive elderly diabetic man suffering from pneumonia. Prompt isolation and antibiotic sensitivity testing guided the patient's treatment and yielded favorable outcome. The need of automated methods for identification and sensitivity testing limits the reporting of this rare but important pathogen in hospital settings. Detailed research work and studies are needed in this direction to better understand this pathogen and its clinical manifestations for better patient outcome.
PubMed: 34483568
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730847 -
Journal of Environmental Sciences... Oct 2021Biodegradation mechanisms and microbial functional diversity during coupled p-nitrophenol (PNP) and p-aminophenol (PAP) degradation were studied in a bioelectrochemical...
Biodegradation mechanisms and microbial functional diversity during coupled p-nitrophenol (PNP) and p-aminophenol (PAP) degradation were studied in a bioelectrochemical system. PNP in the biocathode and PAP in the bioanode were almost completely removed within 28hr and 68hr respectively. The degradation followed the steps including hydrating hydroxyalkylation, dehydrogenating carbonylation, and hydrolating ring cleavage, etc. Metagemomic analysis based on the KEGG and eggNOG database annotations revealed the microbial composition and functional genes/enzymes related to phenol degradation in the system. The predominant bacteria genera were Lautropia, Pandoraea, Thiobacillus, Ignavibacterium, Truepera and Hyphomicrobium. The recognized biodegradation genes/enzymes related to pollutant degradation were as follows: pmo, hbd, & ppo for phenol degradation, nzba, amie, & badh for aromatic degradation, and CYP & p450 for xenobiotics degradation, etc. The co-occurrence of ARGs (antibiotic resistant genes), such as adeF, MexJ, ErmF, PDC-93 and Escherichia_coli_mdfA, etc., were annotated in CARD database during the biodegradation process. The Proteobacteria & Actinobacteria phylum was the primary host of both the biodegradation genes & ARGs in this system. The microbial functional diversity ensured the effective biodegradation of the phenol pollutants in the bioelectrochemical system.
Topics: Aminophenols; Biodegradation, Environmental; Nitrophenols
PubMed: 34465427
DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.02.017 -
World Journal of Microbiology &... Aug 2021The prospection of new degrading enzymes of the plant cell wall has been the subject of many studies and is fundamental for industries, due to the great biotechnological...
The prospection of new degrading enzymes of the plant cell wall has been the subject of many studies and is fundamental for industries, due to the great biotechnological importance of achieving a more efficient depolymerization conversion from plant polysaccharides to fermentable sugars, which are useful not only for biofuel production but also for various bioproducts. Thus, we explored the shotgun metagenome data of a bacterial community (CB10) isolated from sugarcane bagasse and recovered three metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs). The genomic distance analyses, along with phylogenetic analysis, revealed the presence of a putative novel Chitinophaga species, a Pandoraea nosoerga, and Labrys sp. isolate. The isolation process for each one of these bacterial lineages from the community was carried out in order to relate them with the MAGs. The recovered draft genomes have reasonable completeness (72.67-100%) and contamination (0.26-2.66%) considering the respective marker lineage for Chitinophaga (Bacteroidetes), Pandoraea (Burkholderiales), and Labrys (Rhizobiales). The in-vitro assay detected cellulolytic activity (endoglucanases) only for the isolate Chitinophaga, and its genome analysis revealed 319 CAZymes, of which 115 are classified as plant cell wall degrading enzymes, which can act in fractions of hemicellulose and pectin. Our study highlights the potential of this Chitinophaga isolate provides several plant-polysaccharide-degrading enzymes.
Topics: Alphaproteobacteria; Bacteroidetes; Biodegradation, Environmental; Biomass; Burkholderiaceae; Genome, Bacterial; Lignin; Metagenome; Phylogeny; Plants; Polysaccharides
PubMed: 34448059
DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03128-w