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Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023The clinical correlation between adipokines levels in the blood and the incidence of senile osteoporosis (SOP) has not been clearly studied. We conducted this... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
The clinical correlation between adipokines levels in the blood and the incidence of senile osteoporosis (SOP) has not been clearly studied. We conducted this meta-analysis to elucidate the relationship between three common adipokines levels (leptin, adiponectin, and chemerin) and the incidence of SOP.
METHODS
We searched databases such as CNKI, CBM, VIP, Wanfang, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to collect articles published since the establishment of the database until July 30, 2022.
RESULTS
In total, 11 studies met the selection criteria. Our meta-analysis showed that serum leptin levels were significantly lower (mean difference [MD], -2.53, 95% CI: -3.96 to -1.10, 96%), chemerin levels were significantly higher (MD, 30.06, 95% CI: 16.71 to 43.40, 94%), and adiponectin levels were not significantly different (MD, -0.55, 95% CI: -2.26 to 1.17, = 0.53, 98%) in SOP patients compared with healthy older individuals with normal bone mineral density (BMD). In addition, correlation analysis showed that leptin levels were positively correlated with lumbar bone mineral density (LBMD) (r = 0.36) and femoral bone mineral density (FBMD) (r = 0.38), chemerin levels were negatively correlated with LBMD (r = -0.55) and FBMD (r = -0.48), and there were significant positive correlations between leptin and adiponectin levels and body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.91 and 0.97).
CONCLUSIONS
The likelihood of having SOP was higher in older individuals with low levels of leptin and higher levels of chemerin. In addition, BMI was somewhat lower with low levels of leptin and adiponectin.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022356469.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Adipokines; Leptin; Adiponectin; Osteoporosis; Bone Density
PubMed: 37576959
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1193181 -
Journal of Translational Medicine Aug 2023This paper aimed to examine the effects of probiotics on eight factors in overweight or obese children by meta-analysis, namely, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
This paper aimed to examine the effects of probiotics on eight factors in overweight or obese children by meta-analysis, namely, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), adiponectin, leptin and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and summarize the mechanisms of action of probiotics based on the existing researches.
METHODS
Six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, SinoMed and CNKI) were searched until March 2023. Review Manager 5.4 was used for meta-analysis. The data were analysed using weighted mean differences (WMDs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) under a fixed effect model or random effect model to observe the effects of probiotic administration on the included indicators.
RESULTS
Four publications with a total of 206 overweight or obesity children were included. According to the meta-analysis, probiotics were able to significantly decrease the levels of HDL-C (MD, 0.06; 95% CI 0.03, 0.09; P = 0.0001), LDL-C (MD, - 0.06; 95% CI - 0.12, - 0.00; P = 0.04), adiponectin (MD, 1.39; 95% CI 1.19, 1.59; P < 0.00001), leptin (MD, - 2.72; 95% CI - 2.9, - 2.54; P < 0.00001) and TNF-α (MD, - 4.91; 95% CI - 7.15, - 2.67; P < 0.0001) compared to those in the placebo group. Still, for BMI, the palcebo group seemed to be better than the probiotic group (MD, 0.85; 95% CI 0.04, 1.66; P = 0.04). TC (MD, - 0.05; 95% CI - 0.12, 0.02; P = 0.14) and TG (MD, - 0.16; 95% CI - 0.36, 0.05; P = 0.14) were not different between two groups.
CONCLUSIONS
This review drew that probiotics might act as a role in regulating HDL-C, LDL-C, adiponectin, leptin and TNF-α in overweight or obesity children. Additionally, our systematic review yielded that probiotics might regulate lipid metabolism and improve obese associated symptoms by some paths. This meta-analysis has been registered at PROSPERO with ID: CRD42023408359.
