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Cureus May 2023The most commonly encountered type of tarsal coalition in symptomatic patients is the calcaneonavicular coalition. Non-surgical treatments are effective for most... (Review)
Review
The most commonly encountered type of tarsal coalition in symptomatic patients is the calcaneonavicular coalition. Non-surgical treatments are effective for most patients. However, if surgery is required, excision of the calcaneonavicular bar can be a successful option that preserves hindfoot mobility and function. We conducted a systematic review of calcaneonavicular bar excision in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) checklist. To conduct the review, we conducted a thorough search of several databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Google Scholar, and bibliographies. We analyzed the chosen studies to collect information on patient demographics, clinical outcomes, surgical techniques, and potential complications. We identified 11 studies that included 274 patients for a total of 394 feet. The average age of patients in these studies was 12.5 years, ranging from 8.2 to 19.4 years. Follow-up periods varied from 2.3 to 23 years, with an average duration of 5.9 years. Excision of the calcaneonavicular bar was performed at 380 feet, while fusion was performed at 14 feet. In 50.5% of the feet, the extensor digitorum brevis was used as an interposition material. Successful outcomes after bar excision were observed in 82.9% of cases (304 feet) and were described as satisfactory, improved, good, or excellent outcomes. In one study, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score improved from 47.89 to 90.22 in 12 feet after bar excision. Recurrence was reported in 52 feet out of the 380 feet that underwent bar excision. Progression of arthritis in the ankle and subtalar joint was reported in 25 feet. Various complications were reported, including paraesthesia in the hindfoot (three feet), midfoot pain (three feet), hindfoot pain (two feet), mild wound infection (one foot), and swelling and stiffness (one foot). Surgical excision of the calcaneonavicular bar has shown successful outcomes in most patients, regardless of the use of interposition material. These outcomes are associated with minimal and acceptable complications. However, since the studies conducted in the literature were single-center retrospective and prospective trials, a multicenter prospective study with patient-centered, validated outcomes would provide a better opportunity to support the evidence in favor of surgical excision of the calcaneonavicular bar. Overall, the use of various interposition materials is associated with reduced chances of recurrence compared to cases where no interposition material was used.
PubMed: 37346201
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39275 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Jun 2023Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a condition related to chronic venous disease that may progress to venous leg ulceration and impair quality of life of those... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a condition related to chronic venous disease that may progress to venous leg ulceration and impair quality of life of those affected. Treatments such as physical exercise may be useful to reduce CVI symptoms. This is an update of an earlier Cochrane Review.
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the benefits and harms of physical exercise programmes for the treatment of individuals with non-ulcerated CVI.
SEARCH METHODS
The Cochrane Vascular Information Specialist searched the Cochrane Vascular Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL databases and World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and ClinicalTrials.gov trials registers to 28 March 2022.
SELECTION CRITERIA
We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing exercise programmes with no exercise in people with non-ulcerated CVI.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcomes were intensity of disease signs and symptoms, ejection fraction, venous refilling time, and incidence of venous leg ulcer. Our secondary outcomes were quality of life, exercise capacity, muscle strength, incidence of surgical intervention, and ankle joint mobility. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome.
MAIN RESULTS
We included five RCTs involving 146 participants. The studies compared a physical exercise group with a control group that did not perform a structured exercise programme. The exercise protocols differed between studies. We assessed three studies to be at an overall unclear risk of bias, one study at overall high risk of bias, and one study at overall low risk of bias. We were not able to combine data in meta-analysis as studies did not report all outcomes, and different methods were used to measure and report outcomes. Two studies reported intensity of CVI disease signs and symptoms using a validated scale. There was no clear difference in signs and symptoms between groups in baseline to six months after treatment (Venous Clinical Severity Score mean difference (MD) -0.