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Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery May 2024Despite concerns from 1980s case reports, oral isotretinoin, a derivative of Vitamin A, has largely proven to be safe in surgical procedures with the exception of deep...
Despite concerns from 1980s case reports, oral isotretinoin, a derivative of Vitamin A, has largely proven to be safe in surgical procedures with the exception of deep skin resurfacing. Isotretinoin modulates thinning skin and internal scarring in select rhinoplasty patients who may otherwise have poor definition and excessive scarring. A review of patients undergoing surgical interventions including rhinoplasty in the setting of concomitant isotretinoin was performed to examine safety and therapeutic potential. Forty-nine studies were reviewed. Isotretinoin use appears to be safe in a wide variety of surgical procedures relying on internal scar formation. In rhinoplasty, studies utilized oral isotretinoin to thin skin and improve appearance, patient and surgeon satisfaction. As such, the clinical potential for using oral isotretinoin in select rhinoplasty candidates such as those with thick glaborous sebaceous skin, ethnic, male, and/or revision patients, could mitigate internal scarring processes. Further studies examining the optimal dosing regimen and long-term benefits are warranted.
PubMed: 38857424
DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000011559 -
Cureus May 2024Vitamin deficiencies, especially after Bariatric surgery, are common and, when not properly addressed, can lead to debilitating complications. Bariatric procedures, to...
Vitamin deficiencies, especially after Bariatric surgery, are common and, when not properly addressed, can lead to debilitating complications. Bariatric procedures, to variable degrees, alter the anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal; this alteration makes these patients more susceptible to developing nutritional deficiencies. Peripheral neuropathy is one of the complications that can arise from nutritional deficiencies, and it can cause severe functional impairment. Vision loss is a relatively uncommon complication after weight loss procedure. Changes in the retinal nerve fiber layer, choroidal thickness, and visual fields due to hypovitaminosis result in nutritional optic neuropathy and retinopathy. The main retinal complication is nyctalopia (night blindness), which is caused by vitamin A deficiency. We present a case of concomitant peripheral neuropathy and vision loss secondary to reduced levels of multiple vitamins following gastric bypass surgery. This case highlights the need for regular vitamin level monitoring and appropriate replenishment in patients after bariatric surgery to prevent significant morbidities.
PubMed: 38854179
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59959 -
Research Square May 2024The association between vitamin A and single cardiometabolic diseases has been extensively studied, but the relationship between dietary vitamin A intake and the risk of...
Association between Dietary Total Vitamin A, β-carotene, and Retinol Intake and Risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: Results from the China Health and Nutrition Survey, 1997-2015.
BACKGROUND
The association between vitamin A and single cardiometabolic diseases has been extensively studied, but the relationship between dietary vitamin A intake and the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) has not been studied. Therefore, the present study was conducted to explore the association with CMM risk by analyzing different sources of vitamin A.
METHODS
This study utilized 13,603 subjects aged ≥ 18 years from 1997-2015 from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Dietary intake was calculated from 3 consecutive 24-h dietary recalls combined with a house hold food inventory. CMM is defined as the development of at least two cardiometabolic diseases.
RESULTS
After a median follow-up of 9.1 years, there were 1050 new cases of CMM. The risk of CMM was significantly lower in those with higher vitamin A intake (Q1 vs Q5 HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.54-0.81). β-carotene (Q1 vs Q5 HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.66-1.02) and retinol (Q1 vs Q5 HR 0.59, 95%CI 0.48-0.73) intake had a similarly negative correlation. Using restricted cubic spline found an L-shaped relationship between retinol intake and CMM ( non-linear < 0.001). In subgroup analyses, protective effects were stronger for participants aged ≥ 44 years (HR 0.72, 95%CI 0.57-0.92) and for the female group (HR 0.62, 95%CI 0.45-0.84).
CONCLUSION
Dietary vitamin A was a protective factor for CMM, and this effect was stronger in age ≥ 44 years and in the female group. There was a ceiling effect on the protective effect of retinol intake on the risk of CMM.