Topics: Humans; Child; Overweight; Leptin; Pediatric Obesity; Cholesterol, LDL; Adiponectin; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Probiotics; Triglycerides; Cholesterol, HDL
PubMed: 37542325
DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04319-9 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Jul 2023A well-balanced metabolism means a lower risk for metabolism-related neuropsychiatric disorders. Leptin is a secretory adipokine involved in the central control of... (Review)
Review
A well-balanced metabolism means a lower risk for metabolism-related neuropsychiatric disorders. Leptin is a secretory adipokine involved in the central control of appetite that appears to play a role in the etiology of feeding-related disorders. Additionally, the influence of exercise on feeding behaviors potentially modulates the circulation of metabolites that signal through the central nervous system. In this systematic review, we collected the recent clinical evidence on the effect of exercise on leptin concentrations in health individuals published from 2000 to 20 September 2022, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA 2020 statement). Six hundred and thirty-eight papers were retrieved and forty-eight papers were included in the qualitative synthesis. Data supports that exercise positively influences appetite via enhancing peripheral and central leptin signaling (reuptake), especially during weight loss. Exercise modulation of leptin signaling through leptin receptors helps to stabilize increases in food intake during periods of negative energy balance, prior to a decrease in the body fat tissue content. At a high intensity, exercise appears to counteract leptin resistance.
PubMed: 37445524
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134490 -
Cells May 2023Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 that induces a generalized inflammatory state. Organokines (adipokines, osteokines,... (Review)
Review
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 that induces a generalized inflammatory state. Organokines (adipokines, osteokines, myokines, hepatokines, and cardiokines) can produce beneficial or harmful effects in this condition. This study aimed to systematically review the role of organokines on COVID-19. PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases were searched, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed, and 37 studies were selected, comprising more than 2700 individuals infected with the virus. Among COVID-19 patients, organokines have been associated with endothelial dysfunction and multiple organ failure due to augmented cytokines and increased SARS-CoV-2 viremia. Changes in the pattern of organokines secretion can directly or indirectly contribute to aggravating the infection, promoting immune response alterations, and predicting the disease progression. These molecules have the potential to be used as adjuvant biomarkers to predict the severity of the illness and severe outcomes.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 37408184
DOI: 10.3390/cells12101349 -
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology... Dec 2023Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex genetic trait and the most common endocrine disorder of women, clinically evident in 5% to 15% of reproductive-aged women...
PURPOSE
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex genetic trait and the most common endocrine disorder of women, clinically evident in 5% to 15% of reproductive-aged women globally, with associated cardiometabolic dysfunction. Adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction appears to play an important role in the pathophysiology of PCOS even in patients who do not have excess adiposity.
METHODS
We undertook a systematic review concerning AT dysfunction in PCOS, and prioritized studies that assessed AT function directly. We also explored therapies that targeted AT dysfunction for the treatment of PCOS.
RESULTS
Various mechanisms of AT dysfunction in PCOS were identified including dysregulation in storage capacity, hypoxia, and hyperplasia; impaired adipogenesis; impaired insulin signaling and glucose transport; dysregulated lipolysis and nonesterified free fatty acids (NEFAs) kinetics; adipokine and cytokine dysregulation and subacute inflammation; epigenetic dysregulation; and mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress. Decreased glucose transporter-4 expression and content in adipocytes, leading to decreased insulin-mediated glucose transport in AT, was a consistent abnormality despite no alterations in insulin binding or in IRS/PI3K/Akt signaling. Adiponectin secretion in response to cytokines/chemokines is affected in PCOS compared to controls. Interestingly, epigenetic modulation via DNA methylation and microRNA regulation appears to be important mechanisms underlying AT dysfunction in PCOS.
CONCLUSION
AT dysfunction, more than AT distribution and excess adiposity, contributes to the metabolic and inflammation abnormalities of PCOS. Nonetheless, many studies provided contradictory, unclear, or limited data, highlighting the urgent need for additional research in this important field.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adult; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Insulin Resistance; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Adipose Tissue; Insulin; Cytokines; Obesity; Inflammation; Glucose
PubMed: 37329216
DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad356 -
Annals of Medicine Dec 2023To quantitatively synthesize evidence from prospective observational studies regarding the mean levels of circulating adiponectin in patients with gestational diabetes... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
To quantitatively synthesize evidence from prospective observational studies regarding the mean levels of circulating adiponectin in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the association between adiponectin levels and GDM risk.