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) -3.02 to 2.26; 28 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence), and we are uncertain if exercise alters the intensity of signs and symptoms eight weeks after treatment (MD -4.07, 95% CI -6.53 to -1.61; 21 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). There was no clear difference in ejection fraction between groups from baseline to six months follow-up (MD 4.88, 95% CI -1.82 to 11.58; 28 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). Three studies reported on venous refilling time. We are uncertain if there is an improvement in venous refilling time between groups for baseline to six-month changes (MD 10.70 seconds, 95% CI 8.86 to 12.54; 23 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence) or baseline to eight-week change (MD 9.15 seconds, 95% CI 5.53 to 12.77 for right side; MD 7.25 seconds, 95% CI 5.23 to 9.27 for left side; 21 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). There was no clear difference in venous refilling index for baseline to six-month changes (MD 0.57 mL/min, 95% CI -0.96 to 2.10; 28 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). No included studies reported the incidence of venous leg ulcers. One study reported health-related quality of life using validated instruments (Venous Insufficiency Epidemiological and Economic Study (VEINES) and 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS)). We are uncertain if exercise alters baseline to six-month changes in health-related quality of life between groups (VEINES-QOL: MD 4.60, 95% CI 0.78 to 8.42; SF-36 PCS: MD 5.40, 95% CI 0.63 to 10.17; SF-36 MCS: MD 0.40, 95% CI -3.85 to 4.65; 40 participants, 1 study; all very low-certainty evidence). Another study used the Chronic Venous Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (CIVIQ-20), and we are uncertain if exercise alters baseline to eight-week changes in health-related quality of life between groups (MD 39.36, 95% CI 30.18 to 48.54; 21 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). One study reported no differences between groups without presenting data. There was no clear difference between groups in exercise capacity measured as time on treadmill (baseline to six-month changes) (MD -0.53 minutes, 95% CI -5.25 to 4.19; 35 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). We are uncertain if exercise improves exercise capacity as assessed by the 6-minute walking test (MD 77.74 metres, 95% CI 58.93 to 96.55; 21 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). Muscle strength was measured using dynamometry or using heel lifts counts. We are uncertain if exercise increases peak torque/body weight (120 revolutions per minute) (changes from baseline to six months MD 3.10 ft-lb, 95% CI 0.98 to 5.22; 29 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). There was no clear difference between groups in baseline to eight-week change in strength measured by a hand dynamometer (MD 12.24 lb, 95% CI -7.61 to 32.09 for the right side; MD 11.25, 95% CI -14.10 to 36.60 for the left side; 21 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). We are uncertain if there is an increase in heel lifts (n) (baseline to six-month changes) between groups (MD 7.70, 95% CI 0.94 to 14.46; 39 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). There was no clear difference between groups in ankle mobility measured during dynamometry (baseline to six-month change MD -1.40 degrees, 95% CI -4.77 to 1.97; 29 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). We are uncertain if exercise increases plantar flexion measured by a goniometer (baseline to eight-week change MD 12.13 degrees, 95% CI 8.28 to 15.98 for right leg; MD 10.95 degrees, 95% CI 7.93 to 13.97 for left leg; 21 participants, 1 study; very low-certainty evidence). In all cases, we downgraded the certainty of evidence due to risk of bias and imprecision.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
There is currently insufficient evidence to assess the benefits and harms of physical exercise in people with chronic venous disease. Future research into the effect of physical exercise should consider types of exercise protocols (intensity, frequency, and time), sample size, blinding, and homogeneity according to the severity of disease.
Topics: Humans; Body Weight; Evidence Gaps; Exercise; Veins; Venous Insufficiency
PubMed: 37314059
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010637.pub3 -
Foot & Ankle International Jul 2023Ankle, hindfoot, and midfoot arthrodesis surgeries are standard procedures performed in orthopaedics to treat pain and functional disabilities. Although fusions can...
BACKGROUND
Ankle, hindfoot, and midfoot arthrodesis surgeries are standard procedures performed in orthopaedics to treat pain and functional disabilities. Although fusions can effectively improve pain and quality of life, nonunions remain a significant concern for surgeons. With the increased availability of computed tomography (CT), more surgeons rely on this modality for increased accuracy in determining whether a fusion was successful. The objective of this study was to report the rates of CT-confirmed fusion following ankle, hindfoot, or midfoot arthrodesis.
METHODS
A systematic review was performed using EMBASE, Medline, and Cochrane central register from January 2000 to March 2020. Inclusion criteria included studies with adults (<18 years) that received 1 or multiple fusions of the ankle, hindfoot, or midfoot. At least 75% of the study cohort must have been evaluated by CT postoperatively. Basic information was collected, including journal, author, year published, and level of evidence. Other specific information was collected, including patient risk factors, fusion site, surgical technique and fixation, adjuncts, union rates, criteria for successful fusion (%), and time of CT. Once data were collected, a descriptive and comparative analysis was performed.
RESULTS
Included studies (26, n = 1300) had an overall CT-confirmed fusion rate of 78.7% (69.6-87.7). Individual joints had an overall fusion rate of 83.0% (73-92.9). The highest rate of union was in the talonavicular joint (TNJ).