PubMed: 38853914
DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4384704/v1 -
BMC Public Health Jun 2024Previous researches examining the impact of dietary nutrition on mortality risk have mainly focused on individual nutrients, however the interaction of these nutrients...
BACKGROUND
Previous researches examining the impact of dietary nutrition on mortality risk have mainly focused on individual nutrients, however the interaction of these nutrients has not been considered. The purpose of this study was to identify of nutrient deficiencies patterns and analyze their potential impact on mortality risk in older adults with hypertension.
METHODS
We included participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) study. The latent class analysis (LCA) was applied to uncover specific malnutrition profiles within the sample. Risk of the end points across the phenogroups was compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard regression model. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the influencing factors of specific malnutrition profiles.
RESULTS
A total of 6924 participants aged 60 years or older with hypertension from NHANES 2003-2014 was followed until December 31, 2019 with a median follow-up of 8.7 years. Various nutrients included vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, fiber, folate, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, iron, and selenium, and LCA revealed 4 classes of malnutrition. Regarding all-cause mortality, "Nutrient Deprived" group showed the strongest hazard ratio (1.42 from 1.19 to 1.70) compared with "Adequate Nutrient" group, followed by "Inadequate Nutrient" group (1.29 from 1.10 to 1.50), and "Low Fiber, Magnesium, and Vit E" group (1.17 from 1.02 to 1.35). For cardiovascular mortality, "Nutrient Deprived" group showed the strongest hazard ratio (1.61 from 1.19 to 2.16) compared with "Adequate Nutrient" group, followed by "Low Fiber, Magnesium, and Vit E" group (1.51 from 1.04 to 2.20), and "Inadequate Nutrient" group (1.37 from 1.03 to 1.83).
CONCLUSIONS
The study revealed a significant association between nutrients deficiency patterns and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in older adults with hypertension. The findings suggested that nutrients deficiency pattern may be an important risk factor for mortality in older adults with hypertension.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Aged; Latent Class Analysis; Nutrition Surveys; Hypertension; Cardiovascular Diseases; Middle Aged; Malnutrition; Risk Factors; Cause of Death; Aged, 80 and over; Proportional Hazards Models
PubMed: 38853236
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19003-w -
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis May 2024To establish the reference range of serum concentration of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin E (VE) in Southern Sichuan area of China.
OBJECTIVE
To establish the reference range of serum concentration of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin E (VE) in Southern Sichuan area of China.
METHODS
From August 1, 2021, to May 31, 2023, 9482 blood tablets were received for the screening of VA and VE. The information was divided into four different age groups: ≤1 year old, 1< to ≤6 years, 6< to ≤17 years, and 17< to ≤59 years. In each age group, the four seasons were further subdivided into spring, summer, autumn, and winter, as well as male and female genders. The serum concentration of VA and VE was detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), and the reference range was established for verification.
RESULTS
The concentration of VA and VE in 9482 cases showed skewed distribution. When comparing between different age groups, the serum concentration of VA and VE was statistically significant (p < 0.05). While comparing different seasons, the serum VA levels in different seasons were significantly different (p < 0.05) except in summer and autumn. There was statistical significance in VE level in different seasons (p < 0.05). And while comparing different genders, there was no statistical significance in VA concentration levels (p > 0.05). The VE concentration levels were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The established reference range was established and verified, and the results were in accordance with the standard.
CONCLUSION
The reference range of VA and VE should be set according to different ages, different seasons, and different genders.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Reference Values; Middle Aged; China; Adult; Vitamin A; Young Adult; Adolescent; Vitamin E; Child, Preschool; Child; Infant; Seasons; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
PubMed: 38847175
DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25074 -
EFSA Journal. European Food Safety... Jun 2024Following two requests from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the...
