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Frontiers in Microbiology 2023Steroid hormones and the oral microbiota of pregnant women both appear as cumulative risk factors for gingivitis. This cross-sectional study, using real-time PCR,...
Steroid hormones and the oral microbiota of pregnant women both appear as cumulative risk factors for gingivitis. This cross-sectional study, using real-time PCR, investigated the composition and diversity of the microbiota in interdental spaces of 3 months pregnant women with intact periodontium according the 2018 EFP/AAP classification. Bacteria identified were belonged to the red (, and ), orange (, , , and ), and green ( and ) Socransky complexes. Approximatively 10 bacteria were counted per interdental space in pregnant women. Bacteria from the red complex represented 33.80% versus 62.81% for the orange group versus 3.39% for the green group of the total number spread over the 3 groups. Dietary habits and physical activity did not have a significant impact on interdental microbiota, although a decrease in the median amount of 9 periodontopathogens was observed when fruit and vegetable consumption increased. Pregnant women who brushed their teeth at least twice a day had lower counts of total bacteria and 9 periodontal pathogens than those who brushed less. In 3 months pregnant women at high risk of periodontal disease (>30% bleeding sites), the dendogram revealed 2 clusters of the 9 periodontopathogens. This provides further support for the "key pathogen" hypothesis, among which plays a key role, indicating that specific bacteria in limited quantities can influence the host immune system and convert the microbiota from symbiotic to dysbiotic to induce inflammatory disorder. As a result, this study reported that 3 months pregnant women with healthy periodontium had high levels of interdental bleeding and a dysbiotic microbiota with periodontal pathogens of the Socransky orange and red complexes. These subjects were therefore potentially at increased risk of developing periodontal disease and, consequently, an adverse pregnancy outcome. So, preventive oral prophylaxis measures, in particular individual interdental prophylaxis, should be implemented as soon as pregnancy is established.
PubMed: 38029104
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1275180 -
The Journal of International Medical... Nov 2023Empyema is a common complication of pneumonia, caused by the accumulation of purulent exudate due to pathogenic bacteria invading the pleural cavity. and are pathogens...
Empyema is a common complication of pneumonia, caused by the accumulation of purulent exudate due to pathogenic bacteria invading the pleural cavity. and are pathogens that rarely cause pneumonia with empyema. Herein, a case of severe empyema caused by these two pathogens, confirmed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of pleural effusion cultures, is reported. A male Chinese patient in his late sixties presented with wheezing, cough, sputum expectoration, and fever. Blood and sputum cultures were negative for pathogens, but the pleural effusion culture was positive for , and was also found to contain , confirmed by mNGS. The patient's symptoms improved after treatment with cefoperazone/sulbactam and moxifloxacin. Pneumonia caused by and is rare; however, coinfection with these pathogens may cause severe pneumonia, with or without empyema.
Topics: Humans; Male; Streptococcus constellatus; Empyema, Pleural; Coinfection; Pneumonia; Pleural Effusion
PubMed: 37994021
DOI: 10.1177/03000605231210657 -
World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023
PubMed: 37969220
DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2023.091 -
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023Septic arthritis is a life-threatening rheumatological syndrome that is highly related to a patient's immune status and comorbidities, and although the most common...
Septic arthritis is a life-threatening rheumatological syndrome that is highly related to a patient's immune status and comorbidities, and although the most common clinical presentation is rapid-onset monoarthritis, it can also appear as subacute or chronic joint swelling. In these cases, differential diagnosis is more challenging, but early diagnosis and treatment is no less urgent to ensure a good global prognosis and the best outcome of the affected joint. Anaerobic microorganisms, such as , are an uncommon cause of septic arthritis (less than 5% of cases) but may be the cause of subacute arthritis. Knowledge about is important, as it is difficult to culture in the laboratory and generates a synovial fluid with atypical characteristics for septic arthritis so that, if not suspected, its diagnosis can be easily overlooked and underdiagnosed. We present the case of a 76-year-old woman with subacute arthritis of the left knee, describe the difficult diagnosis and treatment of its unexpected cause (), and review previously described cases, identifying the possible common comorbidities that may help clinicians easily find and treat this cause of subacute septic arthritis.