CONCLUSION
These values are lower than previous studies, which found the same procedures to have greater than 90% fusion rates. With these updated figures, as confirmed by CT, surgeons will have better information for clinical decision making and when having informed consent conversations.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Ankle; Quality of Life; Ankle Joint; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Arthrodesis; Pain; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37226736
DOI: 10.1177/10711007231171087 -
JB & JS Open Access 2023Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has long been considered the definitive treatment for knee osteoarthritis. Although tremendous improvements have been made in surgical...
UNLABELLED
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has long been considered the definitive treatment for knee osteoarthritis. Although tremendous improvements have been made in surgical techniques for conventional TKA, a substantial dissatisfaction rate among patients has persisted because of moderate-to-severe pain and stiffness following TKA. Robot-assisted TKA was developed as an alternative to conventional TKA with the goal of improving operative precision and producing better clinical outcomes with minimal postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to compare the radiographic outcomes, duration of surgery, and complication rate between robot-assisted TKA and conventional TKA.
METHODS
We conducted relevant literature searches of Medline, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Library databases with use of specific keywords. The outcomes for continuous variables were pooled into mean differences, whereas the outcomes for dichotomous variables were pooled into odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals with use of random-effects models.
RESULTS
A total of 12 randomized clinical trials were included. Our pooled analysis revealed that robot-assisted TKA was associated with fewer outliers in the hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle (p < 0.0001), femoral component (coronal) angle (p = 0.0006), femoral component (sagittal) angle (p = 0.009), tibial component (coronal) angle (p = 0.05), and tibial component (sagittal) angle (p = 0.01) when compared with conventional TKA. The postoperative HKA angle was also significantly more neutral in the robot-assisted TKA group (mean difference, -0.77°; p < 0.0001). However, the complication rate did not differ significantly between the 2 groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Robot-assisted TKA may produce more accurate placement of the prosthetic component and better joint alignment accuracy than conventional TKA as shown by fewer outliers in several joint angles.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
PubMed: 37197698
DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.OA.23.00010 -
Foot & Ankle International Aug 2023The best treatment strategy for fractures to the posterior malleolus (PM) is still intensively debated. The aim of this systematic review was to compare the...
BACKGROUND
The best treatment strategy for fractures to the posterior malleolus (PM) is still intensively debated. The aim of this systematic review was to compare the patient-rated outcome following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for fractures of the PM to either closed reduction using AP screws (CRIF) or no treatment in bi- or trimalleolar ankle fractures.
METHODS
Systematic literature research (MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL, Scopus, Central and EMBASE) according to the PICOS and PRISMA guidelines. Eligible were studies comparing the outcome following ORIF to any other treatment strategy for fractures to the posterior malleolus in isolated bi- or trimalleolar ankle fractures.
RESULTS
Twelve studies were eligible for a qualitative analysis and 6 for a quantitative analysis. Overall, a considerable heterogeneity among the studies was observed. The most commonly used outcome score was the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot score (AOFAS). The final follow-up ranged from 12 to 160 months. Four studies compared ORIF to CRIF of the PM. The quantitative analysis revealed significantly better AOFAS scores for ORIF (90.9 vs 83.4 points; < .001; = 0%). Three studies compared ORIF to untreated PM fragment. The quantitative analysis again revealed superior AOFAS scores for ORIF (92.0 vs 82.5 points; < .001; = 99%). A similar trend was observed for the Ankle Fracture Scoring System and American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Foot and Ankle Questionnaire scores as well as the quality of reduction.
CONCLUSION
Despite a considerable heterogeneity, the data available point to a superior outcome following ORIF for fractures to the PM when compared to CRIF or no treatment.
Topics: Humans; Ankle Fractures; Treatment Outcome; Fracture Fixation, Internal; Open Fracture Reduction; Ankle Joint; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 37125766
DOI: 10.1177/10711007231165771 -
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Apr 2023Mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty (MATKA) is a well-established procedure. Kinematically aligned TKA (KATKA) has been proposed to restore and preserve... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Postoperative clinical outcomes for kinematically, restricted kinematically, or mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
BACKGROUND
Mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty (MATKA) is a well-established procedure. Kinematically aligned TKA (KATKA) has been proposed to restore and preserve pre-arthritic knee anatomy. However, normal knee anatomy varies widely, and there have been concerns regarding restoring unusual anatomy. Accordingly, restricted KATKA (rKATKA) was introduced to reproduce constitutional knee anatomy within a safe range. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of the surgeries.
METHODS
We performed a database search on August 20, 2022, which included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing any two of the three surgical TKA techniques for knee osteoarthritis. We conducted a random-effects NMA within the frequentist framework and evaluated confidence in each outcome using the Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis tool.
