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Journal of Chromatography. A Jul 2022Sulfonamides (SAs) were widespread in animal-derived food at trace level, which could trigger hazards to human health. Herein, electric field enhanced thin-film...
Sulfonamides (SAs) were widespread in animal-derived food at trace level, which could trigger hazards to human health. Herein, electric field enhanced thin-film microextraction (EE-TFME) was developed based on carbon cloth (CC) modified with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for extraction of SAs (sulfadiazine, sulfathiazole, sulfamerazine, sulfadimidine, sulfamethoxazole and sulfisoxazole), which were a series of polar analytes. MIL-101(Cr) was in situ synthesized on CC via hydrothermal reaction and then was used as positive electrode in EE-TFME for adsorption of SAs. Compared with traditional TFME, EE-TFME shortened extraction equilibrium time from 30 min to 15 min. Coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the limits of detection (LODs) were 2.5-4.5 µg/L, while the repeatability and intermediate precision was lower than 9.1%. Quantitative determination of SAs in extracts of animal-derived samples, such as honey, pork, chicken and milk, was achieved with recoveries from 81.7% to 114.2%. The developed MOF/CC-based EE-TFME has a great potential in rapid extraction of similar polar or ionic analytes from complex food matrices.
Topics: Adsorption; Animals; Carbon; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Limit of Detection; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Sulfonamides
PubMed: 35598537
DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463120 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2022Antibacterial substances such as sulfonamides are widely used in veterinary medicine to treat many bacterial diseases. After their administration to animals, up to 90%...
Antibacterial substances such as sulfonamides are widely used in veterinary medicine to treat many bacterial diseases. After their administration to animals, up to 90% of the initial dose of the antibiotic is excreted in the feces and/or urine, which can be applied to farmland as natural or organic fertilizers. In this work, an analytical method was developed with the use of HPLC-FLD for the detection and quantification of five sulfonamides (sulfaguanidine, sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, sulamethazine and sulfamethoxazol) in poultry and pig feces, slurry and digestates. The method was validated according to EU requirements (Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and VICH GL49). Linearity, decision limit, detection capability, detection and quantification limits, recovery, precision, and selectivity were determined, and adequate results were obtained. Using the HPLC-FLD method for all analyzed matrices, recoveries were satisfactory (77.00-121.16%), with repeatability and reproducibility in the range of 4.36-17.34% to 7.94-18.55%, respectively. Decision limit (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ) were 33.87-67.63 and 53.36-92.00 µg/kg, respectively, and limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 13.53-23.30 and 26.02-40.38 µg/kg, respectively, depending on the analyte. The forty-four samples of natural and organic fertilizers were analyzed, and four samples showed sulfamethoxazole in the amount from range 158 to 11,070 µg/kg. The application of antibiotics including sulfonamides for farming animals is widespread and may lead to the development of antibiotic resistance and other environmental effects.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Fertilizers; Poland; Reproducibility of Results; Sulfonamides; Swine
PubMed: 35335395
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27062031 -
Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A,... May 2022Increased use of environmentally friendly practices has become a trend in science because of the current awareness regarding climate change and related issues. Similarly...
Increased use of environmentally friendly practices has become a trend in science because of the current awareness regarding climate change and related issues. Similarly for analytical chemistry, considering the development of greener methods for reducing the use of reagents and samples and also toxic waste generation. To meet such goals, automation, and miniaturisation of sample preparation-a well-recognised laborious and time-consuming analytical step-are two promising strategies. This work associates the greener aspects of miniaturisation and the performance of automated sample preparation. Therefore, we proposed an analytical method using a miniaturised extraction column for pre-concentrating sulphamerazine, sulphamethazine, sulphamethoxazole, sulphadimethoxine, sulphathiazole, and sulphachlorpyridazine from honey and cleaning-up the samples. Several variables were optimised: extractive phase, loading flow, loading phase, and loading time. Under optimised conditions, the method showed adequate linearity between 5.0 and 60 ng g with > 0.99, and also good selectivity and recovery (114.6-124.1%) which are acceptable according to Brazilian legislation. Intra and inter-day precision were in the range 3.0-5.0%. Although sulphonamides were detected in one of the eight commercial honey samples, the value was below the established MRL. The method showed efficiency, while also exhibiting greener characteristics resulting from miniaturisation and automation, representing a promising environmentally friendly alternative for conventional sample preparation methods.
