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International Journal of Molecular... Dec 2022Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are multipotent non-hematopoietic stromal cells found in different body tissues such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, periosteum, Wharton's... (Review)
Review
Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are multipotent non-hematopoietic stromal cells found in different body tissues such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, periosteum, Wharton's jelly, umbilical cord, blood, placenta, amniotic fluid, and skin. The biological behavior of MSCs depends mainly on their interaction with the microenvironment in which they are found, whose quality deeply influences the regenerative and immunomodulatory properties of these cells. Several studies confirm the interaction between MSCs and inflammatory microenvironment in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, designating MSCs as an important factor driving psoriasis development. This review aims to describe the most recent evidence on how the inflammatory microenvironment that characterizes psoriasis influences the homeostasis of MSCs and how they can be used to treat the disease.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Cell Differentiation; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Wharton Jelly; Umbilical Cord; Amniotic Fluid
PubMed: 36499401
DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315080 -
Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology :... Apr 2023Universal screening for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in pregnancy is not recommended in most countries. One of the major deterrents is the lack of effective prenatal... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Universal screening for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in pregnancy is not recommended in most countries. One of the major deterrents is the lack of effective prenatal therapy. The role of valacyclovir therapy in reducing the risk of vertical transmission, symptomatic congenital CMV infection and adverse outcome is controversial. The main aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of prenatal valacyclovir therapy in pregnancies with maternal CMV infection.
METHODS
MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched. The inclusion criteria were pregnancy with confirmed maternal CMV infection, treated or untreated with valacyclovir. The primary outcome was the incidence of congenital CMV infection confirmed by a positive CMV polymerase chain reaction result of the amniotic fluid. The secondary outcomes were symptomatic and asymptomatic infection, perinatal death, termination of pregnancy, anomalies detected on follow-up ultrasound, on fetal magnetic resonance imaging or at birth, severe and mild-to-moderate symptoms due to congenital CMV infection, neurological, visual and hearing symptoms, and adverse events related to valacyclovir. Risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) or Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool, as appropriate. Head-to-head meta-analyses were used to compare the risk of each of the explored outcomes according to whether pregnancies with maternal CMV infection were treated with prenatal valacyclovir therapy.
RESULTS
Eight studies (620 women) were included. Pregnancies treated with valacyclovir had a significantly lower risk of congenital CMV infection compared with those not receiving valacyclovir (three studies; 325 fetuses; pooled odds ratio (OR), 0.37 (95% CI, 0.21-0.64); I = 0%; P < 0.001). When stratifying the analysis according to gestational age at maternal infection, the risk of vertical transmission was significantly lower in pregnancies receiving valacyclovir following first-trimester maternal infection (three studies; 184 fetuses; pooled OR, 0.34 (95% CI, 0.15-0.74); I = 20.9%; P = 0.001), while there was no significant difference between the two groups in those acquiring CMV infection in the periconceptional period or in the third trimester of pregnancy. Only one study reported on the risk of vertical transmission in women infected in the second trimester, demonstrating a lower risk of congenital infection in women taking valacyclovir, although this was based on a small number of cases. Pregnancies treated with valacyclovir therapy had an increased likelihood of asymptomatic congenital CMV infection compared with those not receiving valacyclovir (two studies; 132 fetuses; pooled OR, 2.98 (95% CI, 1.18-7.55); I = 0%; P = 0.021), while there was no significant difference between the two groups in the risk of perinatal death (P = 0.923), termination of pregnancy (P = 0.089), anomalies detected at follow-up imaging assessment during pregnancy or at birth (P = 0.934) and symptoms due to CMV infection in the newborn (P = 0.092). The occurrence of all adverse events in pregnant individuals taking valacyclovir was 3.17% (95% CI, 1.24-5.93%) (six studies; 210 women), with 1.71% (95% CI, 0.41-3.39%) experiencing acute renal failure, which resolved after discontinuation of the drug. On GRADE assessment, the quality of evidence showing that valacyclovir reduced the risk of congenital CMV infection and adverse perinatal outcome was very low.
