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How well do antimicrobial mouth rinses prevent dysbiosis in an in vitro periodontitis biofilm model?Journal of Periodontology Jun 2024Periodontal diseases are associated with dysbiosis in the oral microbial communities. Managing oral biofilms is therefore key for preventing these diseases. Management...
BACKGROUND
Periodontal diseases are associated with dysbiosis in the oral microbial communities. Managing oral biofilms is therefore key for preventing these diseases. Management protocols often include over-the-counter antimicrobial mouth rinses, which lack data on their effects on the oral microbiome's ecology, bacterial composition, metabolic activity, and dysbiosis resilience. This study examined the efficacy of antimicrobial mouth rinses to halt dysbiosis in in vitro oral biofilms under periodontitis-simulating conditions.
METHODS
Multispecies oral biofilms were grown on hydroxyapatite discs (HADs) and rinsed daily with one of six mouth rinses. Positive and negative controls were included. After three rinses, biofilms were analyzed with viability quantitative polymerase chain reaction and visualized using scanning electron microscopy. Supernatants of rinsed biofilms were used for metabolic activity analysis. In addition, human oral keratinocytes were exposed to rinsed biofilms to assess their inflammatory response. All outputs were analyzed for correlation using Spearman coefficient.
RESULTS
Product-related changes were observed in the rinsed biofilms. Three of the six tested mouth rinses could significantly prevent dysbiosis with ≥30% reduction in pathobiont abundance relative to the control. These biofilms had lower metabolic activity, and the exposed human oral keratinocyte produced less interleukin-8. Interleukin-8 production correlated to both pathobiont quantity and the metabolic activity of the biofilms.
CONCLUSION
Some mouth rinses could support biofilm resilience and stop dysbiosis evolution in the biofilm model, with a clear product-related effect. Such mouth rinses can be considered for patients under maintenance/supportive periodontal therapy to prevent/delay disease recurrence. Others are more useful for different periodontal therapy stages.
PubMed: 38946115
DOI: 10.1002/JPER.23-0674 -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology Jun 2024Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by intractable multiorgan fibrosis caused by vascular and immune dysfunction. Currently, effective therapeutic options for...
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by intractable multiorgan fibrosis caused by vascular and immune dysfunction. Currently, effective therapeutic options for patients with SSc are limited. Nitrate, an abundant nutrient in the diet, has been demonstrated to be preventative and therapeutic for several diseases. To determine whether nitrate can slow or reverse SSc progression, topical application of nitrate delivered by dissolving microneedles was used to treat a bleomycin (BLM)-induced dermal fibrosis mouse model. In this study, nitrate considerably attenuated dermal thickness, stiffness, and collagen deposition. Bulk RNA sequencing of skin revealed that Cd4 was a key hub gene in SSc nitrate therapy. Additionally, BLM-induced cytokines and chemokines were inhibited by nitrate, and CD4 T cells infiltration markedly declined. Il4, Il6, Il13, and Tgfb expression in CD4 T cells isolated from skin biopsies also significantly decreased. Mechanistically, Il1rl1, a type2 immune response inducer, was markedly repressed in isolated CD4 T cells and dermal tissues after nitrate treatment. Remarkably, compared with wild type mice, mice lacking Il1rl1 showed impaired transcriptional profiles after intradermal BLM injection. Adoptive transfer of ST2CD4 T cells promoted bleomycin-induced Rag2 mice dermal fibrosis. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that nitrate targeting ST2CD4 T cells is an effective therapeutic option for SSc.
PubMed: 38945439
DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.06.1273 -
Journal of the American Dental... Jun 2024
PubMed: 38944800
DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2024.06.010 -
Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi... 2024The significant prevalence of periodontal diseases in elderly patients makes the research relevant. By now, the issues of complex clinical and radiological semiotics of...