Topics: Brazil; Chromatography, Liquid; Honey; Sulfonamides; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
PubMed: 35333701
DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2045364 -
The Science of the Total Environment Jun 2022Antibiotics have received increased attention as emerging contaminants due to their toxicity and potential risk. Landfills serve as one of the important reservoirs of...
Antibiotics have received increased attention as emerging contaminants due to their toxicity and potential risk. Landfills serve as one of the important reservoirs of antibiotics. The antibiotics in landfills leaching to nearby environment by leachate may threat ecosystem health. The present study aimed to evaluate the levels of tetracyclines (TCs) and sulfonamides (SAs) in seven Chinese Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) landfill leachates over two years (2017-2018). Seven target antibiotics, TC, oxytetracycline (OTC), doxycycline (DXC), sulfonamide sulfadiazine (SD), sulfamerazine (SM), sulfamethazine (SMX), and sulfamethoxazole (SMT), were detected in 56 landfill leachate samples. Among these, SMT had the highest mean concentration at 654 ng/L (n = 45), followed by OTC (219.58 ng/L, n = 47), and SD (209.98 ng/L, n = 49). The temporal trend showed that antibiotic concentrations were higher in 2017 than in 2018. Furthermore, physicochemical properties were significantly correlated with SAs (p < 0.05), whereas no significant correlation was found for TCs. Seasonal variation analysis revealed that antibiotic levels were higher in spring and winter compared to summer and fall seasons, which might be attributed to the higher waterfall levels in these seasons. Risk assessment revealed that SAs (SM, SMX, SMT) are associated with high risk, and the RQs follow the order of: SMX > SMT > SM. In contrast, TCs had insignificant risk. The findings of this two-year comprehensive monitoring project have produced positive results regarding antibiotic pollution at landfill sites, which can be applied to antibiotics management in landfill and further ensure public health.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ecosystem; Oxytetracycline; Refuse Disposal; Risk Assessment; Seasons; Solid Waste; Sulfamethoxazole; Sulfanilamide; Sulfonamides; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines; Waste Disposal Facilities; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 35189208
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153936 -
Journal of Separation Science May 2022A magnetic solid phase extraction method based on magnetic covalent organic frameworks (TpBD@Fe O ; 2,4,6-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) and benzidine (BD)) combined with...
A magnetic solid phase extraction method based on magnetic covalent organic frameworks (TpBD@Fe O ; 2,4,6-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) and benzidine (BD)) combined with high performance liquid chromatography has been developed to detect the sulfonamides including sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine, and sulfamethoxazole in milk and meat. TpBD@Fe O were synthesized at room temperature under mild reaction conditions with a simple and rapid operation. The TpBD@Fe O exhibited higher extraction efficiency because of the π-π and electrostatic interactions between the benzene ring structure of the TpBD and the sulfonamide molecules. The extraction conditions including the dosage of adsorbents, the type and dosage of eluent, the elution time, and the pH of the sample solution were fully optimized. The detection results showed good linearity over a wide range (50-5 × 10 ng/mL) and low detection limits (3.39-5.77 ng/mL) for the sulfonamide targets. The practicability of this magnetic solidphase extraction-high-performance liquid chromatography method was further evaluated by analyzing milk and meat samples, with recoveries of the targets of 71.6-110.8% in milk and 71.9-109.7% in pork. The successful detection of sulfonamides residues has demonstrated the TpBD@Fe O excellent practical potential for analyzing pharmaceutical residues in animal-derived foods.
