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Biomacromolecules Jul 2024The surface of food processing equipment is easily affected by biofilm-forming bacteria, leading to cross-contamination and food safety hazards. The critical issue is...
The surface of food processing equipment is easily affected by biofilm-forming bacteria, leading to cross-contamination and food safety hazards. The critical issue is how to endow the surface of contact materials with antibacterial and antibiofilm abilities. A sustainable, stable, and antibiofilm coating was prepared by phase transition of glutenin. The disulfide bonds in glutenin were reduced by tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine, triggering the phase transition of glutenin. Hydrophobic interactions and intermolecular disulfide bonds may be the primary forces. Furthermore, the phase-transited products formed a nanoscale coating on the surface of stainless steel and glass under their own adhesion force and gravity. The coating exhibited good stability in harsh environments. More importantly, after 3 h of direct contact, the colony of and decreased by one logarithm. The amount of biofilm was observed to be significantly decreased through optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. This article provides a foundational module for developing novel coatings.
PubMed: 38956952
DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00422 -
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Jul 2024Artificial photosynthesis is an effective way of converting CO into fuel and high value-added chemicals. However, the sluggish interfacial electron transfer and...
Artificial photosynthesis is an effective way of converting CO into fuel and high value-added chemicals. However, the sluggish interfacial electron transfer and adsorption of CO at the catalyst surface strongly hamper the activity and selectivity of CO reduction. Here, we report a photocathode attaching zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) onto a ZnTe surface to mimic an aquatic leaf featuring stoma and chlorophyll for efficient photoelectrochemical conversion of CO into CO. ZIF-8 possessing high CO adsorption capacity and diffusivity has been selected to enrich CO into nanocages and provide a large number of catalytic active sites. ZnTe with high light-absorption capacity serves as a light-absorbing layer. CO molecules are collected in large nanocages of ZIF-8 and delivered to the ZnTe surface. As evidenced by scanning electrochemical microscopy, the interface can effectively boost interfacial electron transfer kinetics. The ZIF-8/ZnTe photocathode with unsaturated Zn-N sites exhibits a high Faradaic efficiency for CO production of 92.9% and a large photocurrent of 6.67 mA·cm at -2.48 V (vs Fc/Fc) in a nonaqueous electrolyte at AM 1.5G solar irradiation (100 mW·cm).
PubMed: 38956932
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06921 -
Journal of Morphology Jul 2024Using histological cross-sections, the chondrocranium anatomy was reconstructed for two developmental stages of Hermann's tortoise (Testudo hermanni). The morphology... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Using histological cross-sections, the chondrocranium anatomy was reconstructed for two developmental stages of Hermann's tortoise (Testudo hermanni). The morphology differs from the chondrocrania of most other turtles by a process above the ectochoanal cartilage with Pelodiscus sinensis being the only other known species with such a structure. The anterior and posterior processes of the tectum synoticum are better developed than in most other turtles and an ascending process of the palatoquadrate is missing, which is otherwise only the case in pleurodiran turtles. The nasal region gets proportionally larger during development. We interpret the enlargement of the nasal capsules as an adaption to increase the surface area of the olfactory epithelium for better perception of volant odors. Elongation of the nasal capsules in trionychids, in contrast, is unlikely to be related to olfaction, while it is ambiguous in the case of Sternotherus odoratus. However, we have to conclude that research on chondrocranium anatomy is still at its beginning and more comprehensive detailed descriptions in relation to other parts of the anatomy are needed before providing broad-scale ecological and phylogenetic interpretations.
Topics: Animals; Turtles; Skull; Cartilage
PubMed: 38956884
DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21747 -
MAbs 2024Precise measurement of the binding activity changes of therapeutic antibodies is important to determine the potential critical quality attributes (CQAs) in...
Early determination of potential critical quality attributes of therapeutic antibodies in developability studies through surface plasmon resonance-based relative binding activity assessment.