CONCLUSIONS
Prenatal valacyclovir administration in pregnancies with maternal CMV infection reduces the risk of congenital CMV infection. Further evidence is needed to elucidate whether valacyclovir can affect the course of infection in the fetus and the risk of symptomatic fetal or neonatal infection. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Amniotic Fluid; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; Perinatal Death; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Prenatal Care; Valacyclovir
PubMed: 36484439
DOI: 10.1002/uog.26136 -
Surgical Neurology International 2022Several studies have highlighted the use of human amniotic membrane (HAM) in neurosurgical procedures as an effective dural substitute. HAM has inherent antifibrotic and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Several studies have highlighted the use of human amniotic membrane (HAM) in neurosurgical procedures as an effective dural substitute. HAM has inherent antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties and exhibits immunomodulatory effect that makes it an ideal dural substitute. Other advantages including easy availability, low cost of procurement, and storage also render it a promising dural substitute especially in low- and middle-income countries.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, using the search terms "human amniotic membrane," "dural repair," and "neurosurgery." To be eligible for inclusion in our review, papers had to report primary data, be published in English language and report dural repair on humans with human amniotic membrane. Eligibility assessment was conducted by two independent reviewers with qualitative analysis on the basis of surgical utility, postoperative complications, and histological analysis.
RESULTS
Eight articles met the predefined inclusion criteria, including three randomized control trials and five cohort studies. We evaluated the use of HAM grafts in dural repair for elective cranial surgery (four studies), trauma surgery (three studies), and elective spine surgery (one study). Cases with postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak were reported by two studies. Other postoperative complications including meningitis, hydrocephalus, pseudomeningocele, CSF collection in subdural space, and subacute subdural hematoma were reported by one study each. Postsurgical histological analysis was reported by three studies highlighting the antiadhesive and integrative properties of HAM.
CONCLUSION
The current review of evidence suggests that in terms of postsurgical outcomes, HAM is comparable with commercially available dural substitutes.
PubMed: 36447853
DOI: 10.25259/SNI_794_2022 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Nov 2022The use of orthobiologics is gaining increasing interest as a minimally invasive treatment for hip osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to investigate the... (Review)
Review
The use of orthobiologics is gaining increasing interest as a minimally invasive treatment for hip osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to investigate the evidence about the safety and efficacy of these products. A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines. The study quality was assessed using the RoB 2.0 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and the modified Coleman Methodology Score (mCMS) for all studies. A total of 20 clinical studies (735 patients) was identified, 12 on PRP injections and eight on cell-based therapies (five from bone marrow, two from adipose tissue, and one from amniotic fluid). The publication trend increased over time, with over 50% of articles published from 2019. The literature analysis showed only six RCTs, all on PRP injections. The mCMS showed an overall fair methodology (mean score 59.4). While the number of studies and their methodology are still limited, the available evidence suggests safety and overall promising results, with the treatment success being inversely proportional to the severity of OA. Further high-level controlled trials are needed before drawing more definitive conclusions on the real potential of orthobiologics for the injective treatment of patients affected by hip OA.
PubMed: 36431138
DOI: 10.3390/jcm11226663 -
Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology :... Feb 2023Cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA is detectable in the amniotic fluid collected by amniocentesis in cases in which the fetus has been infected. However, cases of congenital... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA is detectable in the amniotic fluid collected by amniocentesis in cases in which the fetus has been infected. However, cases of congenital neonatal CMV infection with a negative amniocentesis result have also been reported in the literature. The aim of the present study was to compare pregnancies with a negative amniocentesis result to those with a positive amniocentesis result in terms of incidence of fetal insult and long-term sequelae.
