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International Journal of Systematic and... Dec 2021An obligately anaerobic strain, designated as A2931, was isolated from oropharyngeal abscess puncture fluid of a patient sampled during routine care at a hospital and...
An obligately anaerobic strain, designated as A2931, was isolated from oropharyngeal abscess puncture fluid of a patient sampled during routine care at a hospital and further characterized both phenotypically, biochemically and genotypically. This Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium was moderately saccharolytic and proteolytic. Phylogenetic analyses of full-length 16S rRNA gene and whole-genome sequences revealed it to be best placed in the genus , but to be only comparatively distantly related to recognized species, with the closest relationship to (average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values both well below the generally accepted thresholds). Strain A2931 had a genomic DNA G+C content of 47.7 mol%. Its most abundant cellular long-chain fatty acids were anteiso-C, iso-C and C. Taken together, this polyphasic data suggests strain A2931 to represent a novel species within the genus , for which the name sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is A2931 (=DSM 108028=CCOS 1232=CCUG 72806). Interestingly, we found strain A2931 to correspond to the oral taxon HMT-820 in the Human Oral Microbiome Database, as supported by overall genome relatedness index analyses >99 %. Thus, our work not only closes one of the gaps of knowledge about hitherto unnamed species isolated from humans, but also will facilitate identification of this taxon both in the clinical microbiology context and in research alike.
Topics: Abscess; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Humans; Oropharynx; Phylogeny; Prevotella; Punctures; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 34908520
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005146 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2021Patients with Crohn's disease frequently develop oral health problems and show a higher prevalence of oral manifestations, such as dental caries and periodontitis, than...
Patients with Crohn's disease frequently develop oral health problems and show a higher prevalence of oral manifestations, such as dental caries and periodontitis, than healthy individuals do. In this study, a metagenomic analysis was carried out to characterize the salivary microbiota in patients with either periodontitis or Crohn's disease-associated periodontitis. Saliva samples were collected from six patients with both Crohn's disease and periodontitis (Cm group), six patients with periodontitis alone (Pm group), and six healthy individuals (Hm group). Genomic DNA was collected from these samples for high-throughput Illumina HiSeq metagenomic sequencing. The composition of the bacterial communities and their metabolic pathways and gene functions were characterized and compared among the three study groups. The salivary microbial communities were significantly different among the three groups, with Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes showing the most significant differences. The Cm and Pm groups had higher abundances of , , , and than the Hm group. The Cm and Pm groups also showed differences in their salivary microbial communities, in that the Cm group had relatively high abundances of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, whereas the Pm group had relatively high abundances of Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Fusobacteria. In total, 34 Pm-associated (e.g., Fusobacteria and ), 18 Cm-associated (e.g., and ), and 18 Hm-associated (e.g., and Bacillales) predominant microbial species were identified. Most genes were involved in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, with those of the Cm and Pm groups showing more similarity to one another but significant differences from those of the Hm group. Most of the antibiotic resistance genes were found in the Pm group. In conclusion, the salivary microbial community structure and abundance were distinct among patients with Crohn's disease-associated periodontitis, patients with periodontitis, and healthy individuals. Further studies are needed to evaluate the potential value of these microbiota and microbiome differences in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases.
Topics: Corynebacterium; Crohn Disease; Dental Caries; Humans; Microbiota; Periodontitis; Prevotella; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Saliva
PubMed: 34646784
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.719411 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2021Previous studies have focused on the rumen microbiome and enteric methane (CH) emissions in dairy cows, yet little is known about steers, especially steers of dairy...
Previous studies have focused on the rumen microbiome and enteric methane (CH) emissions in dairy cows, yet little is known about steers, especially steers of dairy breeds. In the present study, we comparatively examined the rumen microbiota, fermentation characteristics, and CH emissions from six non-cannulated Holstein (710.33 ± 43.02 kg) and six Jersey (559.67 ± 32.72 kg) steers. The steers were fed the same total mixed ration (TMR) for 30 days. After 25 days of adaptation to the diet, CH emissions were measured using GreenFeed for three consecutive days, and rumen fluid samples were collected on last day using stomach tubing before feeding (0 h) and 6 h after feeding. CH production (g/d/animal), CH yield (g/kg DMI), and CH intensity (g/kg BW) were higher in the Jersey steers than in the Holstein steers. The lowest pH value was recorded at 6 h after feeding. The Jersey steers had lower rumen pH and a higher concentration of ammonia-nitrogen (NH-N). The Jersey steers had a numerically higher molar proportion of acetate than the Holstein steers, but the opposite was true for that of propionate. Metataxonomic analysis of the rumen microbiota showed that the two breeds had similar species richness, Shannon, and inverse Simpson diversity indexes. Principal coordinates analysis showed that the overall rumen microbiota was different between the two breeds. Both breeds were dominated by , and its highest relative abundance was observed 6 h after feeding. The genera , , and the species , and were more abundant in Holstein steers while the genera , , and the species , and in the Jersey steers. The Jersey steers were dominated by while the Holstein steers by . The overall results suggest that sampling hour has little influence on the rumen microbiota; however, breeds of steers can affect the assemblage of the rumen microbiota and different mitigation strategies may be needed to effectively manipulate the rumen microbiota and mitigate enteric CH emissions from these steers.
PubMed: 33868186
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.601061 -
Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic... Dec 2020We report the case of a lung abscess due to Prevotella baroniae with a co-infection by Abiotrophia defective, which is a 'nutritionally variant streptococci' (NVS), in a...
We report the case of a lung abscess due to Prevotella baroniae with a co-infection by Abiotrophia defective, which is a 'nutritionally variant streptococci' (NVS), in a 48-year-old patient. The delayed diagnosis of this co-infection led to multiple failures of medical treatment and need for surgery. Pathogenicity of these bacteria is well known, particularly in endocarditis, but not in lung infection. In pulmonary abscesses, co-infection with NVS is difficult to detect. It may explain some medical treatment failures. This case highlights the importance to systematically search for and consider NVS in such clinical contexts.
Topics: Abiotrophia; Coinfection; Delayed Diagnosis; Endocarditis; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Lung; Lung Abscess; Male; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 33155050
DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivaa212