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Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences 2024Numerous strategies have been proposed to minimize obesity-associated health effects, among which phytocannabinoids appear to be effective and safe compounds. In...
Numerous strategies have been proposed to minimize obesity-associated health effects, among which phytocannabinoids appear to be effective and safe compounds. In particular, cannabigerol (CBG) emerges as a potent modulator of the composition of membrane phospholipids (PLs), which plays a critical role in the development of insulin resistance. Therefore, here we consider the role of CBG treatment on the composition of PLs fraction with particular emphasis on phospholipid subclasses (e.g., phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS), and phosphatidylinositol (PI)) in the red gastrocnemius muscle of Wistar rats fed the standard or high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet. The intramuscular PLs content was determined by gas-liquid chromatography and based on the composition of individual FAs, we assessed the stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) index as well as the activity of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) pathways. Expression of various proteins engaged in the inflammatory pathway, FAs elongation, and desaturation processes was measured using Western blotting. Our research has demonstrated the important association of obesity with alterations in the composition of muscular PLs, which was significantly improved by CBG supplementation, enriching the lipid pools in n-3 PUFAs and decreasing the content of arachidonic acid (AA), which in turn influenced the activity of PUFAs pathways in various PLs subclasses. CBG also inhibited the local inflammation development and profoundly reduced the SCD1 activity. Collectively, restoring the PLs homeostasis of the myocyte membrane by CBG indicates its new potential medical application in the treatment of obesity-related metabolic disorders.
PubMed: 38919749
DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1401558 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2024Retinoblastoma is one of the most common ocular malignancies in children. Bmi-1, a member of the Polycomb group family of transcriptional repressors, is expressed in a...
Retinoblastoma is one of the most common ocular malignancies in children. Bmi-1, a member of the Polycomb group family of transcriptional repressors, is expressed in a variety of tumors. The purpose of our study was to explore the role of Bmi-1 in retinoblastoma. RT-qPCR and western blot were used for calculating the mRNA and protein levels of Bmi-1 and RKIP. MTT, Wound healing and Transwell assays were performed to measure the proliferation, migration and invasion in retinoblastoma cells. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The volume and mass of transplanted tumors were detected in nude mice. Bmi-1 was over expressed, and RKIP was low expressed in retinoblastoma cells. Bmi-1 promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion and suppressed cell apoptosis of Y79 and SO-RB50 cells. Downregulation of Bmi-1 and overexpression of RKIP inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and increased cell apoptosis. The functions of Bmi-1 knockdown on retinoblastoma cells were blocked by RKIP knockdown, but promoted by RKIP. Down-regulated Bmi-1 inhibited xenograft tumor growth, and RKIP exacerbated this inhibitory effect. Bmi-1 served as a potential therapeutic target for improving the efficacy of clinical treatment in retinoblastoma. All the findings revealed the functions of Bmi-1/RKIP axis in retinoblastoma tumorigenesis.
Topics: Humans; Retinoblastoma; Polycomb Repressive Complex 1; Cell Proliferation; Apoptosis; Cell Movement; Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Mice; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Mice, Nude; Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Retinal Neoplasms
PubMed: 38914697
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65011-6 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jun 2024A novel chemoheterotrophic iron-reducing micro-organism, designated as strain LSZ-M11000, was isolated from sediment of the Marianas Trench. Phylogenetic analysis based...
A novel chemoheterotrophic iron-reducing micro-organism, designated as strain LSZ-M11000, was isolated from sediment of the Marianas Trench. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene revealed that strain LSZ-M11000 belonged to genus , with 97 % identity to that of STGH, a mesophilic bacterium isolated from the Severo-Stavropolskoye underground gas storage facility in Russia. The polar lipid profile of strain LSZ-M11000 consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, as well as other unidentified phospholipids and lipids. The major fatty acids were C (28.4 %), C (15.8 %), iso-C (12.9 %), and anteiso-C (12.0 %). Strain LSZ-M11000 had no menaquinone. Genome sequencing revealed that the genome size of strain LSZ-M11000 was 2.97 Mb and the DNA G+C content was 37.9 mol%. The average nucleotide identity values between strain LSZ-M11000 and its close phylogenetic relatives, STGH and Z9, were 76.4 and 72.6 %, respectively. The corresponding DNA-DNA hybridization estimates were 20.9 and 23.4 %, respectively. Cells of strain LSZ-M11000 were rod-shaped (1.0-1.5×0.3-0.5 µm). Using pyruvate as an electron donor, it was capable of reducing KMnO, MnO, As(V), NaNO, NaNO, NaSO, NaSO, and KCrO. Based on phenotypic, genotypic, and phylogenetic evidence, strain LSZ-M11000 is proposed to be a novel strain of the genus , for which the name is proposed. The type strain is LSZ-M11000 (=CCAM 1008=JCM 39431).