METHODS
Observational studies that included pregnant women with CMV infection who underwent amniocentesis and that reported their results together with neonatal and/or long-term outcomes of the offspring were included. The risk of bias in included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The rate of severe symptoms at birth, defined as neurological symptoms or multiorgan involvement at birth, and the rate of severe sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and/or neurodevelopmental impairment at follow-up were the main outcomes of the study. The secondary outcome was the rate of pregnancy termination due to the presence of CMV-associated central nervous system (CNS) findings or multiorgan involvement on ultrasound/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
RESULTS
Seven studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled false-negative rate of amniocentesis was 8.0% (95% CI, 5.0-13.0%). The pooled rate of severe symptoms at birth was 0.0% (95% CI, 0.0-1.0%; I = 0%) in fetuses with a negative amniocentesis result and 22.0% (95% CI, 11.0-38.0%; I = 75%) in those with a positive amniocentesis result. The pooled odds ratio (OR) was 0.03 (95% CI, 0.01-0.10; I = 0%). The pooled rate of severe SNHL and/or neurodevelopmental impairment at follow-up in fetuses with a negative amniocentesis result was 0.0% (95% CI, 0.0-1.0%; I = 0%) and, in those with a positive amniocentesis result, it was 14.0% (95% CI, 7.0-26.0%; I = 64%). The pooled OR was 0.04 (95% CI, 0.01-0.14; I = 0%). The pooled rate of pregnancy termination due to the presence of CMV-associated CNS findings or multiorgan involvement on ultrasound/MRI was 0.0% (95% CI, 0.0-2.0%; I = 0%) in fetuses with a negative amniocentesis result and 20.0% (95% CI, 10.0-36.0%; I = 82%) in those with a positive amniocentesis result. The pooled OR was 0.03 (95% CI, 0.01-0.08; I = 0%). A subgroup analysis including only pregnancies with primary CMV infection and a sensitivity analysis including only prospective studies were carried out, showing very similar results to those of the main analysis.
CONCLUSION
A negative amniocentesis result in pregnant women with CMV infection ensures lack of fetal insult and long-term sequelae to the child, even if transmission has occurred. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Child; Pregnancy; Infant; Female; Humans; Amniocentesis; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Prospective Studies; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 36412976
DOI: 10.1002/uog.26128 -
BMJ Open Sep 2022To identify the risk factors for neonatal sepsis in Sub-Saharan Africa. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
To identify the risk factors for neonatal sepsis in Sub-Saharan Africa.
DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
DATA SOURCES
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, African Index Medicus and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for observational studies from January 2010 to August 2020.
SETTING
Sub-Saharan Africa, at all levels of healthcare facilities.
PARTICIPANTS
'Neonates' (<28 days of age) at risk of developing either clinical and/or laboratory-dependent diagnosis of sepsis.
OUTCOME MEASURES
Identification of any risk factors for neonatal sepsis.
RESULTS
A total of 36 studies with 23 605 patients from secondary or tertiary level of care facilities in 10 countries were included. Six studies were rated as good quality, 8 as fair and 22 as poor. Four studies were omitted in the meta-analysis due to insufficient data. The significant risk factors were resuscitation (OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.36 to 5.35), low birth weight <1.5 kg (OR 3.37, 95% CI 1.59 to 7.13) and 1.5-2.5 kg (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.83), low Apgar score at the first minute (OR 3.69, 95% CI 2.34 to 5.81) and fifth minute (OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.46 to 4.45), prematurity <37 weeks (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.86), no crying at birth (OR 3.49, 95% CI 1.42 to 8.55), male sex (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.67), prolonged labour (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.08 to 2.27), premature rupture of membranes (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.34 to 3.47), multiple digital vaginal examinations (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.27 to 3.89), meconium-stained amniotic fluid (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.58 to 4.69), intrapartum maternal fever (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.18 to 4.39), foul-smelling vaginal discharge (OR 3.31, 95% CI 2.16 to 5.09) and low socioeconomic status (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.11 to 3.35). We found considerable heterogeneity in the meta-analysis of 11 out of 15 identified risk factors.
CONCLUSION
Multiple risk factors for neonatal sepsis in Sub-Saharan Africa were identified. We revealed risk factors not listed by the WHO guidelines. The included studies overall had high risk of bias and high heterogeneity and thus, additional research of high quality is needed.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42020191067.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Male; Neonatal Sepsis; Risk Factors; Sepsis
PubMed: 36253895
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054491 -
International Journal of Spine Surgery Feb 2023Amniotic membrane tissue has been thought to potentiate healing in many soft tissue conditions. Specifically, recent studies have shown its therapeutic potential for...