Following two requests from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the revision of the tolerable upper intake level (UL) for preformed vitamin A and β-carotene. Systematic reviews of the literature were conducted for priority adverse health effects of excess vitamin A intake, namely teratogenicity, hepatotoxicity and endpoints related to bone health. Available data did not allow to address whether β-carotene could potentiate preformed vitamin A toxicity. Teratogenicity was selected as the critical effect on which to base the UL for preformed vitamin A. The Panel proposes to retain the UL for preformed vitamin A of 3000 μg RE/day for adults. This UL applies to men and women, including women of child-bearing age, pregnant and lactating women and post-menopausal women. This value was scaled down to other population groups using allometric scaling (body weight), leading to ULs between 600 μg RE/day (infants 4-11 months) and 2600 μg RE/day (adolescents 15-17 years). Based on available intake data, European populations are unlikely to exceed the UL for preformed vitamin A if consumption of liver, offal and products thereof is limited to once per month or less. Women who are planning to become pregnant or who are pregnant are advised not to consume liver products. Lung cancer risk was selected as the critical effect of excess supplemental β-carotene. The available data were not sufficient and suitable to characterise a dose-response relationship and identify a reference point; therefore, no UL could be established. There is no indication that β-carotene intake from the background diet is associated with adverse health effects. Smokers should avoid consuming food supplements containing β-carotene. The use of supplemental β-carotene by the general population should be limited to the purpose of meeting vitamin A requirements.
PubMed: 38846679
DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8814 -
Frontiers in Nutrition 2024Currently, there is limited and inconsistent evidence regarding the risk association between daily dietary intake, antioxidants, minerals, and vitamins with Childhood...
BACKGROUND
Currently, there is limited and inconsistent evidence regarding the risk association between daily dietary intake, antioxidants, minerals, and vitamins with Childhood Asthma (CA). Therefore, this study employs Mendelian Randomization (MR) methodology to systematically investigate the causal relationships between daily dietary intake, serum antioxidants, serum minerals, and the circulating levels of serum vitamins with
METHODS
This study selected factors related to daily dietary intake, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and sugars, as well as serum antioxidant levels (lycopene, uric acid, and β-carotene), minerals (calcium, copper, selenium, zinc, iron, phosphorus, and magnesium), and vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin E), using them as Instrumental Variables (IVs). Genetic data related to CA were obtained from the FinnGen and GWAS Catalog databases, with the primary analytical methods being Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW) and sensitivity analysis.
RESULTS
Following MR analysis, it is observed that sugar intake (OR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.55-0.91, P: 0.01) is inversely correlated with the risk of CA, while the intake of serum circulating magnesium levels (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.06-2.53, P: 0.03), fats (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.06-1.95, P: 0.02), and serum vitamin D levels (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04-1.25, P: 0.02) are positively associated with an increased risk of
CONCLUSION
This study identified a causal relationship between the daily dietary intake of sugars and fats, as well as the magnesium and vitamin D levels in serum, and the occurrence of However, further in-depth research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms underlying these associations.
PubMed: 38846540
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1401881 -
Journal of Human Nutrition and... Jun 2024Although it is known that consumed nutrition affects inflammatory load, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is affected by inflammatory diseases and consumed nutrients,...
BACKGROUND
Although it is known that consumed nutrition affects inflammatory load, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is affected by inflammatory diseases and consumed nutrients, these conditions have not been adequately investigated in adolescents with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Therefore, this study aimed to compare the dietary inflammatory index (DII), TAC and total oxidant capacity (TOC) of adolescents with FMF and healthy adolescents.
METHODS
This case-controlled study consisted of 180 adolescents (aged 10-19) divided into FMF (n = 135) and control (n = 45 healthy) groups. Study data were collected face-to-face using a survey on demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, biochemical biomarkers and 3-day dietary recall to calculate DII scores.
RESULTS
FMF group had lower DII score than controls (2.12 ± 0.78 vs. 2.33 ± 1.06, p < 0.05). In addition, they had higher C-reactive protein (CRP), TOC (p < 0.05) and oxidative stress index (OSI) (p = 0.51) than the control group. On the contrary, the control group had significantly higher tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) values (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between DII scores and TNF-α in the FMF group (p < 0.05). The control group had significantly higher energy, protein, medium-chain fatty acids (MCT) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) intake than FMF (p < 0.05). On the contrary, the FMF group had significantly higher vitamin A and D, niacin and zinc intake (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The results showed that adolescents with FMF had lower DII and higher OSI than healthy adolescents. It may be beneficial for adolescents with FMF to consume a diet containing anti-inflammatory nutrients to maintain normal growth and development and to prevent symptoms and complications of the disease.