RESULTS
Ten RCTs with 1,008 knees and a median follow-up period of 1.5 years were included. The three methods might result in little to no difference in range of motion (ROM) between methods. In patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), the KATKA might result in a slight improvement compared with the MATKA (standardized mean difference, 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16-0.78; very low confidence). There was little to no difference in revision risk between MATKA and KATKA. KATKA and rKATKA showed a slight valgus femoral component (mean difference [MD], -1.35; 95% CI, -1.95-[-0.75]; very low confidence; and MD, -1.72; 95% CI, -2.63-[-0.81]; very low confidence, respectively) and a slight varus tibial component (MD, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.22-3.24; very low confidence; and MD, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.01-2.49; very low confidence, respectively) compared with MATKA. Tibial component inclination and hip-knee-ankle angle might result in little to no difference between the three procedures.
CONCLUSIONS
KATKA and rKATKA showed similar ROM and PROMs and a slight variation in the coronal component alignment compared with MATKA. KATKA and rKATKA are acceptable methods in short- to mid-term follow-up periods. However, long-term clinical results in patients with severe varus deformity are still lacking. Surgeons should choose surgical procedures carefully. Further trials are warranted to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and subsequent revision risk.
Topics: Humans; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; Knee Prosthesis; Network Meta-Analysis; Biomechanical Phenomena; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Knee Joint; Osteoarthritis, Knee
PubMed: 37095485
DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06448-0 -
Journal of Athletic Training Feb 2024To investigate whether lower limb strength is reduced in people with patellar tendinopathy (PT) compared with asymptomatic control individuals or the asymptomatic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To investigate whether lower limb strength is reduced in people with patellar tendinopathy (PT) compared with asymptomatic control individuals or the asymptomatic contralateral limb.
DATA SOURCES
MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
STUDY SELECTION
To be included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, studies were required to be peer reviewed, published in the English language, and case control investigations; include participants with a clinical diagnosis of PT and an asymptomatic control or contralateral limb group; and include an objective measure of lower limb maximal strength.
DATA EXTRACTION
We extracted descriptive statistics for maximal strength for the symptomatic and asymptomatic limbs of individuals with PT and the limb(s) of the asymptomatic control group, inferential statistics for between-groups differences, participant characteristics, and details of the strength-testing protocol. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool for analytical cross-sectional studies.
DATA SYNTHESIS
Of the 23 included studies, 21 reported knee strength, 3 reported hip strength, and 1 reported ankle strength. Random-effects models (Hedges g) were used to calculate the pooled effect sizes (ESs) of muscle strength according to the direction of joint movement and type of contraction. The pooled ESs (95% CI) for maximal voluntary isometric contraction knee-extension strength, concentric knee-extension strength, and concentric knee-flexion strength were 0.54 (0.27, 0.80), 0.78 (0.30, 1.33), and 0.41 (0.04, 0.78), respectively, with all favoring greater strength in the asymptomatic control group. Researchers of 2 studies described maximal eccentric knee-extensor strength with no differences between the PT and asymptomatic control groups. In 3 studies, researchers measured maximal hip strength (abduction, extension, and external rotation), and all within-study ESs favored greater strength in the asymptomatic control group.
CONCLUSIONS
Isometric and concentric knee-extensor strength are reduced in people with PT compared with asymptomatic control individuals. In contrast, evidence for reduced eccentric knee-extension strength in people with PT compared with asymptomatic control individuals is limited and inconsistent. Although evidence is emerging that both knee-flexion and hip strength may be reduced in people with PT, more examination is needed to confirm this observation.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Lower Extremity; Knee; Knee Joint; Muscle Strength; Tendinopathy; Muscle, Skeletal
PubMed: 37071550
DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-0662.22 -
Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology,... Aug 2023The purpose of the present study was to assess the overall clinical success rate of non-operative management for osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT). (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The purpose of the present study was to assess the overall clinical success rate of non-operative management for osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT).
METHODS
A literature search was conducted in the PubMed (MEDLINE), COCHRANE and EMBASE (Ovid) databases. Clinical success rates per separate study were calculated at the latest moment of follow-up and were defined as successful when a good or excellent clinical result at follow-up was reported in a qualitative manner or when a post-operative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score at or above 80 was reached. When clinical outcomes were based on other clinical scoring systems, outcomes reported as good or excellent were considered as clinical success. Studies methodologically eligible for a simplified pooling method were combined to calculate an overall pooled clinical success rate. Radiological changes over the course of conservative treatment were assessed either considering local OLT changes and/or overall ankle joint changes.
