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Vaccine Mar 2024Vaccination is the most cost-effective tool to control contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. The vaccines currently used in Africa are derived from a live strain called T1,...
Vaccination is the most cost-effective tool to control contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. The vaccines currently used in Africa are derived from a live strain called T1, which was attenuated by passage in embryonated eggs and broth culture. The number of passages is directly correlated to the degree of attenuation of the vaccinal strains and inversely correlated to their immunogenicity in cattle. Current quality control protocols applied to vaccine batches allow the assessment of identity, purity, and titers, but cannot assess the level of genetic drift form the parental vaccine strains. Deep sequencing was used to assess the genetic drift generated over controlled in vitro passages of the parental strain, as well as on commercial vaccine batches. Signatures of cloning procedures were detected in some batches, which imply a deviation from the standard production protocol. Deep sequencing is proposed as a new tool for the identity and stability control of T1 vaccines.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Bacterial Vaccines; Pleuropneumonia; Africa; Vaccines, Attenuated; Quality Control; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Pleuropneumonia, Contagious; Cattle Diseases; Mycoplasma mycoides
PubMed: 38365481
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.02.031 -
Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi = the... 2024A female patient in her 50s who underwent chemotherapy for left primary breast cancer presented with cancerous pleurisy and disseminated intravascular coagulation....
A female patient in her 50s who underwent chemotherapy for left primary breast cancer presented with cancerous pleurisy and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and liver biopsy revealed gastric and liver cancer. Distinguishing between primary and metastatic cancer by pathological findings is difficult using hematoxylin and eosin staining. We diagnosed and treated simultaneous primary breast cancer (ER-positive) and gastric cancer with liver metastasis (ER-negative), based on differences in estrogen receptor expression. The patient lived for 10 months with chemotherapy. After death, an autopsy was performed because the endoscopic results were atypical for primary gastric cancer, and additional immunohistochemical studies indicated gastric metastasis of breast cancer.
Topics: Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Stomach Neoplasms; Biopsy
PubMed: 38346759
DOI: 10.11405/nisshoshi.121.117 -
BMJ Case Reports Feb 2024Sarcomatoid mesothelioma is difficult to differentiate from other mesotheliomas. Here, we describe the case of a man in his early 80s with sarcomatoid mesothelioma and a...
Detailed clinical course of a patient with rapidly progressing sarcomatoid pleural mesothelioma without p16 deletion with systemic haematogenous metastasis to soft tissues.
Sarcomatoid mesothelioma is difficult to differentiate from other mesotheliomas. Here, we describe the case of a man in his early 80s with sarcomatoid mesothelioma and a history of asbestos exposure. He initially presented with right-sided chest pain and was examined. Right-sided pleural effusion was detected; therefore, he was hospitalised. Based on the observed pleural effusion and biopsy result, the presence of a malignant tumour was excluded; hence, he was diagnosed with benign asbestos pleurisy. He subsequently developed left-sided pleural effusion, masses and lung nodules, and died 9.5 months after the initial examination. A definitive diagnosis of sarcomatoid mesothelioma with rapid systemic progression was established after detailed investigations using autopsy specimens. This rare case of mesothelioma-without deletion (detected using fluorescence in situ hybridisation)-presented differently from the usual sarcomatoid mesothelioma.
Topics: Humans; Male; Asbestos; Disease Progression; Lung Neoplasms; Mesothelioma; Mesothelioma, Malignant; Pleural Effusion; Pleural Neoplasms; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38341199
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-257618 -
Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine May 2024Tuberculous pleuritis (TBP) is one of the most common types of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. We highlight the latest epidemiology of TBP, the heterogeneity of its... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Tuberculous pleuritis (TBP) is one of the most common types of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. We highlight the latest epidemiology of TBP, the heterogeneity of its presentation and the performance of different diagnostic strategies.
RECENT FINDINGS
There are differential trends in the incidences of TBP worldwide. Its incidence increased in China but decreased in the United States in the past decade. The presentation of TBP is heterogeneous regarding clinical symptoms, radiological findings and pleural fluid analysis results. Conventional microbiological tests have low sensitivities to diagnose TBP. Recent research focused on various diagnostic tools with better yield. The sensitivity of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) in pleural fluid, including the latest generation of PCR and sequencing-based techniques for detecting tuberculosis, remains suboptimal. Various pleural fluid biomarkers have been explored, but there is a lack of consensus on their clinical utility and cutoff levels.