PubMed: 38843102
DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13335 -
Obesity Surgery Jul 2024The risks carried by pregnancy after bariatric surgery (BS) include small-for-gestational age (SGA) newborn and prematurity. However, the underlying mechanisms are not... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
PURPOSE
The risks carried by pregnancy after bariatric surgery (BS) include small-for-gestational age (SGA) newborn and prematurity. However, the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood in pregnant women after BS.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This single-center retrospective observational cohort study includes all women with a first and single pregnancy after BS who completed at least one clinical and biological nutritional assessment during pregnancy between 2010 and 2016. The quarterly biological assessment comprised blood count, ferritin, calcium, 25OH vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, fasting glucose, albumin, prealbumin, vitamin A, vitamin B12, folic acid, and zinc.
RESULTS
Among 120 pregnancies analysed, two-thirds underwent gastric bypass (Roux-en-Y and one-anastomosis) and one-third a restrictive procedure (adjustable gastric band or sleeve gastrectomy). The median [Q1-Q3] preoperative BMI was 43.8 [41.1-47.7] kg/m and the mean age at pregnancy was 32.6 ± 5.3 years. Weight loss and time from surgery to pregnancy were 35.1 ± 15.4 kg and 2.9 [1.3-4.5] years, respectively. Ten women (8%) gave birth prematurely, and 22 newborns (19%) were SGA. Univariate analysis shows that ferritin was significantly higher in mothers with SGA than in those without SGA (35.5 [22.3-69.5] vs. 15 [10-32] ng/ml) at third trimester of pregnancy. Women who received pre-pregnancy nutritional assessment seemed less likely to give birth to a SGA newborn (32% vs. 54%, p = 0.07).
CONCLUSION
Iron supplementation should be carefully prescribed and closely monitored during pregnancy in women who have undergone BS.
Topics: Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Adult; Retrospective Studies; Ferritins; Pregnancy Outcome; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Small for Gestational Age; Bariatric Surgery; Obesity, Morbid; Birth Weight; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 38842761
DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07285-3 -
BMC Public Health Jun 2024Breastfeeding duration is a critical component of infant and child nutrition, providing immediate and long-term benefits to both children and their mothers. This study...
BACKGROUND
Breastfeeding duration is a critical component of infant and child nutrition, providing immediate and long-term benefits to both children and their mothers. This study uses data from the lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS) survey to examine the prevalence, patterns, and determinants of breastfeeding cessation in Uganda.
METHODS
This study was a secondary analysis of data collected by the cross-sectional LQAS surveys in 2021 and 2022 covering 77 districts in Uganda. The LQAS survey methodology employs a systematic sampling approach to assess whether predefined quality standards are met within specific subgroups of a population. The study employed spatial analysis, bivariate analysis and logistic regression, both with and without clustering, to explore associations between independent variables and breastfeeding cessation. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Statistical significance was set at 5%.
RESULTS
Overall, the study analysed 26,377 records of mothers with children under 24 months old. The mothers' mean age was 27.9 years while that of their children was 11.0 months. While the general breastfeeding cessation rate was 17.7%, cessation was highest (49.7%) among mothers of children 18-23 months. Factors associated with increased odds of breastfeeding cessation included older child's age, older mother's age, using modern family planning, being pregnant and having an unknown pregnancy status. Lower odds of breastfeeding cessation were observed among mothers who; were married, lived in larger households, lived in rural residences, whose children received vitamin A supplementation and among all other regions compared to Kampala.
CONCLUSION
One in five mothers cessed breastfeeding before their child reached 2 years, with a significant increase in cessation odds among mothers of older children. These findings underscore the importance of interventions to promote breastfeeding continuation and adequate nutrition for non-breastfed infants, particularly in regions with high cessation rates.
Topics: Humans; Breast Feeding; Uganda; Infant; Female; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Mothers; Young Adult; Infant, Newborn; Prevalence; Adolescent; Male
PubMed: 38840094
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19028-1