METHODS
PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched from their inception until November 8th, 2022, for nested case-control studies and cohort studies. Random-effect models were applied to the synthesized effect sizes. The difference in circulating adiponectin levels between the GDM and control groups was measured using the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The relationship between circulating adiponectin levels and GDM risk was examined using the combined odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the study continent, GDM risk in the study population, study design, gestational weeks of circulating adiponectin detection, GDM diagnostic criteria, and study quality. Sensitivity and cumulative analyses were performed to evaluate the stability of the meta-analysis. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plots and Egger's test.
RESULTS
The 28 studies included 13 cohort studies and 15 nested case-control studies, containing 12,256 pregnant women in total. The mean adiponectin level in GDM patients was significantly lower than in controls (SMD = -1.514, 95% CI = -2.400 to -0.628, = .001, = 99%). The risk of GDM was significantly decreased among pregnant women with increasing levels of circulating adiponectin (OR = 0.368, 95% CI = 0.271-0.500, < .001, =83%). There were no significant differences between the subgroups.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings indicate that increasing circulating adiponectin levels were inversely associated with the risk of GDM. Given the inherent heterogeneity and publication bias of the included studies, further well-designed large-scale prospective cohort or intervention studies are needed to confirm our finding.
Topics: Pregnancy; Humans; Female; Adiponectin; Diabetes, Gestational; Prospective Studies; Case-Control Studies; Odds Ratio; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 37318118
DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2224046 -
Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic... Jun 2023Chemerin is participating in inflammation procedure and it has role in developing metabolic diseases. In the term of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the result... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Chemerin is participating in inflammation procedure and it has role in developing metabolic diseases. In the term of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the result of published studies are conflicting. So, in this study, the results of different studies investigating the relationship between chemerin level and NAFLD were summarized.
METHOD
The databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched until October 2022. The inclusion criteria were as follow: measured the mean chemerin level in adults and children with NAFLD and compared it with non-NAFLD population or reported the association between chemerin level and NAFLD. The methodological quality was assessed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool. The meta-analysis was done by STATA software. The pooled results were stated as the standardized mean difference (SMD) and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).
RESULTS
Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review, of which 13 studies remained for meta-analysis. The mean serum chemerin level was not significantly different between the groups [SMD: 0.52, 95% CI: -0.35, 1.39]. Moreover, there was no significant correlation between the chemerin level and NAFLD [OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1, 1.02]. Besides, subgroup analysis indicated a significant correlation between serum chemerin level and NAFLD in children [OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.03].
CONCLUSION
There were no significant differences in chemerin levels between the NAFLD and healthy adults; however, the association was significant in children. However, due to the lack of studies in this age group, the conclusion should be made with caution.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-023-01187-4.
PubMed: 37255767
DOI: 10.1007/s40200-023-01187-4 -
Biomedicines May 2023Adipokines are signaling proteins involved in metabolic, endocrinological, vascular and immunogenic processes. Associations of various adipokines with not only insulin... (Review)
Review
Adipokines are signaling proteins involved in metabolic, endocrinological, vascular and immunogenic processes. Associations of various adipokines with not only insulin resistance but also with increased insulin sensitivity, increased systolic blood pressure, and atherosclerosis highlight the significance of adipokines in several components of metabolic syndrome and metabolic diseases in general. As pregnancy presents a unique metabolic state, the role of adipokines in pregnancy, and even in various pregnancy complications, appears to be key to elucidating these metabolic processes. Many studies in recent years have attempted to clarify the role of adipokines in pregnancy and gestational pathologies. In this review, we aim to investigate the changes in maternal adipokine levels in physiological gestation, as well as the association of adipokines with pregnancy pathologies, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE). Furthermore, we will analyze the association of adipokines in both maternal serum and cord blood with parameters of intrauterine growth and various pregnancy outcomes.