PubMed: 37958023
DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212879 -
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious... Jan 2024Porphyromonas endodontalis is an oral anaerobic bacterium associated with periodontitis but seldomly been detected in other diseases. Only one case of respiratory... (Review)
Review
Porphyromonas endodontalis is an oral anaerobic bacterium associated with periodontitis but seldomly been detected in other diseases. Only one case of respiratory disease caused by Porphyromonas endodontalis, pyopneumothorax, has been reported so far. A 53-year-old man with refractory periodontitis was admitted due to an indeterminate lung space-occupying lesion. Following mNGS analysis of the liquefaction necrotic area and solid component of the lesion through biopsy, Porphyromonas endodontalis and Parvimonas micra were detected. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with an aspiration lung abscess and discharged after receiving effective antibacterial treatment. The Chest computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a remarkable improvement during outpatient follow-up. In this study, we applied mNGS to diagnose a case of lung abscess attributed to an uncommon bacterium successfully, suggesting that when patients complicated with periodontal diseases and clinical respiratory symptoms, the possibility of inhalation disease caused by oral pathogens should be considered.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Lung Abscess; Porphyromonas endodontalis; Base Composition; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Phylogeny; Periodontitis
PubMed: 37925846
DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116126 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2023The link between periodontitis and systemic diseases has increasingly become a focus of research in recent years. In this context, it is reasonable-especially in...
The link between periodontitis and systemic diseases has increasingly become a focus of research in recent years. In this context, it is reasonable-especially in vulnerable patient groups-to minimize bacteremia during periodontal treatment. The aim of the present in vivo feasibility study was to investigate the possibility of laser-based bacteremia prevention. Patients with stage III, grade B generalized periodontitis were therefore treated in a split-mouth design either with prior 445 nm laser irradiation before nonsurgical periodontal therapy or without. During the treatments, clinical (periodontal measures, pain sensation, and body temperature), microbiological (sulcus samples and blood cultures before, 25 min after the start, and 10 min after the end of treatment), and immunological parameters (CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α) were obtained. It was shown that periodontal treatment-related bacteremia was detectable in both patients with the study design used. The species isolated were , , and . The immunological parameters increased only slightly and occasionally. In the laser-assisted treatments, all blood cultures remained negative, demonstrating treatment-related bacteremia prevention. Within the limitations of this feasibility study, it can be concluded that prior laser disinfection can reduce bacteremia risk during periodontal therapy. Follow-up studies with larger patient numbers are needed to further investigate this effect, using the study design presented here.
PubMed: 37887256
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12101555 -
, an oral pathobiont associated with colorectal cancer, epigenetically reprograms human colonocytes.Gut Microbes Dec 2023Recently, an intestinal dysbiotic microbiota with enrichment in oral cavity bacteria has been described in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Here, we characterize and...
Recently, an intestinal dysbiotic microbiota with enrichment in oral cavity bacteria has been described in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Here, we characterize and investigate one of these oral pathobionts, the Gram-positive anaerobic coccus . We identified two phylotypes (A and B) exhibiting different phenotypes and adhesion capabilities. We observed a strong association of phylotype A with CRC, with its higher abundance in feces and in tumoral tissue compared with the normal homologous colonic mucosa, which was associated with a distinct methylation status of patients. By developing an hypoxic co-culture system of human primary colonic cells with anaerobic bacteria, we show that phylotype A alters the DNA methylation profile promoters of key tumor-suppressor genes, oncogenes, and genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In colonic mucosa of CRC patients carrying phylotype A, we found similar DNA methylation alterations, together with significant enrichment of differentially expressed genes in pathways involved in inflammation, cell adhesion, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton, providing evidence of possible role in the carcinogenic process.