The significant prevalence of periodontal diseases in elderly patients makes the research relevant. By now, the issues of complex clinical and radiological semiotics of generalized periodontitis using high-tech research methods is not sufficiently studied. The research addressed the clinical picture and three-dimensional computed tomographic semiotics of severe chronic generalized periodontitis focusing 25 elderly patients with severe chronic generalized periodontitis. It verified the necessity to use an organ-oriented program of multiplanar (volumetric) cone-beam computed tomography coupled with the analysis of the research results, as well as a mandatory analysis of densitometry indicators of the jaw bone tissue in diagnostically significant periodontal zones.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Female; Male; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Chronic Periodontitis; Periodontal Diseases; Middle Aged; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Aged, 80 and over; Bone Density
PubMed: 38944779
DOI: No ID Found -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Jun 2024Photodynamic therapy is garnering increasing attention in oral science. Despite its promising potential, further exploration is warranted to delve into the research...
BACKGROUND
Photodynamic therapy is garnering increasing attention in oral science. Despite its promising potential, further exploration is warranted to delve into the research paradigms and evolving trends within oral science. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of photodynamic therapy in oral science (PDTOS), investigating research landscapes, identifying key contributors, analyzing collaborative networks, pinpointing emerging research directions, and exploring factors influencing high citations.
METHODS
Research and review articles in PDTOS were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database up to December 31, 2023. The R package "bibliometrix" and VOSviewer were utilized for visualizing collaboration networks and keyword co-occurrence, alongside trend analysis. Negative binomial regression was used to model factors affecting citation counts.
RESULTS
A total of 2784 articles with significant international collaboration (23.14%) were analyzed. Brazil, China, the USA, Iran, and Italy led in publications, with predominant USA-European collaborations. The University of Sao Paulo in Brazil was the most published institution in the field. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy was the core journal in the field and has the highest number of publications. The main research fields included photodynamic therapy, antibacterial and anticancer treatment, management, and peri-implant periodontitis, with a recent focus on peri-implantitis. Factors such as international cooperation, funding, article age, type, author count, and references significantly influenced citations.
CONCLUSIONS
This research provided valuable insights into PDTOS trends and knowledge structures. These findings underscored a significant increase in the number of PDTOS publications, urging strengthened international cooperation. Emerging research has focused on peri-implantitis and nano-photosensitizer materials. Authors should consider various citation-related factors in their research endeavors.
PubMed: 38944403
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104261 -
International Journal of Biological... Jun 2024Anti-osteoporotic agents are clinically employed to improve bone health and prevent osteoporotic fractures. In the current study, we investigated the potential of...
Anti-osteoporotic agents are clinically employed to improve bone health and prevent osteoporotic fractures. In the current study, we investigated the potential of chitosan-quercetin bio-conjugate as an anti-osteoporotic agent. The conjugate was prepared and characterized by FTIR and found notable interactions between chitosan and quercetin. Treating mouse MSCs with the bioconjugate in osteogenic conditions for a week led to elevated expression of differentiation markers Runx2, ALP, and Col-I, as determined by real-time PCR analysis. Evaluation at the cellular level using alizarin red staining demonstrated enhanced calcium deposition in MSCs following treatment with the bioconjugate. Likewise, ELISA analysis showed significantly elevated levels of secretory osteocalcin and osteonectin in groups treated with the conjugate. To broaden our comprehension, we utilized a zebrafish-based in vivo model of dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis to investigate bone regeneration. Toxicity profiling with zebrafish larvae confirmed the bio-conjugate's compatibility at a concentration of 25 μg/ml, underscoring the significance of finding the right dosage. Furthermore, in zebrafish models of osteoporosis, the bio-conjugate demonstrated significant potential for bone regeneration, as indicated by improved bone calcification, callus formation, and overall bone healing in a tail fin fracture model. Additionally, the study revealed that the bio-conjugate inhibited osteoclastic activity, leading to reduced TRAP activity and hydroxyproline release, suggesting its effectiveness in mitigating bone resorption. In conclusion, our research provides compelling evidence for the osteogenic capabilities of the chitosan-quercetin bio-conjugate, highlighting its promising applications in regenerative medicine and the treatment of conditions like osteoporosis.
PubMed: 38944072
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133492 -
Archives of Oral Biology Jun 2024This systematic review aims to evaluate existing evidence to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes in bone regeneration. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review aims to evaluate existing evidence to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes in bone regeneration.
