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Case Reports in Otolaryngology 2024Absence or aplasia of the major salivary glands is an uncommon diagnosis and is often associated with other congenital abnormalities. Agenesis of a single submandibular...
BACKGROUND
Absence or aplasia of the major salivary glands is an uncommon diagnosis and is often associated with other congenital abnormalities. Agenesis of a single submandibular gland, however, is an even more rare phenomenon and can be associated with hypertrophy of other salivary glands.
METHODS
A 48-year-old female presented to the clinic with a left-sided neck mass below her mandible. Workup including a CT scan showed an absent left-sided submandibular gland and an enlarged sublingual gland protruding through the mylohyoid muscle.
RESULTS
The patient underwent a transoral resection of the mass with subsequent resolution of the mass. The pathology returned as normal salivary gland tissue.
CONCLUSIONS
Sublingual gland hypertrophy is a very uncommon presentation for a patient with a neck mass. This situation can arise in the setting of submandibular gland aplasia and compensatory hypertrophy of other salivary glands.
PubMed: 38939733
DOI: 10.1155/2024/8610465 -
Macromolecular Bioscience Jun 2024When a tooth is diseased or damaged through caries, bioactive molecules are liberated from the pulp and dentin as part of the natural response to injury and these are...
When a tooth is diseased or damaged through caries, bioactive molecules are liberated from the pulp and dentin as part of the natural response to injury and these are key molecules for stimulating stem cell responses for tissue repair. Incorporation of these extracellular matrix (ECM) derived molecules into a hydrogel model can mimic in vivo conditions to enable dentin-pulp complex regeneration. In this study, a chitosan/alginate (C/A) hydrogel was developed to sequester bovine ECM extracts. Human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) were cultured with these constructs and proliferation and cytotoxicity assays confirmed that these C/A hydrogels were bioactive. Sequential z-axis fluorescent imaging visualized hDPCs protruding into the hydrogel as it degraded. Alizarin red S staining showed hDPCs cultured with the hydrogels displayed increased calcium ion deposition, with dentin ECM stimulating the highest levels. Alkaline phosphatase activity was increased, as was expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) as demonstrated using immunocytochemistry. Directional analysis following phase contrast kinetic image capture demonstrated that both dentin and pulp ECM molecules acted as chemoattractants for hDPCs. Data from this study demonstrated that purified ECM from dental pulp and dentin when delivered in a C/A hydrogel stimulated dental tissue repair processes in vitro. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
PubMed: 38938070
DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202400254 -
Parasitology International Jun 2024A new genus, Cordicestus, is proposed to accommodate proteocephalid tapeworms parasitising gars (Lepisosteiformes: Lepisosteidae) in North and Central America that were...
A new genus, Cordicestus, is proposed to accommodate proteocephalid tapeworms parasitising gars (Lepisosteiformes: Lepisosteidae) in North and Central America that were previously placed in the polyphyletic genus Proteocephalus Weinland, 1858. The new genus differs from other proteocephalid genera by the particular morphology of the scolex, which is small, protrudes apically but has no apical organ, and bears flat, heart-shaped (= cordis) suckers. In addition, the species of the new genus have an elongated cirrus sac with an almost straight internal vas deferens, and wide, sinuous ventral osmoregulatory canals with secondary canals directed outwards. The type species of the new genus, Cordicestus singularis (La Rue, 1911) n. comb., is redescribed based on new material from the shortnose gar, Lepisosteus platostomus Rafinesque (type host), and the spotted gar, L. oculatus Winchell, in the United States. Cordicestus rafaeli n. sp. is described from the tropical gar, Atractosteus tropicus Gill, in Mexico. The new species differs from its relatives primarily by the presence of craspedote proglottids (acraspedote in other species) and some biometric features. The species of Cordicestus are discussed, including unidentified specimens from A. tropicus and the Cuban gar A. tristoechus (Bloch and Schneider) in Nicaragua and Cuba, respectively, which may be new species, and a key to identification of these taxa is provided. Molecular data available for two nominal species of the new genus indicate the possible existence of another species of Cordicestus in Lepisosteus in the USA.
PubMed: 38936764
DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2024.102916 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024The organic molecules adsorbed on antiferromagnetic surfaces can produce interesting interface states, characterized by charge transfer mechanisms, hybridization of...
The organic molecules adsorbed on antiferromagnetic surfaces can produce interesting interface states, characterized by charge transfer mechanisms, hybridization of molecular-substrate orbitals, as well as magnetic couplings. Here, we apply an ab initio approach to study the adsorption of Fe phthalocyanine on stoichiometric CrO(0001). The molecule binds via a bidentate configuration forming bonds between two opposite imide N atoms and two protruding Cr ones, making this preferred over the various possible adsorption structures. In addition to the local modifications at these sites, the electronic structure of the molecule is weakly influenced. The magnetic structure of the surface Cr atoms shows a moderate influence of molecule adsorption, not limited to the atoms in the close proximity of the molecule. Upon optical excitation at the onset, electron density moves toward the molecule, enhancing the ground state charge transfer. We investigate this movement of charge as a mechanism at the base of light-induced modifications of the magnetic structure at the interface.