Topics: Humans; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Firmicutes; Bacteria; Colorectal Neoplasms
PubMed: 37842920
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2265138 -
Employing Cloning-Independent Mutagenesis of Parvimonas micra for the Study of Cell Wall Biogenesis.Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2024The cell wall plays an important structural role for bacteria and is intimately tied to a variety of critical processes ranging from growth and differentiation to...
The cell wall plays an important structural role for bacteria and is intimately tied to a variety of critical processes ranging from growth and differentiation to pathogenesis. Our understanding of cell wall biogenesis is primarily derived from a relatively small number of heavily studied model organisms. Consequently, these processes can only be inferred for the vast majority of prokaryotes, especially among groups of uncharacterized and/or genetically intractable organisms. Recently, we developed the first tractable genetic system for Parvimonas micra, which is a ubiquitous Gram-positive pathobiont of the human microbiome involved in numerous types of inflammatory infections as well as a variety of malignant tumors. P. micra is also the first, and currently only, member of the entire Tissierellia class of the Bacillota phylum in which targeted genetic manipulation has been demonstrated. Thus, it is now possible to study cell wall biogenesis mechanisms within a member of the Tissierellia, which may also reveal novel aspects of P. micra pathobiology. Herein, we describe a procedure for cloning-independent genetic manipulation of P. micra, including allelic replacement mutagenesis and genetic complementation. The described techniques are also similarly applicable for the study of other aspects of P. micra pathobiology and physiology.
Topics: Humans; Firmicutes; Microbiota; Mutagenesis; Cloning, Molecular
PubMed: 37815708
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3491-2_5 -
IDCases 2023is an obligate anaerobe that forms part of the normal gastrointestinal flora. The advent of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry...
is an obligate anaerobe that forms part of the normal gastrointestinal flora. The advent of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) and 16s ribosomal RNA gene sequencing has led to increased detection of many rare anaerobic isolates, including Typical risk factors for bacteremia include dental procedures or spinal instrumentation. Here, we report a case of spondylodiscitis and psoas abscess in a patient with no obvious antecedent risk factors and explore the challenges in isolation of the organism from tissue samples.
PubMed: 37790216
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2023.e01900 -
Frontiers in Pediatrics 2023Pneumonia is quite common in people with chronic bedridden, severe malnutrition and underlying diseases of cerebral palsy. Although poor oral hygiene and inadequate...
BACKGROUND
Pneumonia is quite common in people with chronic bedridden, severe malnutrition and underlying diseases of cerebral palsy. Although poor oral hygiene and inadequate airway protection are risk factors, case reports of childhood pneumonia caused by oral obligate anaerobes are rare.
INTRODUCTION
We reported 4 cases of oral anaerobic pneumonia and empyema diagnosed by the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of our hospital.
DISCUSSION
No bacteria were detected in sputum bacterial culture, pleural water bacterial culture and blood culture of the four children. Considering that multiple sputum cultures were negative, the pleural effusion and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify the pathogen causing pneumonia. The results found oral obligate anaerobes represented by and . After identifying the pathogenic bacteria, we changed to piperacillin tazobactam combined with metronidazole for anti-infection treatment, and the pneumonia in the above patients was improved. In addition, all four patients had different basic medical histories, and long-term bed rest, severe malnutrition, poor oral hygiene and insufficient airway protection were all high risk factors for oral anaerobic pneumonia in these children.
CONCLUSION
Oral obligate anaerobes are one of the pathogens to consider for pneumonia in the elderly, but they may be easily overlooked in pediatric groups. Therefore, when receiving children with high-risk factors, we should be alert to the possibility of oral obligate anaerobic bacteria infection. Educating family members to pay attention to children's oral hygiene plays an important role in preventing oral obligatory anaerobic bacteria pneumonia. NGS can be used as a rapid diagnostic method when sputum culture cannot distinguish between pathogens.
PubMed: 37744449
DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1226706