SUMMARY
The heterogeneity of clinical presentation poses obstacles to diagnosing TBP. Further development of diagnostic tools, including more robust NAAT and biomarkers with additional validation, is needed before incorporation into routine clinical practice.
Topics: Humans; Pleural Effusion; Tuberculosis, Pleural; Exudates and Transudates; Biomarkers; Pleurisy; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 38323466
DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000001052 -
Veterinary Microbiology Mar 2024Porcine infectious pleuropneumonia (PCP) is a severe disease of porcine caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP). The spread of PCP remains a threat to the...
Porcine infectious pleuropneumonia (PCP) is a severe disease of porcine caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP). The spread of PCP remains a threat to the porcine farms and has been known to cause severe economic losses. The cAMP receptor protein (CRP) serves as a pivotal player in helping bacteria adapt to shifts in their environment, particularly when facing the challenges posed by bacterial infections. In this study, we investigated the role of CRP in APP. Our results revealed that crp mutant (Δcrp) strains were more sensitive to acidic and osmotic stress resistance and had lower biofilm formation ability than wild-type (WT) strains. Furthermore, the Δcrp strains showed deficiencies in anti-phagocytosis, adhesion, and invasion upon interaction with host cells. Mice infected with the Δcrp strains demonstrated reduced bacterial loads in their lungs compared to those infected with the WT strains. This study reveals the pivotal role of crp gene expression in regulating pleuropneumonia growth, stress resistance, iron utilization, biofilm formation, phagocytosis, adhesion, invasion and colonization. Our discoveries offer novel perspectives on understanding the development and progression of APP infections.
Topics: Animals; Swine; Mice; Pleuropneumonia; Biofilms; Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein; Lung; Actinobacillus Infections; Swine Diseases; Rodent Diseases
PubMed: 38308931
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110006 -
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer &... Dec 2023There is a liver damage in a serious side effect of regorafenib. Case 1 was a 54-year-old woman, and she had an operation of rectal cancer and metastasized to multiple...
There is a liver damage in a serious side effect of regorafenib. Case 1 was a 54-year-old woman, and she had an operation of rectal cancer and metastasized to multiple organs afterwards and started regorafenib as third-line. Erythema exudativum multiform developed on the 8th day after a start and regorafenib was canceled once and reduced on the 21st day when a skin symptom was relieved and restarted. However, because a significant rise of AST, ALT, T -Bil was recognized afterwards, regorafenib was canceled on the 27th day and enforced steroid pulse therapy and was relieved afterwards. Case 2 was a 61-year-old woman, and she had an operation of ascending colon cancer, ovarian metastasis and peritoneum dissemination. Regorafenib was started by frequent occurrence lung metastasis, cancerous pleurisy afterwards as fifth-line. Dissemination erythema developed on the 16th day and a liver damage developed on the 22nd day. Because a rise of AST, ALT went and was prolonged, liver biopsy was enforced in a cause close inspection purpose on the 45th day. A medicamentosus liver damage was diagnosed. The liver enzyme decreased afterwards. It may be easy to make the liver damage by regorafenib serious, and attention is necessary.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Colonic Neoplasms; Phenylurea Compounds; Ovarian Neoplasms; Erythema; Liver; Pyridines
PubMed: 38303354
DOI: No ID Found -
Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer &... Dec 2023The patient is a 51-year-old female with comorbidity of schizophrenia. At the age of 41, she underwent surgery for bilateral breast cancer. Both sides were of the...
The patient is a 51-year-old female with comorbidity of schizophrenia. At the age of 41, she underwent surgery for bilateral breast cancer. Both sides were of the Luminal type, with Stage ⅢC on the right and Stage 0 on the left. She started to receive adjuvant chemotherapy but it was interrupted according to her wish. Approximately 3 years ago, she developed carcinomatous pleuritis, multiple liver metastases, and bone metastases. Despite receiving chemotherapy, her condition worsened. A BRACAnalysis revealed pathogenic variants in BRCA2. Upon initiating treatment with olaparib, both her liver metastases and carcinomatous pleuritis have shown reductions, and her tumor markers have also started to decline. Approximately 5 months after treatment with olaparib, it has been possible to continue without any side effects. Olaparib has shown good results in patients with germline BRCA1/2 mutation-positive HER2-negative advanced/recurrent breast cancer who have a history of receiving anthracycline and taxane-based therapies. It was considered that even in recurrent breast cancer, the presence or absence of BRCA1/2 mutations should be actively sought even in advanced cases, and the administration of olaparib should be considered.