DESIGN
A comprehensive search between 2020 and 2024 across PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus was conducted using a defined search strategy to identify relevant studies regarding the following question: "What is the impact of M2 macrophage-derived exosomes on bone regeneration?". Controlled in vitro and in vivo studies were included in this study. The SYRCLE tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias in the included animal studies.
RESULTS
This review included 20 studies published. Seven studies were selected for only in vitro analysis, whereas 13 studies underwent both in vitro and in vivo analyses. The in vivo studies employed animal models, including 163 C57BL6 mice and 73 Sprague-Dawley rats. Exosomes derived from M2 macrophages were discovered to be efficacious in promoting bone regeneration and vascularization in animal models of bone defects. These effects were primarily confirmed through morphological and histological assessments. This remarkable outcome is attributed to the regulation of multiple signaling pathways, as evidenced by the findings of 11 studies investigating the involvement of miRNAs in this intricate process. In addition, in vitro studies observed positive effects on cell proliferation, migration, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis. Heterogeneity in study methods hinders direct comparison of results across studies.
CONCLUSION
M2 macrophage-derived exosomes demonstrate remarkable potential for promoting bone regeneration. Further research optimizing their application and elucidating the underlying mechanisms can pave the way for clinical translation.
PubMed: 38943857
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.106034 -
Australian Dental Journal Jun 2024Periodontitis is a common oral disease and the chronic inflammation caused by it may influence the development of cancers in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Many...
BACKGROUND
Periodontitis is a common oral disease and the chronic inflammation caused by it may influence the development of cancers in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Many observational studies have established a relationship between the two, but the results are not entirely consistent.
METHODS
Two-sample MR was performed using publicly available genome-wide association studies data for periodontitis, oral, gastric and oesophagal cancers. The Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW) method serves as the primary method, with MR Egger, Weighted Median, Simple Model and Weighted Model Algorithm methods as complementary methods to assess genetic causal associations. Cochran Q-test, MR-Egger regression and MR polytropic residuals and outliers were used to assess heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.
RESULTS
IVW results did not support a causal association between periodontitis and oral (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.00) and oesophagal cancer (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.00). Similarly, there was again no causal association between periodontitis and gastric cancer, which was integrated with an OR of 1.04 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.12). Complementary method results were consistent with IVW and heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were not found in most studies.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of our MR study do not support a causal relationship between periodontitis and oral, gastric and oesophagal cancers.
PubMed: 38943355
DOI: 10.1111/adj.13028 -
Journal of Dental Education Jun 2024
PubMed: 38943245
DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13633 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024Mothers usually have the primary role in raising children and developing health-related behaviors. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between dental anxiety...
BACKGROUND
Mothers usually have the primary role in raising children and developing health-related behaviors. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between dental anxiety and oral hygiene status of mothers and children's dental anxiety and gingival health.
METHODS
The study included 305 children, aged 4-12 years, who came to the dentist for the first time and their mothers. All the demographic and oral hygiene information were collected through a questionnaire. The dental anxiety of the mothers and children was assessed using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and Venham Picture Test (VPT), respectively. The oral examination of the mother and children was performed, and their PI, GI, and DMFT scores were recorded.
RESULTS
While the correlation between MDAS and VPT was positive and strong in children aged 8-12, it was positive but weak in the 4-7 age group. A significant relationship was detected between the mother's PI, GI, DMFT, and the child's VPT score. According to the mothers' dental anxiety, there were no statistically significant differences in PI, GI, and dmft values in children aged between 4 to 7. A moderately positive and statistically significant relationship between maternal dental anxiety and children's DMFT was identified in children aged 8-12.
CONCLUSIONS
Children's dental anxiety was significantly influenced by maternal dental anxiety, post-treatment complications experienced by the mother, and the oral health status of the mother.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
Clinical Trials-ID: NCT05563532; Registration Date: 17.09.2022.
Topics: Humans; Dental Anxiety; Child; Child, Preschool; Oral Health; Female; Mothers; Male; DMF Index; Adult; Surveys and Questionnaires; Mother-Child Relations; Periodontal Index
PubMed: 38943136
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04530-0