BACKGROUND
Amniotic membrane tissue has been thought to potentiate healing in many soft tissue conditions. Specifically, recent studies have shown its therapeutic potential for treatment in the setting of spinal pathologies. The purpose of this study is to thoroughly review the existing scientific literature and evidence concerning the clinical use of amniotic membrane-derived biologic agents on postoperative outcomes following spinal surgery.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases up to December 2020 to identify animal and clinical studies examining the therapeutic potential for amniotic membrane tissue in the setting of spinal pathologies (including disc herniation, prevention of epidural fibrosis, and spinal fusion). Studies were broken down into 2 categories: experimental model type and the type of amnion product being analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 12 studies (4 clinical studies and 8 studies utilizing animal models) met inclusion criteria. Additionally, the major types of amnion product were divided into cryopreserved/freeze-dried amniotic membrane, human amniotic fluid, human amniotic membrane, cross-linked amniotic membrane, and amnion-derived epithelial cells. While heterogeneity of study design precludes definitive specific results reporting, most studies showed positive benefits on healing/outcomes with amniotic augmentation. Specifically, amnion products have shown promising effects in reducing epidural adhesions and scar tissue after spine surgery, improving spinal fusion rate and postoperative pain scores, and promoting better functional outcomes after spine surgery.
CONCLUSIONS
A review of the limited number of reported studies revealed a wide variety of amniotic membrane preparations, treatment regimens, and indications, which limit definitive conclusions. To date, while there is no definitive clinical proof that amniotic tissues enhance tissue repair or regeneration, the aggregate results demonstrate promising basic science and outcomes potential in spinal surgery. Further study is warranted to determine whether this application is appropriate in the clinical setting.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This systematic review provides a summary of the existing literature regarding the use of amniotic membrane preparations, treatment regimens, and indications within spinal surgery. With the growing popularity and utilization of biologic agents such as amniotic membrane-derived products in orthopedic and neurologic surgery, this systematic review gives physicians a concise summary on the outcomes and indications associated with amniotic membrane products.
PubMed: 36253081
DOI: 10.14444/8380 -
PloS One 2022Obstructed labor is one of the five major causes of maternal mortality and morbidity in developing countries. In Ethiopia, it accounts for 19.1% of maternal death. The... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Obstructed labor is one of the five major causes of maternal mortality and morbidity in developing countries. In Ethiopia, it accounts for 19.1% of maternal death. The current review aimed to assess maternal and perinatal outcomes of obstructed labor in Ethiopia.
METHODS
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was followed for this systematic review and meta-analysis. A literature search was made using PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, Summon country-specific search, and Cochrane Libraries' online databases. Search terms were adverse outcome, obstructed labor, maternal outcome, fetal outcome, and Ethiopia. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS), based on a star scoring system, was used to assess the quality of the included studies. The meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 16 software. The pooled prevalence of an adverse maternal outcome, fetal outcome, and association between adverse outcome and obstructed labor was calculated using a random-effects model. Egger's test and funnel plot were used to evaluate publication bias.
RESULT
Eighty-seven studies were included in this review, with an overall sample size of 104259 women and 4952 newborns. The pooled incidence of maternal death was estimated to be 14.4% [14.14 (6.91-21.37). The pooled prevalence of uterine rupture and maternal near-miss was 41.18% (95% CI: 19.83, 62.54) and 30.5% [30.5 (11.40, 49.59) respectively. Other complications such as postpartum hemorrhage, sepsis, obstetric fistula, hysterectomy, bladder injury, cesarean section, and labor abnormalities were also reported. The pooled prevalence of perinatal death was 26.4% (26.4 (95% CI 15.18, 37.7). In addition, the association of obstructed labor with stillbirth, perinatal asphyxia, and meconium-stained amniotic fluid was also demonstrated.
CONCLUSIONS
In Ethiopia, the incidence of perinatal and maternal mortality among pregnant women with obstructed labor was high. The rate of maternal death and maternal near miss reported in this review was higher than incidences reported from high-income and most low and middle-income countries. Uterine rupture, postpartum hemorrhage, sepsis, fistula, hysterectomy, and bladder injury were also commonly reported. To improve the health outcomes of obstructed labor, it is recommended to address the three delay models: enhancing communities' health-seeking behavior, enhancing transportation for an obstetric emergency with different stakeholders, and strengthening the capacity of health facilities to handle obstetric emergencies.
Topics: Cesarean Section; Dystocia; Ethiopia; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Maternal Death; Postpartum Hemorrhage; Pregnancy; Sepsis; Uterine Rupture
PubMed: 36178921
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275400 -
Resuscitation Plus Dec 2022Upper airway suctioning at birth was considered standard procedure and is still commonly practiced. Negative effects could exceed benefits of suction. (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Upper airway suctioning at birth was considered standard procedure and is still commonly practiced. Negative effects could exceed benefits of suction.