Topics: Phylogeny; Base Composition; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Fatty Acids; Geologic Sediments; DNA, Bacterial; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Russia; Iron; Phospholipids; Heterotrophic Processes; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Bacillaceae; Whole Genome Sequencing; Oxidation-Reduction
PubMed: 38913036
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006438 -
Heliyon Jun 2024Renal calculi (RC) represent a prevalent disease of the urinary system characterized by a high incidence rate. The traditional clinical diagnosis of RC emphasizes...
Renal calculi (RC) represent a prevalent disease of the urinary system characterized by a high incidence rate. The traditional clinical diagnosis of RC emphasizes imaging and stone composition analysis. However, the significance of metabolic status in RC diagnosis and prevention remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate serum metabolites in RC patients to identify those associated with RC and to develop a metabolite-based diagnostic model. We employed nontargeted metabolomics utilizing ultra-performance liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (UPLC‒MS) to compare serum metabolites between RC patients and healthy controls. Our findings demonstrated significant disparities in serum metabolites, particularly in fatty acids and glycerophospholipids, between the two groups. Notably, the glycerophospholipid (GP) metabolic pathway in RC patients was significantly disrupted. Logistic regression models using differentially abundant metabolites revealed that elevated levels of 2-butyl-4-methyl phenol and reduced levels of phosphatidylethanolamine (P-16:0/22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)) had the most substantial effect on RC risk. Overall, our study indicates that RC induces notable alterations in serum metabolites and that the diagnostic model based on these metabolites effectively distinguishes RC. This research offers promising insights and directions for further diagnostic and mechanistic studies on RC.
PubMed: 38912451
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32482 -
Lipids in Health and Disease Jun 2024Observational studies have indicated that the plasma lipid profiles of patients with atopic dermatitis show significant differences compared to healthy individuals....
BACKGROUND
Observational studies have indicated that the plasma lipid profiles of patients with atopic dermatitis show significant differences compared to healthy individuals. However, the causal relationship between these differences remains unclear due to the inherent limitations of observational studies. Our objective was to explore the causal effects between 179 plasma lipid species and atopic dermatitis, and to investigate whether circulating inflammatory proteins serve as mediators in this causal pathway.
METHODS
We utilized public genome-wide association studies data to perform a bidirectional two-sample, two-step mendelian randomization study. The inverse variance-weighted method was adopted as the primary analysis technique. MR-Egger and the weighted median were used as supplementary analysis methods. MR-PRESSO, Cochran's Q test, and MR-Egger intercept test were applied for sensitivity analyses to ensure the robustness of our findings.
RESULTS
The Mendelian randomization analysis revealed that levels of Phosphatidylcholine (PC) (18:1_20:4) (OR: 0.950, 95% CI: 0.929-0.972, p = 6.65 × 10), Phosphatidylethanolamine (O-18:1_20:4) (OR: 0.938, 95% CI: 0.906-0.971, p = 2.79 × 10), Triacylglycerol (TAG) (56:6) (OR: 0.937, 95% CI: 0.906-0.969, p = 1.48 × 10) and TAG (56:8) (OR: 0.918, 95% CI: 0.876-0.961, p = 2.72 × 10) were inversely correlated with the risk of atopic dermatitis. Conversely, PC (18:1_20:2) (OR: 1.053, 95% CI: 1.028-1.079, p = 2.11 × 10) and PC (O-18:1_20:3) (OR: 1.086, 95% CI: 1.039-1.135, p = 2.47 × 10) were positively correlated with the risk of atopic dermatitis. The results of the reverse directional Mendelian randomization analysis indicated that atopic dermatitis exerted no significant causal influence on 179 plasma lipid species. The level of circulating IL-18R1 was identified as a mediator for the increased risk of atopic dermatitis associated with higher levels of PC (18:1_20:2), accounting for a mediation proportion of 9.07%.
CONCLUSION
Our research suggests that plasma lipids can affect circulating inflammatory proteins and may serve as one of the pathogenic factors for atopic dermatitis. Targeting plasma lipid levels as a treatment for atopic dermatitis presents a potentially novel approach.