PubMed: 38930954
DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122889 -
Annals of Surgical Oncology Jun 2024Surgery is the only curative treatment for retrohepatic inferior vena cava (r-IVC) leiomyosarcoma. Cavo-hepatic confluence invasion is a poor prognostic situation,...
Ex Situ Liver Resection and Autotransplantation with Retrohepatic Inferior Vena Cava Reconstruction and Atrial Thrombectomy Under Extracorporeal Circulation for Inferior Vena Cava Leiomyosarcoma.
BACKGROUND
Surgery is the only curative treatment for retrohepatic inferior vena cava (r-IVC) leiomyosarcoma. Cavo-hepatic confluence invasion is a poor prognostic situation, requiring extreme liver surgery for selected patients to achieve R margins (a crucial prognostic factor). Ex situ liver resection and autotransplantation (ELRA), developed by Pichlmayr et al., permits to achieve such R margin. METHODS: An 84-year-old patient in excellent condition (ECOG 0), without relevant past medical history, was referred for abdominal mass, bilateral lower limbs edema, and dyspnea. Workup revealed a large r-IVC leiomyosarcoma invading cavo-hepatic confluence and protruding in right atrium without any metastasis. After multidisciplinary consultation, surgical treatment was retained. Preoperative transoesophaegal echocardiography confirmed a 4-cm protruding tumoral thrombus in right atrium without abdominalisation possibility.
RESULTS
A sterno-laparotomy was performed, consisting of a right nephrectomy for exposure and en bloc total hepatectomy comprising r-IVC after atriotomy for intracardiac thrombectomy under extracorporeal circulation. Tumorectomy (rIVC + segment I and IX) was performed on back table followed by a r-IVC reconstruction through a tubulized homologous venous patch. Native IVC was reconstructed as well, permitting a side-to-side cavo-caval anastomosis for liver reimplantation. Postoperative evolution was eventless except for an early bile leak that required surgical exploration. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 32. Pathological examination confirmed r-IVC-leiomyosarcoma TNM R, FNCLCC grade 2. Eight months after surgery, general status was conserved with disappearance of symptoms, and IVC was permeable without leiomyosarcoma recurrence.
CONCLUSION
Ex situ liver resection and autotransplantation with atrial thrombectomy is a surgical possibility for R r-IVC leiomyosarcoma invading cavo-hepatic confluence in selected patients.
PubMed: 38926212
DOI: 10.1245/s10434-024-15622-0 -
Insects Jun 2024The abundance of insects in Burmese amber illustrates a highly diverse insect community from the mid-Cretaceous period; yet, records of crickets (Grylloidea) are notably...
The abundance of insects in Burmese amber illustrates a highly diverse insect community from the mid-Cretaceous period; yet, records of crickets (Grylloidea) are notably scarce. In this study, we describe two new genera with three new species, gen. et sp. nov., sp. nov., and gen. et sp. nov., based on three specimens collected in north Myanmar. These new species can be placed within the Trigonidiidae (Orthoptera: Grylloidea) by their triangular head, compound eyes that protrude in dorsal view, and a body entirely covered with robust setae, particularly noticeable in the head and pronotum; however, subfamily assignments are not possible. Another known species, , Xu et al., 2020, from Myanmar amber is redescribed based on a new specimen and a recheck of the holotype.
PubMed: 38921157
DOI: 10.3390/insects15060442 -
Cells Jun 2024The primary cilium, an antenna-like sensory organelle that protrudes from the surface of most eukaryotic cell types, has become a signaling hub of growing interest given...
The primary cilium, an antenna-like sensory organelle that protrudes from the surface of most eukaryotic cell types, has become a signaling hub of growing interest given that defects in its structure and/or function are associated with human diseases and syndromes, known as ciliopathies. With the continuously expanding role of primary cilia in health and diseases, identifying new players in ciliogenesis will lead to a better understanding of the function of this organelle. It has been shown that the primary cilium shares similarities with the immune synapse, a highly organized structure at the interface between an antigen-presenting or target cell and a lymphocyte. Studies have demonstrated a role for known cilia regulators in immune synapse formation. However, whether immune synapse regulators modulate ciliogenesis remains elusive. Here, we find that programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), an immune checkpoint protein and regulator of immune synapse formation, plays a role in the regulation of ciliogenesis. We found that PD-L1 is enriched at the centrosome/basal body and Golgi apparatus of ciliated cells and depleting PD-L1 enhanced ciliogenesis and increased the accumulation of ciliary membrane trafficking proteins Rab8a, BBS5, and sensory receptor protein PC-2. Moreover, PD-L1 formed a complex with BBS5 and PC-2. In addition, we found that depletion of PD-L1 resulted in the ciliary accumulation of Gli3 and the downregulation of Gli1. Our results suggest that PD-L1 is a new player in ciliogenesis, contributing to PC-2-mediated sensory signaling and the Hh signaling cascade.
Topics: Cilia; B7-H1 Antigen; Hedgehog Proteins; Signal Transduction; Humans; Animals; Mice; Centrosome; Golgi Apparatus
PubMed: 38920633
DOI: 10.3390/cells13121003 -
The Iowa Orthopaedic Journal 2024This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of lag screw exchange for painful lateral soft tissue impingement in patients initially treated with cephalomedullary...