PubMed: 37239090
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051419 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023Circulating adipokines and ghrelin affect bone remodeling by regulating the activation and differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Although the correlation... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
CONTEXT
Circulating adipokines and ghrelin affect bone remodeling by regulating the activation and differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Although the correlation between adipokines, ghrelin, and bone mineral density (BMD) has been studied over the decades, its correlations are still controversial. Accordingly, an updated meta-analysis with new findings is needed.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to explore the impact of serum adipokine and ghrelin levels on BMD and osteoporotic fractures through a meta-analysis.
DATA SOURCES
Studies published till October 2020 in Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were reviewed.
STUDY SELECTION
We included studies that measured at least one serum adipokine level and BMD or fracture risk in healthy individuals. We excluded studies with one or more of the following: patients less than 18 years old, patients with comorbidities, who had undergone metabolic treatment, obese patients, patients with high physical activities, and a study that did not distinguish sex or menopausal status.
DATA EXTRACTION
We extracted the data that include the correlation coefficient between adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, and resistin) and ghrelin and BMD, fracture risk by osteoporotic status from eligible studies.
DATA SYNTHESIS
A meta-analysis of the pooled correlations between adipokines and BMD was performed, demonstrating that the correlation between leptin and BMD was prominent in postmenopausal women. In most cases, adiponectin levels were inversely correlated with BMD. A meta-analysis was conducted by pooling the mean differences in adipokine levels according to the osteoporotic status. In postmenopausal women, significantly lower leptin (SMD = -0.88) and higher adiponectin (SMD = 0.94) levels were seen in the osteoporosis group than in the control group. By predicting fracture risk, higher leptin levels were associated with lower fracture risk (HR = 0.68), whereas higher adiponectin levels were associated with an increased fracture risk in men (HR = 1.94) and incident vertebral fracture in postmenopausal women (HR = 1.18).
CONCLUSIONS
Serum adipokines levels can utilize to predict osteoporotic status and fracture risk of patients.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021224855, identifier CRD42021224855.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Adolescent; Bone Density; Leptin; Adipokines; Adiponectin; Ghrelin; Osteoporotic Fractures
PubMed: 37181034
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1044039 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2023Appetite dysregulation is one of the factors contributing to anorexia, bulimia nervosa, obesity, and diabetes. Essential oils or fragrant compounds have been proven to... (Review)
Review
Appetite dysregulation is one of the factors contributing to anorexia, bulimia nervosa, obesity, and diabetes. Essential oils or fragrant compounds have been proven to regulate food intake and energy expenditure; hence, this study aimed to summarize their effects on appetite and the underlying mechanisms. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched until July 2022. Only two of the 41 studies were performed clinically, and the remaining 39 used animal models. Oral administration was the most common route, and a dosage range of 100-2000 mg/kg for mice or 2-32 mg/kg for rats was applied, with a duration of 12 days to 4 weeks, followed by inhalation (10-10 mg/cage or 10-10 mg/cm within 1 h). Approximately 11 essential oil samples and 22 fragrant compounds were found to increase appetite, while 12 essential oils and seven compounds decreased appetite. These fragrant components can exert appetite-regulating effects via leptin resistance, the activity of sympathetic/parasympathetic nerves, or the mRNA expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY)/agouti-related protein (AgRP), cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART)/proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the hypothalamus. Fragrance memory and cognitive processes may also play roles in appetite regulation. The findings of this study accentuate the potential of essential oils and fragrant compounds to regulate appetite and eating disorders.
Topics: Rats; Mice; Animals; Appetite; Oils, Volatile; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuropeptide Y; Hypothalamus; Leptin; Appetite Regulation; Agouti-Related Protein; Eating
PubMed: 37175666
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097962