Topics: Dermatitis, Atopic; Humans; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Genome-Wide Association Study; Lipids; Triglycerides; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Phosphatidylcholines; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
PubMed: 38909247
DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02134-9 -
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Jun 2024A Gram-stain-negative, facultative anaerobe, rod-shaped strain JX-1 was isolated from UASB sludge treating landfill leachate in Wuhan, China. The isolate is capable of...
A Gram-stain-negative, facultative anaerobe, rod-shaped strain JX-1 was isolated from UASB sludge treating landfill leachate in Wuhan, China. The isolate is capable of growing under conditions of pH 6.0-11.0 (optimum, pH 7.0-8.0), temperature 4-42 ℃ (optimum, 20-30 ℃), 0-8.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 5.0%), and ammonia nitrogen concentration of 200-5000 mg/L (optimum, 500 mg/L) on LB plates. The microorganism can utilize malic acid, D-galactose, L-rhamnose, inosine, and L-glutamic acid as carbon sources, but does not reduce nitrates and nitrites. The major fatty acids are Cω7c/Cω6c, iso-C, and anteiso-C. The respiratory quinones are Q9 (91.92%) and Q8 (8.08%). Polar lipids include aminolipid, aminophospholipid, diphosphatidylglycerol, glycolipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and phospholipid. Compared with other strains, strain JX-1 and Denitrificimonas caeni HY-14 have the highest values in terms of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (96.79%), average nucleotide identity (ANI; 76.06%), and average amino acid identity (AAI; 78.89%). Its digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) result is 20.3%. The genome of strain JX-1, with a size of 2.78 Mb and 46.12 mol% G + C content, lacks genes for denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), but contains genes for ectoine synthesis as a secondary metabolite. The results of this polyphasic study allow genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of the analysed strain from the closest related species and confirm that the strain represents a novel species within the genus Denitrificimonas, for which the name Denitrificimonas halotolerans sp. nov. is proposed with JX-1 (= MCCC 1K08958 = KCTC 8395) as the type strain.
Topics: Sewage; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Base Composition; China; Fatty Acids; DNA, Bacterial; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Aeromonadaceae; Phospholipids
PubMed: 38907751
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-024-01987-5 -
Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental Jun 2024Bariatric surgery improves metabolic health, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We analyzed the effects of two types of bariatric surgery, sleeve...
OBJECTIVES
Bariatric surgery improves metabolic health, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We analyzed the effects of two types of bariatric surgery, sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), on the plasma metabolome and lipidome.
METHODS
We characterized the plasma metabolome (1268 metabolites) and lipidome (953 lipids) pre-operatively and at 3 and 12 months post-operatively in 104 obese adults who were previously recruited to a prospective cohort of bariatric surgery. The metabolomic and lipidomic responses to bariatric surgery over time were analyzed using multivariable linear mixed-effects models.
RESULTS
There were significant changes in multiple metabolites and lipids, including rapid early changes in amino acid and peptide metabolites, including decreases in branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), aromatic AAs, alanine and aspartate, and increases in glycine, serine, arginine and citrulline. There were also significant decreases in many triglyceride species, with increases in phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamines. There were significant changes in metabolites related to energy metabolism that were apparent only after 12 months. We observed differences by bariatric surgery type in the changes in a small number of primary and secondary bile acids, including glycohyocholate and glyco-beta-muricholate.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings highlight the comprehensive changes in metabolites and lipids that occur over the 12 months following bariatric surgery. While both SG and RYGB caused profound changes in the metabolome and lipidome, RYGB was characterized by greater increases in bile acids following surgery.
PubMed: 38906372
DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155955 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... Jul 2024The overuse of antibiotics in animal farming and aquaculture has led to multidrug-resistant methicillin-sensitive (MR-MSSA) becoming a common pathogen in foodborne...
The overuse of antibiotics in animal farming and aquaculture has led to multidrug-resistant methicillin-sensitive (MR-MSSA) becoming a common pathogen in foodborne diseases. Ait. serves as a traditional plant antibacterial agent and functional food ingredient. A total of 30 compounds (-) were isolated from the root bark of , consisting of 20 new compounds (-). In the biological activity assay, compound demonstrated a remarkable inhibitory effect on MR-MSSA, with an MIC of 2 μg/mL. Furthermore, was found to rapidly eliminate bacteria, inhibit biofilm growth, and exhibit exceptionally low cytotoxicity. Mechanistic studies have revealed that possesses an enhanced membrane-targeting ability, binding to the bacterial cell membrane components phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and cardiolipin (CL). This disruption of bacterial cell membrane integrity increases intracellular reactive oxygen species, protein and DNA leakage, reduced bacterial metabolism, and ultimately bacterial death. In summary, these findings suggest that compound holds promise as a lead compound against MR-MSSA.