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of lag screw exchange for painful lateral soft tissue impingement in patients initially treated with cephalomedullary nailing (CMN) for an intertrochanteric hip fracture.
METHODS
Ten patients initially treated with CMN for unstable intertrochanteric fractures presenting with persistent pain and radiographic evidence of lag screw lateral migration were treated with exchange of original screw with shorter lag screw buried in the lateral cortex to prevent impingement. Patients were evaluated for resolution of pain and achievement of pre-fracture ambulatory status at 6 months post-operatively.
RESULTS
Average age was 71.5 years (range: 62-88). Average length of follow-up was 24.9 months. All patients were female, with an average Charlson Comorbidity Index of 1.0 (0-3) and average Body Mass Index of 22.2 (16.0-31.1). Five of ten patients (50.0%) were treated with a cortisone injection in the trochanteric bursa prior to screw exchange with temporary pain relief. Five (50.0%) patients presented with limited range of hip motion. Five (50.0%) had history of prior or current bisphosphonate use. Average lag screw prominence was noted to be 12.2mm (7.9-17.6mm) on radiographic evaluation. Screw exchange was performed at an average of 18.6 months (5.4-44.9 months) following the index procedure. Average operating time of the screw exchange procedure was 45.3 minutes (34-69 minutes) and blood loss was <50mL in all cases. Replacement lag screws were an average of 16.0mm (10-25mm) shorter than the initial screw. All patients achieved complete or significant resolution of lateral thigh pain, and nine (90%) returned to pre-fracture ambulatory status by eight weeks after screw exchange. All patients remained pain free at six months after screw exchange.
CONCLUSION
Lag screw exchange is a efficacious method to address the mechanical irritation of laterally protruding lag screws following IT hip fracture, while also prophylaxing against subsequent femoral neck fractures. .
Topics: Humans; Female; Hip Fractures; Aged; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary; Bone Screws; Aged, 80 and over; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome; Reoperation; Bone Nails; Range of Motion, Articular
PubMed: 38919366
DOI: No ID Found -
Inorganic Chemistry Jun 2024Several measures, including crude oil recovery improvement and carbon dioxide (CO) conversion into valuable chemicals, have been considered to decrease the greenhouse...
Several measures, including crude oil recovery improvement and carbon dioxide (CO) conversion into valuable chemicals, have been considered to decrease the greenhouse effect and ensure a sustainable low-carbon future. The Knoevenagel condensation and CO fixation have been introduced as two principal solutions to these challenges. In the present study for the first time, bio-metal-organic frameworks (MOF)(Cu)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites have been used as catalytic agents for these two reactions. In view of the attendance of amine groups, biological MOFs with NH functional groups as Lewis base sites protruding on the channels' internal surface were used. The bio-MOF(Cu)/20%GO performs efficaciously in CO fixation, leading to more than 99.9% conversion with TON = 525 via a solvent-free reaction under a 1 bar CO atmosphere. It has been shown that these frameworks are highly catalytic due to the Lewis basic sites, i.e., NH, pyrimidine, and C═O groups. Besides, the Lewis base active sites exert synergistic effects and render bio-MOF(Cu)/10%GO nanostructures as highly efficient catalysts, significantly accelerating Knoevenagel condensation reactions of aldehydes and malononitrile as substrates, thanks to the high TOF (1327 h) and acceptable reusability. Bio-MOFs can be stabilized in reactions using GO with oxygen-containing functional groups that contribute as efficient substitutes, leading to an expeditious reaction speed and facilitating substrate absorption.
PubMed: 38916987
DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02036 -
Iranian Journal of Public Health May 2024Oral infections have been seen in humans since ancient times. Excessive penetration of this infection can cause human death. Most of these infections are gum cysts and...
BACKGROUND
Oral infections have been seen in humans since ancient times. Excessive penetration of this infection can cause human death. Most of these infections are gum cysts and abscesses. The cyst creates large hard lumps in the gums, which is causes loose, and protruding teeth and abscesses, causing cavities in the jawbone and teeth. In this article, we have discussed for this infectious disease in 4000 - year - old ancient humans from Qazvin Province, Iran. The bone remains of our research are related to Sagezabad ancient cemetery in Qazvin plain.
METHODS
We tried to use reliable international atlases to get detailed information about ancient oral infections. The bones were extracted from the 2019 excavation of the Ghara Tappe area of Sagezabad for the Iron Age 2 and 3 Qazvin plains of Iran. This cemetery belongs to the period of the Medes Kingdom (pre - Achaemenian kingdom) in Iran.
RESULTS
We have discussed one of the ancient cemeteries with a large number of ancient populations. In this cemetery, there are signs of war and infectious diseases on the bones, which can be clearly seen. We have specially mentioned the abscess as the cause of oral infection from Sagezabad cemetery.
CONCLUSION
Oral infection existed in Iran since 2000 BC. Of course, this infection was common in ancient times and even Paleolithic period, like Homo Heidelbergensis.
PubMed: 38912151
DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i5.15593