Topics: Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Food Contamination; Limit of Detection; Magnetic Phenomena; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Solid Phase Extraction; Sulfonamides; Temperature
PubMed: 35178864
DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100978 -
Environmental Research Jul 2022Graphitic carbon nitride (CN), as a non-metal material, has emerged as a promising photocatalyst to address environmental issues with the favorable band gap and chemical...
Graphitic carbon nitride (CN), as a non-metal material, has emerged as a promising photocatalyst to address environmental issues with the favorable band gap and chemical stability. The porous oxygen-doped CN nanosheets (CNO) were synthesized by an ecofriendly and efficient self-assembled approach using a sole urea as the precursor. The CNO photocatalysts were derived from the hydrogen-bonded cyanuric acid-urea supramolecular complex, which were obtained by pretreatment of urea at high temperature and pressure. The homogeneous supramolecular assembly was advantageous to the formation of uniform porous and oxygen-doped CN nanosheets. The formation process of the supramolecular intermediate and the CNO nanosheets were investigated. Moreover, doping amount of O in CNO could be controlled by the time of the high-pressure thermal polymerization of urea. The characterization results shown that the O atoms were successfully doped into the framework of CN by substitution the N atoms to form the C-O structures. The obtained CNO photocatalysts demonstrated the excellent visible-light photocatalytic performances for sulfamerazine (SMR) degradation, which was ascribed to synergistic interaction of porous structure and O doping. The degradation intermediates of SMR were identified and the degradation pathway were also proposed. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations proved that O doping changed the electronic structure of CN, resulting in more easier to activate O. This work provides a novel perceptive for the development of high-performance nonmetal photocatalysts by using the homogeneous supramolecular assembly, which exhibits great potential in the environmental treatment.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Catalysis; Environmental Pollutants; Graphite; Light; Nitrogen Compounds; Oxygen; Urea
PubMed: 35167850
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112920 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2022A multiclass and multiresidue method for simultaneously screening and confirming veterinary drugs, mycotoxins, and pesticides in bovine milk was developed and validated...
Multiclass Comparative Analysis of Veterinary Drugs, Mycotoxins, and Pesticides in Bovine Milk by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Hybrid Quadrupole-Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry.
A multiclass and multiresidue method for simultaneously screening and confirming veterinary drugs, mycotoxins, and pesticides in bovine milk was developed and validated with ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-hybrid quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Qtrap-MS). A total of 209 targeted contaminants were effectively extracted using an optimized QuEChERS method. Quantitative and qualitative confirmation were achieved simultaneously by multiple reaction monitoring-information-dependent acquisition-enhanced product ion (MRM-IDA-EPI) scan mode. The validation results exhibited a good sensitivity with the LOQs of 0.05-5 μg/kg, which was satisfactory for their MRLs in China or EU. The recoveries of in-house spiked samples were in the range of 51.20-129.76% with relative standard deviations (RSD) between replicates ( = 3) 0.82% and 19.76%. The test results of 140 milk samples from supermarkets and dairy farms in China showed that cloxacillin, aflatoxin M1, acetamiprid, and fipronil sulfone were found with lower concentrations. Combined with the residue results from the literature, penicillin G and cloxacillin (beta-lactams), enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolones), and sulfamerazine (sulfonamides) were more frequently detected in different countries and need to receive more attention regarding their monitoring and control.
PubMed: 35159483
DOI: 10.3390/foods11030331 -
International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2021Antibiotic resistance is a global problem, and one promising solution to overcome this issue is using metallodrugs, which are drugs containing metal ions and ligands....