Precise measurement of the binding activity changes of therapeutic antibodies is important to determine the potential critical quality attributes (CQAs) in developability assessment at the early stage of antibody development. Here, we report a surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based relative binding activity method, which incorporates both binding affinity and binding response and allows us to determine relative binding activity of antibodies with high accuracy and precision. We applied the SPR-based relative binding activity method in multiple forced degradation studies of antibody developability assessment. The current developability assessment strategy provided comprehensive, precise characterization of antibody binding activity in the stability studies, enabling us to perform correlation analysis and establish the structure-function relationship between relative binding activity and quality attributes. The impact of a given quality attribute on binding activity could be confidently determined without isolating antibody variants. We identified several potential CQAs, including Asp isomerization, Asn deamidation, and fragmentation. Some potential CQAs affected binding affinity of antibody and resulted in a reduction of binding activity. Certain potential CQAs impaired antibody binding to antigen and led to a loss of binding activity. A few potential CQAs could influence both binding affinity and binding response and cause a substantial decrease in antibody binding activity. Specifically, we identified low abundance Asn33 deamidation in the light chain complementarity-determining region as a potential CQA, in which all the stressed antibody samples showed Asn33 deamidation abundances ranging from 4.2% to 27.5% and a mild binding affinity change from 1.76 nM to 2.16 nM.
Topics: Surface Plasmon Resonance; Humans; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Affinity; Protein Binding; Animals
PubMed: 38956880
DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2024.2374607 -
The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Apr 2024The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate the microleakage of fiber-reinforced glass ionomer cement (GIC) and conventional glass ionomer cement restorations... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage of Fiber-reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement and Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement Restorations Immersed in Three Different Beverages: Study.
AIM
The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate the microleakage of fiber-reinforced glass ionomer cement (GIC) and conventional glass ionomer cement restorations immersed in three different beverages.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 96 human exfoliating deciduous molars were selected which were cleaned and disinfected. Standardized Class V cavity preparations were done and buccal surface were restored with experimental fiber-reinforced glass ionomer cement (Exp-FRGIC), lingual surface were restored with Type II conventional GIC. They were divided into four groups according to the test beverage. The samples were subjected to various immersion regimes and evaluated for microleakage under stereomicroscope.
RESULTS
Intragroup comparison for (Exp-FRGIC) showed significant microleakage when immersed in fresh fruit juice at high immersion whereas intragroup comparison in conventional GIC, showed highest microleakage with soft drink. Intergroup comparison of (Exp-FRGIC) in high immersion regime, showed more microleakage with specimen immersed in soft drink followed by fresh fruit juice.
CONCLUSION
It can thus be concluded that the three beverages used in the study affected the microleakage of both restorative materials significantly.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Increasing usage of fruit juices in the pediatric diet has a definite impact on the progression of caries and it directly or indirectly affects the quality of restorations placed in the oral cavity. How to cite this article: George MA, Chandak SA, Khekade SH, . Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage of Fiber-reinforced Glass Ionomer Cement and Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement Restorations Immersed in Three Different Beverages: In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(4):346-353.
Topics: Glass Ionomer Cements; Humans; Dental Leakage; Dental Restoration, Permanent; In Vitro Techniques; Beverages; Materials Testing; Fruit and Vegetable Juices; Molar; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 38956850
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3669 -
The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Apr 2024The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and strength of three various dentin-bonding agents used with adhesives on primary teeth.
AIM
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and strength of three various dentin-bonding agents used with adhesives on primary teeth.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study used 80 recently extracted, healthy human maxillary anterior primary teeth that had undergone physiologic resorption, or over-retention. Teeth were cut to expose a flat dentin surface at a depth of 1.5 mm. All samples were divided into four groups (20 samples in each group) as follows: Group I-Control group, Group II-Primary teeth bonding with 6th-generation bonding agent, Group III-Primary teeth bonding with 7th-generation bonding agent, Group IV-Primary teeth bonding with 8th-generation bonding agent. All of the samples' dentinal surfaces were covered with composite resin using a Teflon mold after adhesive had been applied. A universal testing machine (INSTRON) was used to assess the shear bond strength. Data were collected and statistically analyzed.