RESULTS
Thirty articles were included, including an overall of 868 patients. The median follow-up of the included studies was 37 months (range: 3-288 months). A simplified pooling method was possible among 16 studies and yielded an overall pooled clinical success rate of 45% (95% CI 40-50%). As assessed with plain radiographs, progression of ankle joint osteoarthritis was observed in of 9% (95% CI 6-14%) of the patients. As assessed through a Computed Tomography (CT) scan, focal OLT deterioration was observed in 11% (95% CI 7-18%) of the patients. As assessed with a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan, focal OLT deterioration was observed in 12% (95% CI 6-24%) of the patients. An unchanged lesion was detected on plain radiographs in 53% (48/91; CI 43-63%), 76% (99/131; 95% CI 68-82%) on a CT scan and on MRI in 84% (42/50; 95% CI 71-92%) of the patients.
CONCLUSION
The current literature on non-operative management of OLTs is scarce and heterogeneous on indication and type of treatment. Promising clinical results are presented but need to interpreted with caution due to the heterogeneity in indication, duration and type of treatment. Further studies need to focus on specific types on conservative management, indications and its results.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Systematic review, Level IV.
Topics: Humans; Treatment Outcome; Talus; Radiography; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Transplantation, Autologous; Ankle Joint; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 37062042
DOI: 10.1007/s00167-023-07408-w -
Sports Medicine and Health Science Mar 2023To determine whether existing exercise therapies can restore the joint position sense (JPS) deficits of patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) when compared with... (Review)
Review
To determine whether existing exercise therapies can restore the joint position sense (JPS) deficits of patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) when compared with controlled non-training patients. Seven databases were searched using ankle, injury, proprioception, and exercise-therapy-related terms. Peer-reviewed human studies in English that used the absolute errors score of joint position reproduction (JPR) test to compare the JPS of injured ankles in CAI patients before and after exercise therapy and non-training controls were included and analyzed. Demographic information, sample size, description of exercise therapies, methodological details of the JPR test, and absolute error scores were extracted by two researchers independently. Meta-analysis of the differences in JPS changes (i.e., absolute errors after treatment minus the baseline) between the exercise therapies and non-training controls was performed with the weighted mean difference () and 95% confidence interval (). Seven studies were finally included. Meta-analyses revealed significantly higher improvements in passive JPS during inversion with, = -1.54° and eversion, of, = -1.80°, after exercise therapies when compared with non-training controls. However, no significant changes in the impaired side active JPS were observed with regard to inversion and eversion. Existing exercise therapies may have a positive effect on passive JPS during inversion and eversion, but do not restore the active JPS deficits of injured ankles in patients with CAI when compared with non-training controls. Updated exercise components with a longer duration that focus on active JPS with longer duration are needed to supplement the existing content of exercise therapies.
PubMed: 36994176
DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2023.01.001 -
Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) May 2023The heights obtained during the countermovement jump and drop jump tests have been measured by numerous studies using different calculation methods and pieces of...
BACKGROUND
The heights obtained during the countermovement jump and drop jump tests have been measured by numerous studies using different calculation methods and pieces of equipment. However, the differences in calculation methods and equipment used have resulted in discrepancies in jump height being reported.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this systematic review was to examine the available literature pertaining to the different calculation methods to estimate the jump height during the countermovement jump and drop jump.
METHODS
A systematic review of the literature was undertaken using the SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PubMed electronic databases, with all articles required to meet specified criteria based on a quality scoring system.
RESULTS
Twenty-one articles met the inclusion criteria, relating various calculation methods and equipment employed when measuring jump height in either of these two tests. The flight time and jump-and-reach methods provide practitioners with jump height data in the shortest time, but their accuracy is affected by factors such as participant conditions or equipment sensitivity. The motion capture systems and the double integration method measure the jump height from the centre of mass height at the initial flat foot standing to the apex of jumping, where the centre of mass displacement generated by the ankle plantarflexion is known. The impulse-momentum and flight time methods could only measure the jump height from the centre of mass height at the instant of take-off to the apex of jumping, thus, providing statistically significantly lower jump height values compared with the former two methods. However, further research is warranted to investigate the reliability of each calculation method when using different equipment settings.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings indicate that using the impulse-momentum method via a force platform is the most appropriate way for the jump height from the instant of take-off to the apex of jumping to be measured. Alternatively, the double integration method via a force platform is preferred to quantify the jump height from the initial flat foot standing to the apex of jumping.
Topics: Humans; Flatfoot; Reproducibility of Results; Lower Extremity; Exercise; Ankle Joint
PubMed: 36940054
DOI: 10.1007/s40279-023-01828-x