Topics: Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Breast Neoplasms; BRCA1 Protein; BRCA2 Protein; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Liver Neoplasms; Pleurisy; Phthalazines; Piperazines
PubMed: 38303292
DOI: No ID Found -
FASEB Journal : Official Publication of... Feb 2024
PubMed: 38300217
DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400082 -
Pediatric Emergency Care May 2024Pigtail thoracostomy (PT) has become the mainstay technique for the drainage of pediatric pleuropneumonic effusions (PLPe). However, its efficacy and complication...
OBJECTIVE
Pigtail thoracostomy (PT) has become the mainstay technique for the drainage of pediatric pleuropneumonic effusions (PLPe). However, its efficacy and complication profile has been questioned when compared with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and larger bore traditional tube thoracostomy. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy, safety, and complications associated with PT.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study at a freestanding tertiary children's hospital. We extracted the medical records of all children aged younger than 18 years treated with PT for PLPe from June 2016 to June 2020. The primary efficacy outcome was treatment failure defined as the need for a repeat drainage procedure, thoracostomy, or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Secondary efficacy outcomes were length of hospital stay (LOS) and duration of in situ PT. The primary safety outcomes were adverse events during or after insertion. We also recorded any associated complications.
RESULTS
During the study period, 55 children required PT. The median age was 25 months (interquartile range, 14-52) and 58.2% were boys. Eight (14.4%) were bacteremic or in septic shock. There were no adverse events related to insertion. Forty-two (76.3%) children were treated with fibrinolysis. There were 2 (3.6%) treatment failures. The median LOS and PT durations were 13 and 4 days (interquartile ranges, 10-14.8, 3-6.7), respectively. Eight (14.4%) children experienced complications that were nonoperatively managed.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that PT drainage offers a safe and highly effective option for managing PLPe and carries a very low failure rate.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Thoracostomy; Cross-Sectional Studies; Child, Preschool; Infant; Pleuropneumonia; Length of Stay; Drainage; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Postoperative Complications; Child; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted; Adolescent
PubMed: 38227781
DOI: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000003111 -
The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics 2023Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most common and autosomal recessive inherited autoinflammatory disease. The most common signs and symptoms are fever, abdominal...
BACKGROUND
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is the most common and autosomal recessive inherited autoinflammatory disease. The most common signs and symptoms are fever, abdominal pain, chest pain, and arthritis. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, laboratory and genetic differences between pediatric FMF patients with and without chest pain.
METHODS
Between January 2006 and January 2022, 1134 patients with FMF were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups including those with and without recurrent chest pain. These groups were compared in demographic, clinical, treatment, and MEFV gene analyses.
RESULTS
A hundred and sixty-two (14.3%) patients had recurrent chest pain. In patients with recurrent chest pain, the age of onset of symptoms was younger (p=0.003), and the family history of FMF was higher (p=0.002). Patients with chest pain had a higher annual attack frequency (p < 0.001), a longer attack duration (p < 0.001), and higher Pras disease activity scores (p < 0.001). The colchicine dose used in the treatment was higher in FMF patients with chest pain (p=0.005), and anti-IL-1treatment was higher (p < 0.001). M694V homozygous mutation was found more frequently (p=0.001), whereas M694V/V726A mutation was found less frequently in patients with recurrent chest pain (p=0.017).
CONCLUSIONS
Patients with recurrent chest pain seem to have early onset symptoms, often are more likely to have family history, and have a higher disease severity. In addition, the presence of homozygous M694V mutation is more common in patients with chest pain.
Topics: Humans; Child; Familial Mediterranean Fever; Retrospective Studies; Fever; Abdominal Pain; Chest Pain; Pyrin
PubMed: 38204312
DOI: 10.24953/turkjped.2023.227