RESULTS
The maximum mean shear bond strength was found in 8th-generation bonding agent (30.76 ± 0.16), followed by 7th-generation bonding agent (26.08 ± 0.21), 6th-generation bonding agent (25.32 ± 0.06), and control group (6.18 ± 0.09). Statistically significant difference was found between the three different bonding agents ( < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
On conclusion, the 8th-generation bonding agent demonstrated a greater shear bond strength to dentin than the 7th and 6th-generation bonding agent.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The emergence of different bonding techniques to the market improves the durability and quality of restorations. An effective bonding to the tooth would also reduce bacterial penetration, marginal microleakage, possibility of pulpal inflammation preserve tooth structure, and postoperative sensitivity by allowing less cavity preparation. How to cite this article: Alqarni AS, Al Ghwainem A. Assessment of the Efficacy and Bond Strength of Different Dentin-bonding Agents with Adhesives on Primary Teeth: An Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(4):342-345.
Topics: Humans; Tooth, Deciduous; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Dental Bonding; Shear Strength; Dental Stress Analysis; In Vitro Techniques; Composite Resins; Materials Testing; Resin Cements; Dentin; Dental Cements
PubMed: 38956849
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3658 -
The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Apr 2024The aim of the present research was to assess the mesiodistal angulation of the maxillary anterior teeth utilizing Image J computer software, a Profile projector, and a...
AIM
The aim of the present research was to assess the mesiodistal angulation of the maxillary anterior teeth utilizing Image J computer software, a Profile projector, and a Custom-made jig.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 34 subjects (17 males and 17 females) were chosen from a group of 18-30 years old with bilateral Angle Class I molars and canine relationships. One manual approach (Custom-made jig) and two digital methods (J computer software, a Profile projector) were used to record the mesiodistal angulation in incisal view. The individuals had alginate impressions made, and a facebow was used to capture the maxilla's spatial relationship with the cranium. The articulated cast with the help of mounting ring moved to the specially customized jig, then the angulations was measured in the incisal view after the casts were placed in a semi-adjustable articulator. Data were recorded and statistically analyzed.
RESULTS
The mesiodistal angulation in the incisal view via three methods between the 17 males and 17 females has statistically significant different. Although the mesiodistal angulation for maxillary lateral incisor and canine did not show any statistically significant difference, the maximum and minimum values obtained were always greater in males in comparison with the females. This indicates that the positions of six maxillary anterior teeth in the males resulted in the creation of upward sweep of incisal edges of central and lateral incisors which was also referred to as "smiling line" producing masculine surface anatomy more squared and vigorous while feminine surface anatomy being more rounded, soft, and pleasant. There was no statistically significant difference between the right and left sides, indicating bilateral arch symmetry and the symmetrical place of the right teeth compared with the left side's corresponding teeth.
CONCLUSION
On conclusion, according to the current study's findings, all three approaches can measure the mesiodistal angulations of maxillary anterior teeth in incisal view with clinically acceptable accuracy. The digital methods, which included using the Image J computer software and the profile projector, achieved more accurate results than the manual method.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The outcomes of this study's mesiodistal angulations can be used as a reference for placing teeth in both fully and partially edentulous conditions. This study contributes to a better understanding of the importance of achieving the ideal occlusion in the Indian population by placing the maxillary anterior teeth at the proper mesiodistal angulation. How to cite this article: Shadaksharappa SH, Lahiri B, Kamath AG, . Evaluation of Mesiodistal Angulation of Maxillary Anterior Teeth in Incisal View Using Manual and Digital Methods: An In Vivo Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(4):320-325.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Maxilla; Adolescent; Incisor; Young Adult; Adult; Software; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Cuspid
PubMed: 38956845
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3651 -
The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Apr 2024This study aims to assess the synergistic effect of utilizing a bioceramic sealer, NeoPutty, with photobiomodulation (PBM) on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) for...
AIMS
This study aims to assess the synergistic effect of utilizing a bioceramic sealer, NeoPutty, with photobiomodulation (PBM) on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) for odontogenesis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Dental pulp stem cells were collected from 10 premolars extracted from healthy individuals. Dental pulp stem cells were characterized using an inverted-phase microscope to detect cell shape and flow cytometry to detect stem cell-specific surface antigens. Three experimental groups were examined: the NP group, the PBM group, and the combined NP and PBM group. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) experiment was conducted to assess the viability of DPSCs. The odontogenic differentiation potential was analyzed using Alizarin red staining, RT-qPCR analysis of odontogenic genes DMP-1, DSPP, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and western blot analysis for detecting BMP-2 and RUNX-2 protein expression. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a -test was employed to examine and compare the mean values of the results.