Antibiotic resistance is a global problem, and one promising solution to overcome this issue is using metallodrugs, which are drugs containing metal ions and ligands. These complexes are superior to free ligands in various characteristics including anticancer properties and mechanism of action. The pharmacological potential of metallodrugs can be modulated by the appropriate selection of ligands and metal ions. A good example of proper coordination is the combination of sulfonamides (sulfamerazine, sulfathiazole) with a ruthenium(III) ion. This work aimed to confirm that the activity of sulfonamides antibacterial drugs is initiated and/or stimulated by their coordination to an Ru(III) ion. The study determined the structure, electrochemical profile, -DNA affinity, and antimicrobial as well as anticancer properties of the synthesized complexes. The results proved that Ru(III) complexes exhibited better biological properties than the free ligands.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Coordination Complexes; DNA; Electrochemistry; Ligands; Molecular Structure; Ruthenium; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Sulfonamides
PubMed: 34948278
DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413482 -
Heliyon Dec 2021This article describes the initial study on the simultaneous determination of multiclass antibiotic residues in imported and local frozen poultry specimens, including...
Detection and quantification of multiclass antibiotic residues in poultry products using solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection.
This article describes the initial study on the simultaneous determination of multiclass antibiotic residues in imported and local frozen poultry specimens, including turkey gizzard and muscle tissues, and chicken muscle tissues, commonly consumed in Ogun State, Nigeria. Minced tissues were treated with phosphate buffer adjusted to pH 7 that was cleaned using C18 SPE-column (Supelclean™) cartridge. For the determination of six antibiotic residues including fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, and macrolides, a solid-phase extraction method was used, followed by extract analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The coefficient of determination (R) for the external standards for all the analytes ranged between 0.963 and 0.999. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) ranged between 5.37 - 55.4 μg/kg, and 17.9-185 μg/kg, respectively. Enrofloxacin, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamerazine, and tylosin showed high concentration levels in the frozen poultry beyond acceptable maximum residue limits (MRLs). The six drugs considered in this study were present at higher concentrations in domestic chicken tissues than the permissible level. This suggests that farmers do not observe the cessation period before poultry birds previously treated with antibiotics are sold to consumers thus exposing them to potentially hazardous antibiotic residues.
PubMed: 34917790
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08469 -
Journal of Environmental Health Science... Dec 2021Antibiotic pollution in aquatic systems is a concern for human and environmental health. The concern is largely due to the global occurrence of antibiotic-resistant...
UNLABELLED
Antibiotic pollution in aquatic systems is a concern for human and environmental health. The concern is largely due to the global occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. From 2017 to 2018 in the NC Piedmont, 15 ion masses associated with antibiotics were detected in rural streams and groundwater. Four of these masses were confirmed to be antibiotics through target analysis (sulfamethoxazole, sulfamerazine, erythromycin, danofloxacin). Concentrations of antibiotics were as high as 1.8 μg/L. As a follow-up, antibiotic residues in urban streams sites in Greensboro, NC, USA, were investigated. Urban streams are heavily influenced by the dense populations surrounding them. In the fall, winter, and spring seasons, surface water was collected from eight sites along two urban streams. Sampling was conducted at streams sites above and below municipal hospitals and wastewater treatment facilities in the study area. At the conclusion of the survey, nine ion masses associated with antibiotics used in both human and veterinary medicine were detected from surface water collected. Three of the four antibiotics targeted in rural stream samples were detected and confirmed in urban stream samples (sulfamerazine, danofloxacin, and erythromycin). Detection frequencies of the three antibiotics ranged from 0 to 46%. Concentrations of each target antibiotic was as followed: SMX (0 to <10 ng/L), SMR (0 to <11 ng/L), DAN (0 to <20 ng/L), and ETM (0 to <15 ng/L). Each target antibiotic concentration was below our methods quantification limits. Our risk assessment analysis showed that the target antibiotics posed no risk to fish, daphnia, and green algae within this region of NC (RQ < 0.1). Compared to rural streams in this region of NC, antibiotic pollution is less prevalent in urban streams. The differences between urban and rural streams may be driven by the varying land use and suggest more research should be dedicated to monitoring these contaminants in rural areas of the United States.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40201-021-00688-9.
PubMed: 34900268
DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00688-9