Topics: Sophora; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Plant Roots; Plant Bark; Cell Membrane Permeability; Flavonoids; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Plant Extracts; Biofilms; Humans; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus aureus; Cell Membrane; Sophora flavescens
PubMed: 38905352
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01430 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jun 2024TwoGram-stain-positive and rod-shaped actinomycetes (strains CDC186 and CDC192) were isolated from sputum samples of a patient in Chongqing, PR China, and were...
TwoGram-stain-positive and rod-shaped actinomycetes (strains CDC186 and CDC192) were isolated from sputum samples of a patient in Chongqing, PR China, and were investigated to determine their taxonomic status. The results of phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene indicated that CDC186 and CDC192 represented members of the genus , and the sequence similarity with DSM 44636 was the highest, at 99.71 and 99.78 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of both CDC186 and CDC192 was 69.1 %. Genomic diversity analysis revealed that the average nucleotide identity and DNA‒DNA hybridisation values between the two novel strains and closely related species were significantly below the thresholds of 95-96 and 70 %, respectively, but these values between the two novel strains were 99.96 and 99.90 %, respectively. The phylogenetic relationship based on the gene and the single-copy core genes further indicated that the two novel strains were clustered in separate branch adjacent to DSM 44636. Growth occurred within the ranges of 20-42 °C, pH 6.0-9.0 and NaCl concentrations of 0.5-4.5 % (w/v). The major fatty acids of CDC186 and CDC192 were C and C 10-methyl [tuberculostearic acid (TBSA)]. The predominant respiratory menaquinone was MK-9. The polar lipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, one unidentified glycolipid, one unidentified phospholipid and one unidentified phosphoglycolipid. All the genomes of the studied strains were annotated with virulence factor (VF)-associated genes homologous to those of , and the results of susceptibility testing indicated that CDC186 and CDC192 were resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and tigecycline. On the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and the results of phylogenetic analyses, strains CDC186 and CDC192 represent a novel species within the genus , for which the name sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CDC186 (=GDMCC 4.206= JCM 34959).
Topics: Phylogeny; Nocardia; Base Composition; Humans; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; China; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Nocardia Infections; Sputum; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Genome, Bacterial
PubMed: 38904989
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006422 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jun 2024Two Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, strictly aerobic strains, forming yellow colonies and designated F6058 and S2608, were isolated from marine sediment...
Two Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, strictly aerobic strains, forming yellow colonies and designated F6058 and S2608, were isolated from marine sediment collected in Weihai, PR China. Both strains grow at 4-40 °C (optimum, 30-33 °C), pH 6.0-7.5 (optimum, pH 6.5) and in the presence of 0-7.0 % (w/v) NaCl. The optimum NaCl concentrations for strains F6058 and S2608 were 2.0 % and 2.5 %, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strains F6058 and S2608 share an evolutionary lineage with members of the genus . The isolates exhibited a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 96.7 % to each other. Strains F6058 exhibited the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to F64183 (98.8 %), and S2608 was most similar to A71 (96.9 %). Iso-C, anteiso-C and iso-C 3-OH were the major fatty acids of strains F6058 and S2608. The sole respiratory quinone of both isolates was menaquinone 6 (MK-6). The polar lipid profiles of the isolates both consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphoglycolipids; however, strain F6058 exhibited one glycolipid, one aminolipid and two unidentified polar lipids, and strain S2608 also had two glycolipids and one unidentified polar lipid. The DNA G+C contents of strains F6058 and S2608 were 34.6 % and 37.7 mol%, respectively. Based on their phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genomic characteristics, strains F6058 and S2608 were considered to represent novel species of the genus , for which the names sp. nov. and sp. nov. were proposed. The type strains are F6058 (=KCTC 92653=MCCC 1H01358) and S2608 (KCTC 92652=MCCC 1H01361).
Topics: RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Geologic Sediments; Phylogeny; Fatty Acids; China; Base Composition; Vitamin K 2; Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Bacterial; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Seawater; Molecular Sequence Data; Phospholipids; Phosphatidylethanolamines
PubMed: 38904664
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006423