RESULTS
The study showed a notable rise in cell viability when NP and PBM were used together. Odontogenic gene expression and the protein expression of BMP-2 and RUNX-2 were notably increased in the combined group. The combined effect of NeoPutty and PBM was significant in enhancing the odontogenic differentiation capability of DPSCs.
CONCLUSION
The synergistic effect of NeoPutty and PBM produced the most positive effect on the cytocompatibility and odontogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Creating innovative regenerative treatments to efficiently and durably repair injured dental tissues. How to cite this article: Alshawkani HA, Mansy M, Al Ankily M, . Regenerative Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Response to a Bioceramic Dental Sealer and Photobiomodulation: An Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(4):313-319.
Topics: Dental Pulp; Humans; Stem Cells; Low-Level Light Therapy; Cell Differentiation; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; Odontogenesis; Root Canal Filling Materials; Alkaline Phosphatase; In Vitro Techniques; Cell Survival; Regeneration; Ceramics; Extracellular Matrix Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; Sialoglycoproteins; Phosphoproteins
PubMed: 38956844
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3676 -
Morphology of the scaphotrapeziotrapezoid joint: A multi-domain statistical shape modeling approach.Journal of Orthopaedic Research :... Jul 2024The scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT) joint is involved in load transmission between the wrist and thumb. A quantitative description of baseline STT joint morphometrics is...
The scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT) joint is involved in load transmission between the wrist and thumb. A quantitative description of baseline STT joint morphometrics is needed to capture the variation of normal anatomy as well as to guide staging of osteoarthritis. Statistical shape modeling (SSM) techniques quantify variations in three-dimensional shapes and relative positions. The objectives of this study are to describe the morphology of the STT joint using a multi-domain SSM. We asked: (1) What are the dominant modes of variation that impact bone and articulation morphology at the STT joint, and (2) what are the morphometrics of SSM-generated STT joints? Thirty adult participants were recruited to a computed tomography study of normal wrist imaging and biomechanics. Segmentations of the carpus were converted to three-dimensional triangular surface meshes. A multi-domain, particle-based entropy system SSM was used to quantify variation in carpal bone shape and position as well as articulation morphology. Articular surface areas and interosseous proximity distributions were calculated between mesh vertex pairs on adjacent bones within distance (2.0 mm) and surface-normal angular (35°) thresholds. In the SSM, the first five modes of variation captured 76.2% of shape variation and contributed to factors such as bone scale, articular geometries, and carpal tilt. Median interosseous proximities-a proxy for joint space-were 1.39 mm (scaphotrapezium), 1.42 mm (scaphotrapezoid), and 0.61 mm (trapeziotrapezoid). This study quantifies morphological and articular variations at the STT joint, presenting a range of normative anatomy. The range of estimated interosseous proximities may guide interpretation of imaging-derived STT joint space.
PubMed: 38956833
DOI: 10.1002/jor.25918 -
Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces... Jul 2024Superhydrophobic coatings are increasingly recognized as a promising approach to enhancing power generation efficiency and prolonging the operational lifespan of wind...
Superhydrophobic coatings are increasingly recognized as a promising approach to enhancing power generation efficiency and prolonging the operational lifespan of wind turbines. In this research, a durable superhydrophobic perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA) coating was developed and specifically designed for spray application onto the surface of wind turbine blades. The PFA coating features a micronano hierarchical structure, exhibiting a high water contact angle of 167.0° and a low sliding angle of 1.7°. The optimal PFA coating exhibits stability and maintains a superhydrophobic performance during mechanical and chemical tests. The findings of this study establish a positive association between the surface energy of the coating and its effectiveness in anti-icing. The delayed icing time for the PFA-coated surface is 46.83 times longer than that of an uncoated surface, and the ice adhesion strength is only 1.875 kPa. Additionally, the PFA coating demonstrates remarkably high ice suppression efficiencies of 94.7 and 99.5% in anti-icing experiments at ambient temperatures of -6 and -10 °C, respectively. It is anticipated that this stable superhydrophobic PFA coating will be a candidate for anti-icing applications in wind turbine blades.
PubMed: 38956832
DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01935