QUESTION
In infants born through clear amniotic fluid (P) does suctioning of the mouth and nose (I) vs no suctioning (C) improve outcomes (O).
DATA SOURCES
Information specialist conducted literature search (12th September 2021, re-run 17th June 2022) using Medline, Embase, Cochrane Databases, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, and CINAHL. RCTs, non-RCTs and observational studies with a defined selection strategy were included. Unpublished studies, reviews, editorials, animal and manikin studies were excluded.
DATA EXTRACTION
Two authors independently extracted data, risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane ROB2 and ROBINS-I tools. Certainty of evidence was assed using the GRADE framework. Review Manager was used to analyse data and GRADEPro to develop summary of evidence tables. Meta-analyses were performed if ≥2 RCTs were available.
OUTCOMES
Primary: assisted ventilation. Secondary: advanced resuscitation, oxygen supplementation, adverse effects of suctioning, unanticipated NICU admission.
RESULTS
Nine RCTs (n = 1096) and 2 observational studies (n = 418) were identified. Two RCTs (n = 280) with data concerns were excluded post-hoc. Meta-analysis of 3 RCTs, (n = 702) showed no difference in primary outcome. Two RCTs (n = 200) and 2 prospective observational studies (n = 418) found lower oxygen saturations in first 10 minutes of life with suctioning. Two RCTs (n = 200) showed suctioned newborns took longer to achieve target saturations.
LIMITATIONS
Certainty of evidence was low or very low for all outcomes. Most studies selected healthy newborns limiting generalisability and insufficient data was available for planned subgroup analyses.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite low certainty evidence, this review suggests no clinical benefit from suctioning clear amniotic fluid from infants following birth, with some evidence suggesting a resulting desaturation. These finding support current guideline recommendations that this practice is not used as a routine step in birth.
FUNDING
The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation provided access to software platforms, an information specialist and teleconferencing.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
This systematic review was registered with the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/) (identifier: CRD42021286258).
PubMed: 36157918
DOI: 10.1016/j.resplu.2022.100298 -
Computational and Mathematical Methods... 2022The disease burden and incidence of placenta accreta are increasing worldwide. The morbidity and mortality associated with undiagnosed placenta accreta are both high,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The disease burden and incidence of placenta accreta are increasing worldwide. The morbidity and mortality associated with undiagnosed placenta accreta are both high, highlighting the important of early diagnosis and intervention. In recent years, increasing studies are exploring the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for placenta accreta. Compared with traditional ultrasound, MRI has the advantages of high-resolution, multiangle imaging, and less influence by amniotic fluid and intestinal gas. However, the reported diagnostic accuracy among studies was inconsistent. Therefore, this study is aimed at exploring the diagnostic value of MRI for placenta accreta by systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
Relevant literature were systematically searched in PubMed, Ovid, Embase, ScienceDirect database, CNKI, and Wanfang database by using medical subject headings and relevant diagnostic terminologies such as sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio, receiver-operating characteristic curve, and area under the curve. The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and area under the curve of the included literature were analyzed using stata 17.0 software. Publication bias of the included studies was assessed by Deek's funnel plot. Cochrane statistics and statistics were used to test the heterogeneity.
RESULTS
A total of 10 primary publications, comprising 4 retrospective studies and 6 prospective studies, were included in this meta-analysis. The gestational weeks of pregnant women ranged from 32 to 35 weeks, and the sample size ranged from 37 cases to 575 cases. Only 4 studies used the blind method in the process of clinical diagnosis by MRI. The combined sensitivity, specificity, and area of curve under summary receiver-operating characteristic for the diagnosis of placenta accreta by MRI were 0.88 (95% CI, 0.79-0.93), 0.79 (95% CI, 0.68-0.87), and 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88.-0.93), respectively. The combined positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and diagnostic score were 4.17 (95% CI, 2.62-6.66), 0.16 (95% CI, 0.09-0.29), 26.61 (95% CI, 10.22-69.28), and 3.28 (95% CI, 2.32-4.24), respectively. No publication bias was noted.
CONCLUSION
Diagnosis of placenta accreta by MRI has good accuracy and predictive value that warrants clinical promotion.
Topics: Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Placenta Accreta; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Retrospective Studies; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 36060665
DOI: 10.1155/2022/2751559